Sinus (Dü sinus) has four origins:
1, from Si Shi, after Xia Di Shao Kang, took the place name as his surname. According to the records in the Romance of Customs, the Book of the New Tang Dynasty, the Prime Minister's Pedigree, the Custom Pass and the Record of Business Travel, in ancient times, when Emperor Xia Taikang was in power, he neglected political affairs, ignored people's feelings and indulged in recreational hunting in the wild, and went hunting in the south of Luoshui, followed by his fifth brother and the network behind him. At this time, the monarch of a poor country easily resisted Taikang's return to China on the north bank of the Yellow River because people couldn't stand Taikang's actions. Taikang's five brothers and their mother (that is, Hou Yi) went to the place where Luoshui turned and flowed into the Yellow River, waiting for Taikang. They waited 100 for more than a day and didn't come back. They were also found to be controlled by the poor. At this time, Hou Yi was pregnant and near the delivery period, so she escaped from the sinus (cave name) and ran back to her residence, giving birth to Shao Kang. After Taikang lost his position, his younger brother Zhong Kang succeeded to the throne; After the death of Zhongkang, Di Zi succeeded to the throne one after another; After the death of Xiang, Shao Kang succeeded to the throne. Probably to commemorate this historical event of his ancestors, Shao Kang left him a place to show his love for his two sons named Dou, which was passed down from generation to generation and formed the Dou family.
2. The Gudi nationality, surnamed Dou, is distributed in Shaanxi, Gansu and Sichuan today. According to Wei Zhi, Dou Mao was the king of Bian.
3, from the minority was given to change the Doushi family. According to Tongzhi Genealogy, Xianbei people gave their surnames "Wu Lu Hui" and "Gedouling", and Wei Xiaowen changed it to "Dou".
4. Since the Warring States Period, there was a Duke Dou in Wei State, and his descendants simply changed to Dou.
Ancestor: Shao Kang. According to the Tang Book, Prime Minister's Pedigree Table, the surname of Dou comes from the surname of Si. According to legend, after the loss of the country, his concubine (originally surnamed) escaped from Dou, went to her maiden name, gave birth to Shao Kang, and stayed at home, becoming Dou. About this matter, it is also recorded in Customs Tong and Shang You Lu. Shao Kang, the ancestor of the Dou family, has a history of more than 4,000 years and is one of the ancient surnames in China. It is also the earliest birthplace of the Dou family and the ancient name of the country. This place is in today's Jining County, Shanxi Province. Therefore, the descendants of Dou regarded Shao Kang as the ancestor of Dou.
Second, migration distribution.
(Missing) Dou was not included in the top 100 in Taiwan Province Province. The origin of Dou's family is ancient, and its distant ancestor began in Xia Dynasty. Is a descendant of Dayu. Originated from the Yu family. After the Xia monarch was killed, the princess escaped from the sinus and returned to her family, giving birth to a posthumous child, Shao Kang. Later, Shao Kang restored the Xia Dynasty, which was called "Shao Kang Zhongxing" in history. Shao Kang's two sons, Zhu and Long, still live in Youliang, so they take Dou as their surname. Later, he ascended the throne and became the next king of Xia. Development and evolution: The ancient minority Di people (distributed in present-day Shaanxi, Gansu and Sichuan) also took Dou as their surname. In the Han Dynasty, a queen, Dou Taihou, was born in the Dou family in Guanjin, Qinghe. She is Heng's wife and the mother of Jing Di Liu Qi. When she was in power to Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the Doushi family in Qinghe flourished and gradually formed a noble family. In addition, in the process of development, Dou's family gradually formed two counties in Henan, and developed into a famous family in the local area. Therefore, the surname Dou is called the King of Fufeng (Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty listed Youfufeng as one of the three assistants). In Wei Dynasty, the Three Kingdoms changed to Fufeng County. In today's west of Chang 'an County, Shaanxi Province), King of Henan (Emperor Gaozu set up a county. In today's Luoyang City, Henan Province), Qinghe King (Gao Han's hometown county). It is equivalent to Qinghe in Hebei to Linqing in Shandong today).
