The calculation of bank loan interest, except for 360 days, is not 365 days: for the convenience of calculation; There are 12 months every year, and there are only 30 days in a month according to 360 days. The calculation of bank loan interest, except for 360 days, is not 365 days: for the convenience of calculation; There are 12 months every year, and there are only 30 days in a month according to 360 days. There are two algorithms for bank loan interest: 360 days and 365 days; The annual interest rate of general loans is converted into daily interest rate according to 360 days; The daily loan interest rate is converted into the annual loan interest rate by 365 days. Article 3 of the Notice of the People's Bank of China on the Calculation and Settlement of RMB Deposit and Loan Interest stipulates that the daily interest rate shall be calculated at the annual interest rate of /360. The Notice of the People's Bank of China on Adjusting the Conversion Standard of Daily Interest Rate of Bond Repurchase stipulates: "The daily interest rate shall be uniformly converted by dividing the annual interest rate by 365 days. If it is not divisible, four digits shall be reserved after the decimal point, and the fifth digit shall be rounded off. " The Standard for People's Handling of Enforcement Cases promulgated by the Supreme People's Executive Board on 20 17 stipulates in Item (3) of Article 161 of the book: "If the non-performance period exceeds 1 year, the interest shall be calculated at the annual rate of the benchmark interest rate for the same period every full year, and the interest shall be calculated at the daily rate of the benchmark interest rate for the remaining period. The daily interest rate is calculated by dividing the annual interest rate of the benchmark loan interest rate by 365 days. " The reason why the two notices of the People's Bank of China have two ways to calculate daily interest is the way of interest settlement. In the Notice of the People's Bank of China on the Calculation and Settlement of Interest on RMB Deposits and Loans, the businesses specified in the notice are settled quarterly. In the Notice of the People's Bank of China on Adjusting the Conversion Standard of Interest Rate on Bond Repurchase Day, for the inter-bank bond market, the interest period is calculated according to the actual days of bond repurchase. What is the difference? According to the quarterly interest settlement method, there are four quarters every year. The quarterly interest rate is calculated by multiplying the monthly interest rate by 3, and the monthly interest rate is calculated by the annual interest rate/12. The interest rate is the same every month and quarter, but we know that the number of days in each quarter is different. If the daily interest rate is calculated according to the annual interest rate /365, then the monthly interest rates of 28, 29, 30, 3 1 are different, and the interest rates of each quarter are different, which will lead to confusion in interest rate calculation. After calculating the daily interest rate with an annual interest rate of /360 and the monthly interest rate with an annual interest rate of/12, the interest rate can be guaranteed to be the same every quarter and every month, thus avoiding the confusion visible to the naked eye. However, the method of calculating interest according to the actual number of days does not have the above problems. In order to ensure that the annual interest rate is the same as the daily interest rate, the interest rate is calculated at the annual interest rate of /365. After comparison, we found it difficult to say whether to divide by 365 or 360. Whether it is correct or not depends on the interest settlement method, and the calculation method that matches the real transaction can be said to be correct. In business execution, interest is calculated on a daily basis, so the daily interest rate is calculated by dividing the annual interest rate by 365.
Two, the calculation of bank loan interest, except for 360 days, not 365 days.
The calculation of bank loan interest, except for 360 days, is not 365 days: for the convenience of calculation;
There are 12 months every year, and there are only 30 days in a month according to 360 days.
Bank loan interest for 65 days: for the convenience of calculation; There are 12 months every year, and there are only 30 days in a month according to 360 days.
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There are two algorithms for bank loan interest: 360 days and 365 days;
The annual interest rate of general loans is converted into daily interest rate according to 360 days; The daily loan interest rate is converted into the adult loan interest rate by 365 days.
Article 3 of the Notice of the People's Bank of China on Settlement and Sale of Foreign Exchange stipulates that the annual interest rate is /360.
The Notice of the People's Bank of China on Adjusting Bond Standards stipulates: "Daily interest rate conversion. If it is not divisible, four digits shall be reserved after the decimal point, and the fifth digit shall be rounded off. "
The Standard for Persons Handling Execution Cases published by the Supreme People in 7 years stipulates in Item (3) of Article 161 of the book: "If the non-performance period exceeds 1 year, the interest shall be calculated at the annual rate of the benchmark interest rate for the same period every full year, and the interest for the remaining period shall be calculated at the date of the benchmark interest rate for the same period.
The daily interest rate is calculated by dividing the annual interest rate of the benchmark loan interest rate by 365 days. "The two notices of the People's Bank of China have two ways to calculate daily interest, which lies in the way of interest settlement.
In the Notice of the People's Bank of China on the Calculation and Settlement of Interest on RMB Deposits and Loans, the businesses specified in the notice are settled quarterly. In the Notice of the People's Bank of China on Adjusting the Conversion Standard of Interest Rate on Bond Repurchase Day, for the inter-bank bond market, the interest period is calculated according to the actual days of bond repurchase.
What is the difference? According to the quarterly interest settlement method, there are four quarters every year. The quarterly interest rate is calculated by multiplying the monthly interest rate by 3, and the monthly interest rate is calculated by the annual interest rate/12. The interest rate is the same every month and quarter, but we know that the number of days in each quarter is different.
If the daily interest rate is calculated according to the annual interest rate /365, then the monthly interest rates of 28, 29, 30, 3 1 are different, and the interest rates of each quarter are different, which will lead to confusion in interest rate calculation.
After calculating the daily interest rate with an annual interest rate of /360 and the monthly interest rate with an annual interest rate of/12, the interest rate can be guaranteed to be the same every quarter and every month, thus avoiding the confusion visible to the naked eye. However, the method of calculating interest according to the actual number of days does not have the above problems. In order to ensure that the annual interest rate is the same as the daily interest rate, the interest rate is calculated at the annual interest rate of /365.
After comparison, we found it difficult to say whether to divide by 365 or 360. Whether it is correct or not depends on the interest settlement method, and the calculation method that matches the real transaction can be said to be correct. In business execution, interest is calculated on a daily basis, so the daily interest rate is calculated by dividing the annual interest rate by 365.
3. Why is the calculation of bank loan interest divided by 360 days instead of 365 days?
All these need to be removed.
4. Why do banks calculate the interest-bearing days as 360 days?
It lies in the "interest-bearing method" of the bank. At present, there are two main interest-bearing methods for bank deposits: one-by-one interest-bearing method, that is, interest-bearing for the whole year and the whole month, and interest-bearing for the excess part by day if there is any change; The other is the product interest method, that is, the account balance is accumulated daily according to the actual number of days, and the accumulated products are multiplied by the daily interest rate to calculate interest.
After the bank settles the balance of various deposit and loan accounts every day, it will not calculate the number of days for the time being, because the number of days that this balance can be maintained has not yet been determined, which may be several days or only one day. Only when the balance of the account changes, the number of days that the balance remains unchanged will be calculated according to the principle of "counting the heads instead of counting the tails", that is, the number of days that the deposit and loan balance actually exists and actually lends money, and then it will be filled in the number of days column of the balance in the sub-account.