First, the basic situation of geological environment monitoring institutions
Geological environment monitoring institutions in Shaanxi Province are composed of Shaanxi Geological Environment Monitoring Station (under the Shaanxi Provincial Department of Land and Resources) and 10 Municipal Monitoring Station (under the Municipal Bureau of Land and Resources). Employees of provincial and municipal monitoring institutions 127. Among them, there are 53 professional and technical personnel (22 with senior titles, 20 with intermediate titles and junior titles 1 1), and 74 others (see table).
Status Table of Geological Environment Monitoring Institutions and Teams in Shaanxi Province
sequential
From left to right: Jin Haifeng, deputy chief engineer, Gao Jianjun, Liu Jiang, Ning Shejiao, Li Lingcai and Kang Jinshuan.
Shaanxi Geological Environment Monitoring Station was established in 1956. 200 1 institutional reform, the whole system was put under the management of the Provincial Department of Land and Resources by the Provincial Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, and it was a department-level institution under the Ministry. The main responsibilities are: to draw up the geological environment monitoring plan and implementation plan of the whole province; To undertake geological disasters in the whole province and groundwater monitoring, and guide the monitoring of geological environment in the city (prefecture); To undertake the prediction and prevention of geological disasters in the whole province, put forward suggestions for the prevention and control of geological disasters in the whole province, and organize their implementation; Draw up the annual geological disaster prevention plan of the whole province; Responsible for the duty of geological disasters in flood season, and undertake the investigation of major sudden geological disasters; Drafting the specifications and technical regulations for geological environment monitoring in the whole province; To undertake the technical business management of geological environment projects in the whole province; Responsible for the collection and analysis of geological environment survey and monitoring data, as well as the construction and management of geological environment information system, prepare the annual report on geological environment and geological disasters, and release geological environment information to the society entrusted by the Provincial Department of Land and Resources; Undertake the investigation and monitoring of geological relics in the whole province; To undertake the investigation and evaluation of the geological environment in the mining area and put forward suggestions for treatment; Undertake scientific and technological information collection and technical consulting services such as geological environment monitoring, geological disaster prevention and protection. Shaanxi Geological Environment Monitoring Station consists of six departments (comprehensive office, planning and finance department, geological disaster prevention room, geological environment monitoring room, comprehensive research room and geological environment information center). The office is located in the Provincial Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, with more than ten offices, about 300m2.
Geological environment monitoring stations and landslide prevention offices have been established in all cities in the province 10, which are subordinate to the Municipal Bureau of Land and Resources. Their main duties are: to prepare the municipal geological environment monitoring work plan and organize its implementation; To undertake the monitoring of geological disasters, groundwater dynamics and other geological environment in the whole city, and guide the monitoring of geological environment in counties (districts); To undertake the monitoring and prevention of geological disasters in the city, put forward suggestions for the prevention and control of geological disasters in the city, and organize their implementation; To formulate the city's annual geological disaster prevention and control plan; Responsible for the duty of geological disasters in flood season, and undertake the investigation of important sudden geological disasters; To undertake the technical business management of geological environment projects in the whole city; To be responsible for the collection and analysis of the survey and monitoring data of the city and county geological environment, the construction and management of the geological environment information system, and the preparation of the annual report on the geological environment and geological disasters; Investigate and evaluate the geological environment of the mining area, and put forward suggestions for treatment.
The second is the construction of monitoring outlets.
(a) seriously carry out the construction of groundwater monitoring.
Groundwater level monitoring and water quality analysis in the whole province have been carried out for many years, and a lot of valuable data have been accumulated. The Bulletin of Groundwater Dynamics in Shaanxi Province is published regularly, which effectively monitors the geological environment of the whole province and provides the government and society with early warning information of geological environment monitoring in time.
1. Monitoring areas and projects. At present, there are eight cities for groundwater monitoring: Xi, Baoji, Xianyang, Weinan, Hanzhong, Ankang, Tongchuan and Yulin, which mainly monitor the groundwater level, water quality and water quantity of urban water sources and regional control points, and use clocks, measuring ropes, tape measures, thermometers and automatic groundwater monitors to monitor diving, confined water and a small amount of karst water.