Third, historical celebrities.
Dou Ying: Minister of the Western Han Dynasty. The word Wang Sun (BC? -BC 13 1), Guanjin (now Hengshui East, Hebei Province). Dou Taihou's nephew. When Wu Chu rebelled in the Seven Kingdoms, Jingdi regarded him as a general, guarding Xingyang, supervising Qi and Zhao Bing. Seven kingdoms were broken and Wei Qihou was sealed. At the beginning of Emperor Wudi, he served as Prime Minister. Advocating Confucianism and opposing Huang Lao's theory in Tao Biao Fa was denounced by Dou Taihou. He was later killed for a crime.
Dou Rong: Duke Zhou (65438 BC+06 BC-62 AD), a native of Fufeng Pingling (now northwest of Xianyang, Shaanxi), was an official in Hexi for generations. Xin Mang was a feudal military commander, but later he took part in suppressing the Green Forest and the Red Eyed Peasant Army, and worshipped General Shuidu. The demise of the new dynasty made the new regime start again and sought to become a vassal of Zhang Ye. It was overthrown again, and was promoted as a general of five counties in Hexi by governors in Zhangye, Wuwei, Jiuquan, Jincheng and Dunhuang to protect themselves according to the situation. He first worked in Zhengshuo, Xiao Wei, and then saw Emperor Guangwu's strict orders, intending to take refuge. Guangwudi heard that Hexi was rich and his soldiers were lean, and he also sent messengers to contact him. Jianwu five years (29 years), accepted the Eastern Han Dynasty regime Liangzhou pastoral office. In eight years, Emperor Guangwu embraced Xiao Wei and led the troops to meet the enemy. After defeating Xiaowei, he was named Hou Anfeng. Long Shu was pacified and called into Beijing. He worked as a herdsman, general, guard and general in Jizhou. Dou's family is favored by the nobles. One door has a male, a second marquis, a third princess and four stones. The mansion is in Wangjing City, and there are thousands of handmaiden. If you indulge, you will do more illegal things. In the second year of Yongping (59 years), his brother was executed for his crime and was ordered to recuperate. Over 20 years old, got the seal of Wei Wei. He died five years ago at the age of 78.
Dou Wei: Wen Wei, a native of Fufeng Pingling (now northwest of Xianyang, Shaanxi Province) in Han Dynasty, was the queen mother with her father and brother. When I joined the army as the secretary of the prime minister's office of Emperor Gaozu, I was well informed and well informed. Final internal historical order. Set ten volumes, save one poem today.
Dou Xian: The word Bo Du. Ping Ling, a native of Fufeng in the Eastern Han Dynasty (now northwest of Xianyang, Shaanxi Province), is the great-grandson of Dou Rong. He led the troops out of the village for more than 3,000 miles, broke the Huns, boarded Yanran, made meritorious deeds by carving stones, worshipped the generals and took over the power. The emperor dragon, angry with him, conspired with Zheng Zhong, a servant, to force him to commit suicide.
Dou Wu: You Ping (? -168) was born in Pingling, Fufeng (now northwest of Xianyang, Shaanxi). In the eighth year of Yan Xi (165), the eldest daughter was elected to worship in the palace; In the winter of the same year, the woman was made queen, so she was transferred to Qi Yue as a captain, and the next year she was changed to Guanchengmen as a captain. At that time, it was the first disaster for the party to fight against dissidents. He wrote a letter to plead for the party to fight against dissidents. When Emperor Huan died, he was childless. He and his daughter Dou Taihou welcomed the Emperor Ling, and served as the general assistant government. He quoted Chen Fan, party member and others to participate in politics, and often served Cao Jie and Wang Fu in killing people. The leaker was killed by Cao Jie and others.