2. Monitoring network construction. There are 337 groundwater monitoring points in the province (including 8 automatic monitoring points). Among them, there are 36 national monitoring points, provincial monitoring points 16 1 and regional monitoring points 140. The monitoring area covers an area of 200 1km2, involving more than 30 urban water supply sources.
3. Monitoring means and frequency. Among the 337 monitoring points in the province, there are 104 water quality monitoring points. The monitoring frequency of national groundwater monitoring points is 6 times a month, provincial monitoring points are 3 times a month, and regional monitoring points are/kloc-0 times a month. The monitoring frequency of groundwater quality is 1 time per year, and the sampling time is consistent with the measurement of unified measuring points.
(2) Construction of monitoring and prevention system for sudden geological disasters
After the Wenchuan earthquake, there are 9007 geological hazards in the province, all of which are included in the monitoring network for group monitoring and prevention. According to the responsibility of prevention and control of geological disasters, governments at all levels and competent departments issue disaster prevention cards to the hidden points of geological disasters that have been discovered, and implement monitoring leaders and monitors. The number of participants in mass prevention and treatment exceeds 1 10,000. The level of successful prediction of geological disasters has been improved year by year, effectively reducing casualties and property losses. Since 2000, the province has successfully predicted 240 geological disasters, avoiding 6469 casualties and direct economic losses of more than 30 million yuan.
(3) professional monitoring and construction of geological disasters
Relying on the exploration project, professional instrument monitoring points such as Yang Shan Middle School Landslide, Ziyang No.1 Middle School Landslide, Foping Guanshan Landslide and Ningshan Primary School Landslide were established, and the deep displacement and ground deformation of landslides were monitored by deep deformation instruments. At the same time, the monitoring system of ground fissures and land subsidence in Xi city was established. Xunyang county is stepping up the establishment of the first automatic monitoring demonstration zone in the province.
(4) Typical demonstration geothermal monitoring construction
The geothermal monitoring in typical demonstration areas of Xianyang and Lintong hot springs has obtained abundant monitoring data, which provides decision-making basis for effectively utilizing geothermal resources and promoting local characteristic economic development. In 2005, it assisted Xianyang Municipal Government to successfully declare "China Geothermal City" to China Mining Association. In 2008, we assisted the Lintong District Government of Xi to successfully declare "China Imperial Hot Springs Capital" to China Mining Association.
Three, monitoring equipment (equipment) equipped with the status quo
There are 14 monitoring vehicles in the provincial main station, city station and county (district) station, 9 sets of automatic groundwater monitors in Xi 'an and Xianyang, 4 sets of landslide inclinometers in the main station, Ankang station and Shangluo station, and 5 sets of remote monitoring systems for landslide driving force in Ningqiang and Fengxian. Each station is also equipped with a different number of digital cameras, cameras, hand-held GPS, infrared rangefinders, compasses and other small commonly used equipment.
Leading a tour of Xi 'an ground fissure monitoring equipment.
Downloading of groundwater automatic monitoring data
Four. Information construction
A meteorological forecast and early warning system for geological disasters was established. Since 2003, the Shaanxi Provincial Department of Land and Resources has cooperated with the Provincial Meteorological Bureau to issue geological disaster forecasts and early warnings on provincial TV stations and other news media, and issued forecasts and early warnings on provincial TV stations for a total of 122 times. In order to prevent geological disasters, improve people's awareness of disaster prevention and mitigation in geological disaster-prone areas, and effectively avoid a large number of casualties and major economic losses. At the same time, various provincial offices have also established an emergency command video conference system, further improving the quantitative degree of meteorological forecast and early warning.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) mainly monitors results and services.
1. The monitoring system for ground subsidence of Xi 'an ground fissure is established. The system consists of automatic monitoring instrument stations for ground fissures, short leveling sections and points across ground fissures, ground subsidence stratification marks and groundwater level monitoring network, and has accumulated a large number of first-hand monitoring data.