Gong Dou, whose name is Youfeng (772 or 773-83 1 or 832), was born in Pingling, Fufeng, Tang Dynasty. Dou Yao Di. Xian Zongyuan was a scholar in the second year. Yuan Zi was appointed as the secretary in charge. On the pilgrimage to punish the doctor. Yuan Zhen observed eastern Zhejiang, played as an assistant envoy and served as an imperial adviser. Peace with people can't be said, the time number is "Hey Weng". Gong's five-character poem. Together with his brothers Dou Chang, Dou Mou, Dou Qun and Dou Dong, he collected Dou's beads.
Dou Ping: Zitian, whose date of birth and death is unknown, lived in the Renzong era in the Northern Song Dynasty. Wine Book has collected 14 stories, anecdotes and rumors about wine, including the origin, name, history, celebrity wine events, functions, tastes, drinking utensils, legends, drinking etiquette, poems about wine and so on. Rich in content, using "old news", classified and arranged at a glance, can be said to be a clear picture of China wine before the Northern Song Dynasty. This book was written in the second year of Tiansheng (A.D. 1024), and was later included in Tao's Shuo Gong. His Thirteen Articles on Wine contains three articles about wine written by predecessors: Ode to Wine Virtue, Nostalgia and Biography of Mr. Qinghe.
Dou Mo: Zi Zisheng (1 196- 1280), formerly known as Jie, also known as Xingjiao, Feixiang County, Guangping Prefecture, Yuan Dynasty. Dou Mo was an outstanding politician, philosopher, educator and physician in Yuan Dynasty. Dou Mo was familiar with poetry books since childhood, made friends, and discussed Zhu Cheng's Neo-Confucianism with Xu Heng, Yao Shu and other Neo-Confucianists at that time. "Don't talk about classics, children's history, music, things, ephemeris, military punishment, food, water conservancy, etc.", and learn everything. Extensive dabbling and endless pursuit enriched and systematized his knowledge of Confucianism, especially the infiltration of Zhu Xi's thought, and formed his own set of views, which laid the foundation for him to be an official, assist his ancestors and achieve imperial career in the Yuan Dynasty in the future.
Dou Taihou: The last representative of the Huang-Lao School of Chinese Empire, named Yi (205 BC-65438 BC+035 BC), was born in Guanjin, Qinghe County, Hebei Province, and was elected to the palace by Lu Shi. Lv Hou awarded five ladies-in-waiting to each C, and Dou E was also selected. Because her home is in Qinghe, let the eunuch marry her to Zhao, who is close to home. But the eunuch forgot about it and assigned her to Daiguo, so she went to Daiguo, but Daiwang Liu Heng liked her very much and gave birth to Liu Qi and Liu Wu. Ji believes in the learning of Huang Lao (Taoism, "Huang" refers to the Yellow Emperor, "Lao" refers to Lao Zi. In her shadow, Jingdi Liu Qi and Huang Lao ruled the country together, and Huang Lao thought became the mainstream thought of managing the world for later generations until Dou Taihou died. After Wenjing, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty did not dare to reuse Confucian scholars before his death.
Dou Jiande: A native of Zhang Nan in Sui Dynasty. Gathering people to revolt, according to Hebei counties, called Wang Xia, named Wufeng. In the 14th year of Sui Dynasty, Yang Dinan conquered Jiangdu and was killed by Chinese character culture. At that time, Wang claimed to be the King of Zheng in Luoyang, and named Dong Emperor. Jiande was also ordered to be sealed by the court. Shi Chongxuan killed Dong, claiming to be the emperor, and Jiande was also called Xia Di. In the third year of Tang Wude, Li Shimin, king of Qin, conquered the world. Jiande sent troops to save the world. In four years, he was defeated, captured and beheaded in Chang 'an. At the age of 48.