2. Organized and completed the investigation and evaluation project of geothermal resources in Guanzhong Basin. The project started in 2004 and ended in 2007. Focusing on the development idea of Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee and provincial government to "speed up the hot spring tourism in Guanzhong", we will speed up the implementation of the project. The formation and distribution law of geothermal resources in Guanzhong basin and the present situation of geothermal development and utilization are found out, which provides scientific basis for geothermal resources evaluation and rational development.
Meteorological early warning system for geological disasters
3. In 2004, according to the requirements of the provincial government, the groundwater exploration project of the energy and chemical industry base in northern Shaanxi was carried out in cooperation with China Geological Survey. An automatic groundwater monitoring network consisting of 40 self-recording water level meters is established, which realizes real-time monitoring of groundwater level in important sections of the base, and establishes a water resources database and information system. This achievement provides a scientific basis for the construction of energy and chemical industry base in northern Shaanxi.
4. Based on the comprehensive investigation and zoning of geological disasters in all counties (districts) of the province, combined with the comprehensive analysis and research of monitoring data, the Atlas of Geological Disasters in 10 City was edited and produced, which was issued to the municipal (county) governments and relevant departments for use, and played an important guiding role in the prevention and control of geological disasters in all cities.
5. The first automatic monitoring demonstration zone in Xunyang County is being built in the province, and the monitoring of surface deformation, rainfall point, deep deformation and groundwater level is carried out around the landslide of Shangmao Street in Xunyang County. Establish an automatic data transmission system for information collection of county geological environment monitoring stations; A terminal station is set in the provincial station to receive, analyze and process information. The completion of the automatic monitoring system will play a positive demonstration role in improving the monitoring and forecasting level of geological disasters in the province.
Legal construction of intransitive verbs
1.200 1 The Shaanxi Provincial Department of Land and Resources has formulated the Measures for the Administration of Geological Environment in Shaanxi Province and the Regulations on the Safety Prevention and Control of Geological Disasters in Shaanxi Province (for Trial Implementation), which were reviewed and approved by the provincial government, respectively, with Shaanxi Provincial People's Government Decree No.71and Shaanxi Fazheng No.2001] 48. The main body responsible for geological environment monitoring, monitoring network construction, funding arrangement, results release, and disaster prevention scheme preparation are clearly defined, which provides a legal basis for the smooth development of geological environment monitoring and geological disaster prevention in the province.
2. In 2005, the provincial offices organized and compiled the Geological Disaster Prevention and Control Plan of Shaanxi Province (2005-20 15), which was approved by the provincial government and issued to the people's governments of cities (counties) for implementation; In 2006, the Eleventh Five-Year Plan for the Prevention and Control of Geological Disasters in Shaanxi Province was compiled, and the general office of the provincial government issued the documentNo. [2006]88 to the municipal (county) governments for implementation. According to the requirements of the Ministry of Land and Resources, the Planning of Mine Environmental Protection and Governance in Shaanxi Province (2006-20 15) was compiled and submitted to the Ministry of Land and Resources for approval. Under the unified arrangement and guidance of the provincial offices, cities and key counties for prevention and control of geological disasters have also compiled their own prevention and control plans for geological disasters. The Plan defines the situation, objectives and tasks, key prevention and control divisions, construction of monitoring and early warning system, implementation of safeguard measures, etc. After the Wenchuan earthquake on May 12, 2008, according to the requirements of the prevention and control of geological disasters in post-disaster reconstruction in earthquake-stricken areas, the prevention and control plans of geological disasters in post-disaster reconstruction in severely affected counties in Shaanxi Province and the prevention and control plans of geological disasters in post-disaster reconstruction in disaster-stricken counties in Shaanxi Province were compiled, and at the same time, the prevention and control plans of geological disasters in post-disaster reconstruction in Wenchuan earthquake-stricken areas were compiled for Hanzhong, Baoji, Xianyang, Organizational Ankang and Xi for local governments to use after the disaster.