Dou Yanshan: Yu Jun, no, Yanshan. Yuyang people in the later Zhou Dynasty. After the Five Dynasties, the Jin Dynasty lied openly and secretly, oppressed the poor, ignored justice and conscience, and was childless at the age of 30. Legend has it that his father had a dream one night and said to Yanshan, "You have a bad heart and a bad reputation, and you will have no children and no life in the future." We must quickly change from good to evil, accumulate virtues, travel widely and conveniently, preserve God's will and change our ways. "Yanshan woke up, thinking of his father's dream. He never dared to do anything wrong in the past, and it was convenient to travel widely. At home, he set up a volunteer school library and asked teachers to give him lessons to help poor children learn. He founded more than 40 voluntary schools and served as a doctor of advice, and countless young people were recommended and promoted to fame by him. One night, I dreamed that my father said, "You are very famous today, and you have given birth to five sons, Qi Deng Ke Jia, who is 89 years old. "Since then, I have cultivated my morality and been more diligent. Later, as expected, Yi, Yan, Kan, Ou and Fu Wuzi were born in succession. Because he taught children well and worked hard, Wu Zixu passed the exams one after another.
Dou Shuxiang: Straight word, from Jing Zhao (now Fufeng, Shaanxi). In the early years of Dali, Tang Daizong was promoted to Jinshi, when he was a disciple, and he often became the prime minister, which was cited as the left supplement and the internal sacrifice. Was demoted, made Lishui order, moved to the Ministry of Industry and Commerce. Poetry is rigorous and has been handed down from generation to generation. Five subgroups, such as Chang, Mou, Yao and Gong, are all famous for their poems, and they are all authors of Julian Collection. Dou Shu said five words to the workers. He is famous for his time. There are seven volumes and nine poems today.
Dou Hanqing: There were physicians in the Jin Dynasty. Unknown. A native of Feixiang, Guangping, was once an official in Taishi Gongfu, so the world called Taishi Dou. He is a master of acupuncture and moxibustion at eight points, and he is the author of Classic Guide to Acupuncture and Calligraphy and Biaoyou Fu, which are the main contents of the book. Because of elegant writing and delicate reasoning, celebrities in the Yuan and Ming Dynasties accepted it gladly. As far as its function is concerned, cousin's service is to acupuncture, just as Yan Bo's carving is to Tibetan armor.
There were doctors such as Dou Mo in Yuan Dynasty.
Fourth, the county hall number
Wang Jun 1
According to "Custom Pass", "Xiang was down and out, my concubine was pregnant, escaped from the sinus, was born in Shaokang, and then died". Looking out for Fufeng, Qinghe and Henan.
Fufeng County: Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty later named Youfufeng as one of the three assistants. The Institute is located in Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province. During the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Wei changed to Fufeng County, which governed Li Huai (now southeast of Xingping, Shaanxi). Fufeng County in Sui and Tang Dynasties was qi zhou.
Henan County: Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty established Henan County, namely Sanchuan County of the Qin Dynasty, which governed Luoyang (now Luoyang City, Henan Province). There was Henan County in Yuzhou in Sui Dynasty, and Henan Province in Luozhou in Tang Dynasty, and its jurisdiction was much smaller than that in Henan County. Yuan is the Tao and Ming is the government.
Qinghe County: In Han Dynasty, Qinghe County governed Qingyang (now southeast of Qinghe in Hebei Province). In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Qinghe ruled Ganling (now Linqing East, Shandong Province). All generations have been resettled. Northern Qi moved to rule Wucheng (now northwest of Qinghe). Hence the Qinghe River, that is, today's Qinghe River. Sui and Tang Dynasties belonged to Qinghe County, Zhou Bei.
2. Hall number
The main hall names of Dou surname are "Shihetang" and "Chengentang".
============================================================
Doushi Ancestral Hall General Couplet.
Four-character couplet of Doushi Ancestral Hall
Derived from surname;
Expect the wind.
-Anonymous "Dou Ancestral Hall General Union"
All-Union Canon refers to the origin of Dou's family and the concept of county (see the introduction of the first title "Origin of Surnames" and the fourth title "County View Hall").
The door goes through four stages;
Famous crown and three kings.
-Anonymous "Dou Ancestral Hall General Union"
The first pair of couplets refers to Dou Wei, a minister in the early Tang Dynasty, with a noble family background and outstanding achievements. All his brothers like martial arts, only he likes literature and history. Everyone calls him a nerd. When Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty was the official to the corps commander, Li Yuan entered Chang 'an as the prime minister and served as the secretary of the prime minister's office to join the army. He is knowledgeable and familiar with the laws and regulations of past dynasties. Li Yuan founded the Tang Dynasty, and he participated in the drafting of relevant documents. He is so popular that he is often called to Gaozu's bedroom for a long talk. His nephew, Dou Kang, was born as a Taoist priest and was the nephew of Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty. He was the secretariat of Liangzhou, qi zhou and Youzhou. After entering the Tang Dynasty, the official was a general and also a prime minister. Gaozu directly called him a brother, and everyone in the palace also called him Uncle Prince. Grandnephew Dou Dexuan is the prime minister of Emperor Gaozong. Dou Huaizhen, the son of Dexuan, is the official suggestion of Zhongzong, the chief history of Yongzheng, and Master Rui is the suggestion, with Pingzhang (prime minister). The second couplet refers to Dou Wu, a native of Ping Ling in the Eastern Han Dynasty, whose eldest daughter is Empress Huan. When Emperor Huan died, he welcomed Emperor Ling as a general, named Wen Xihou, and was in charge of state affairs. Mars, a celebrity associated with Imperial College and opposed to eunuchs, and others. Later, he conspired with Chen Fan and others to kill eunuchs, leaked secrets, and committed suicide after failure. He, Chen Fan and Liu Shu are also called "Three Kings".
Only drink water;
Lilly came across the canal.
-Anonymous "Dou Ancestral Hall General Union"
Couplets refer to Dou Chi, the father of Dou Wei in the early Tang Dynasty, who was resourceful in the Southern and Northern Dynasties and the Northern Zhou Dynasty. During the Western Wei Dynasty, yi zhu, an official in Zhige, also experienced the history of Gyeonggi and the former two states, and made many achievements. In the Northern Zhou Dynasty, he was the general of the official column country, sealed Deng Guogong and entered the column country; In the early years of the Sui Dynasty, the official was a teacher. When he took office in Yuanzhou, it was spring in the north of the city. He fetched water for himself and said, "I should only drink water in this state." The second couplet says that Yan Dou, a native of Chang 'an in Tang Dynasty, once crossed the canal for 30 miles to irrigate farmland. At that time, it was called "Gong Dou Canal".
Shao Kang;
The source is still there.
-Anonymous "Dou Ancestral Hall General Union"
The All-China Federation said that Princess Xia Dixiang was pregnant when she was killed, and she fled back to her family (now southeast of Jining, Shandong Province) and gave birth to Shao Kang. To commemorate this historical event of her ancestors, her son and grandson took Dou as their surname.
Hexi stone ze;
Zhang Wu's voice.
-Anonymous "Dou Ancestral Hall General Union"
The Chinese Federal Code refers to Dou Guangguo, a native of Hexi in the Han Dynasty, who sealed the marquis of Wu.
Yanshan Wugui;
Six Confucians in Sui Dynasty.
-Anonymous "Dou Ancestral Hall General Union"
The first couplet refers to the five generations of Dou Yu Jun, who had a righteous side, taught five sons, and was admitted to the master, known as Yanshan Dou Wugui. The second couplet is Sui, Dou and Dr. imperial academy, known as the "Six Confucianists".
A sense of brocade;
After throwing the bed, it will be strange.
-Anonymous "Dou Ancestral Hall General Union"
Couplets refer to Tao Dou's wife Su Hui, who weaves a palindrome poem for her husband. In the Sui Dynasty, Xue Daoheng wrote a poem: "The wife of the Jin Dou family." The second couplet refers to the age of one or two women in Sui Dou. I heard that my uncle Sui Wendi was given a Zen position in the Northern Zhou Dynasty, and the woman jumped under the bed and said, "I hate that I am not a man and can't save my uncle's family." Later generations married Li Yuan as the queen of Tang Gaozu.
-
Five-character couplet of Doushi Ancestral Hall
Castle peak on the sea;
Apricot trees are red by the stream.
-Gong Dou wrote the General Union for the Doushi Ancestral Hall.
This couplet was written by Yuan Hejin, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, in You Xian Dong.
-
Doushi Ancestral Hall Six-character Couplet
Talented men are all over the world;
Summer broadcast Kyushu.
-Anonymous "Dou Ancestral Hall General Union"
Couplets refer to Yan Dou, a historian in the early Song Dynasty, whose name was Wang Zhi, who was from Jizhou. He was a literary genius and worked as a historian in Jin, Han and Zhou Dynasties. In the early Song Dynasty, he served as assistant minister of does, and wrote many songs and posthumous title in the ancestral temple. They are called "gifted scholars". The second couplet refers to Dou Jiande, the leader of Hebei peasant uprising at the end of Sui Dynasty, and a native of Qinghe. In 6 18 ad, Xia was built with the name of Du Leshou. The following year, he moved to Los Angeles and was defeated by Li Shimin.
-
Seven-character couplet of Doushi Ancestral Hall
Guangpingzi was promoted to a bachelor's degree;
Zhang ye, a great teacher.
-Anonymous "Dou Ancestral Hall General Union"
The first couplet refers to Dou Mo, a doctor in Yuan Dynasty, who was born in Guangping. He used to be a lecturer of Hanlin Bachelor's degree, and was added to Zhaowen Museum in his later years. The second couplet refers to Dou Rong (BC 16-62), a minister of the Eastern Han Dynasty, who was named Duke Zhou and Ping Ling (now northwest of Xianyang, Shaanxi). When the new headstrong, general Shui Bo. Mang was defeated, and he led an army to Liu Xuan. Later, it was changed from Julu Taishou to Zhangye vassal state. Liu Xuangai joined forces with Jiuquan, Zhangye and Dunhuang to enfeoffment Hexi. He was promoted to general of five counties. Emperor Guangwu acceded to the throne, still belonging to the Han Dynasty. He broke himself, sealed an Fenghou, and was progressive.
Stegosaurus compiled history;
The classic guide to acupuncture is wonderful.
-Anonymous "Dou Ancestral Hall General Union"
The first couplet refers to Dou Yi, a minister in the Five Dynasties and the Early Song Dynasty, who is like Jizhou. Knowledgeable, he served in the post-Han Dynasty, then attacked the official position, entered the Song Dynasty, served as the minister of the Ministry of Industry, and was sentenced to Dali Temple. Later, he was a bachelor of Hanlin and a minister of rites. He has written Criminal System of Song Dynasty and Collection of Stegosaurus. The second deputy is Dou Mo, a medical scientist in Yuan Dynasty, who wrote Acupuncture Classics and Liu Zhu Yao Zhifu.
Milling awns reflect thousands of trees every day;
Drop by drop, the spring is empty.
-Anonymous "Dou Ancestral Hall General Union"
This couplet was written by Dou Shu, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, to "Qingyang Pavilion Looking at Jiuzi Mountain".
Brocade sends Lan Ruo's love;
The wonderful feeling of jumping into bed to see the queen.
-Anonymous "Dou Ancestral Hall General Union"
This couplet is the couplet of Dou Shi Ancestral Temple.
Defend the righteousness of ancestors and teach Ze;
May grandchildren learn books from generation to generation.
-Anonymous "Dou Ancestral Hall General Union"
This couplet is from Doushi Ancestral Hall in shizong county Village, Yunnan Province. In the early Qing Dynasty, when Dou Yunkai, the ancestor of the Dou family, led his son to move from Lvliang, he was poor and troubled, and thieves and bandits often made him restless. His son was robbed by robbers and sold to Manchuria barracks. He went through all kinds of hardships to redeem his son. The early weakness and long-term prosperity of the Dou family left a mystery in many people's hearts. In fact, Dou Yun, the hereditary commander-in-chief from generation to generation, and his children and grandchildren all know the truth that "if you are poor, you will change, if you change, you will pass, and the general rules will last for a long time". They clearly realized that from the Tang, Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties to their time, China implemented the imperial examination system of 1000 years, so reading and seeking knowledge became the main measure for them to make progress and get rich. They are determined to keep up with those who are wearing rice bowls and embroidered with official uniforms, so they will pay a huge price for their children and grandchildren to study and seek knowledge, so that they will go on one by one along the broad road of selecting officials in the imperial examination, towards the goal of birth, reward, promotion and Jinshi. Although they know in their hearts that a narrow imperial examination road often faces fierce competition from a wooden bridge with thousands of troops. As a result, this pair of couplets spread all over the Doushi family, as well as the ancestral motto of "look at the osmanthus trees around the corridor, repair them, repair others, and raise their roots." In fact, "10 years and 100 years" has also become the usual motto of the Dou clan.
-
Dou's Ancestral Hall has more than seven words.
Bachelor's degree, * * * Yang Liuru's reputation;
Wei Kegao, fighting for five guixinxiang.
-Anonymous "Dou Ancestral Hall General Union"
The first couplet refers to Dou Rongshi, a bachelor of Sui Dynasty, which is valued by the world. The second couplet shows that Dou Yi, Yan, Kan, Yuan and Nuo graduated from the Song Dynasty.
============================================================
Appendix: Dou's allusions and anecdotes
[smug]
"Self-satisfaction" originated from the Biography of Anhou written by Historical Records Wei.
During the Western Han Dynasty, Dou Ying, Wang Wei was the nephew of Dou Taihou, the mother of Liu Qi, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. Dou Taihou was very jealous of him because he opposed Liang Wang, whom Dou Taihou loved, as emperor. Dou Ying also refused to go to court on the grounds of illness.
In the third year of Xiaojing (BC 154), the seven kings, including the Prince of Wu, launched the "Seven Kingdoms Rebellion", and the court had to send Dou Ying as a general to counter the rebellion. Dou Ying put the daughter given by the emperor in the corridor and hall, and asked his men to get it according to their own contributions, but he left nothing behind. When he and Zhou Yafu crushed the armed rebellion of the Seven Kings, the emperor named him Wei Qihou. In this way, the court asked him to discuss with Zhou Yafu every time there was an important event, and the relationship between Dou Taihou and him gradually improved.
Xiao Jing became the teacher of Prince Li for four years. When Jingdi wanted to abolish Prince Li and set up a new Prince, he repeatedly remonstrated and argued for the Prince, but Jingdi was dissatisfied with him. Soon, Emperor Jing of Han Dynasty dismissed Liu She, the mediocre prime minister, and Dou Taihou repeatedly advised Emperor Jing of Han Dynasty to let Dou Ying be the prime minister. But Emperor Han Jingdi always disagreed. He said: "Wei Qihou is frivolous and complacent, too rash to be prime minister."
Later, people used "enjoying themselves" to describe their greatness and complacency.
-
[exclusive right of sinus]
The Eastern Han Dynasty and Emperor acceded to the throne, and Dou Taihou of Emperor Zhang became the Empress Dowager. Moreover, the emperor was only 10 years old, and the Dou family was called the dynasty. Dou Taihou's brothers Dou Xian, Dou Jing, Dou and others all hold important positions in North Korea. The Dou brothers did whatever they wanted, published personal vendettas, and anyone who was dissatisfied with their tyranny was forced to death. In the fourth year of Yongyuan, 14, when the old emperor, he conspired with eunuch Zheng Zhong to destroy the Doushi brothers. Dou's autocracy ended, but the eunuch's autocracy began, and the dispute between eunuch and consorts began.
-
Dou Ying's cleverness
I watched Hanwu the Great every day during this time. It's good. It is delicious.
The prince has completed the transformation from "Bill" to "Che Ling", showing a little edge. In yesterday's program, Liu Qi and Liu Che tacitly commented on Dou Ying. Jingdi Liu Qi is famous for being good at employing people. In Historical Records, Emperor Han Jingdi commented on Dou Ying: smug.
Dou Ying had ups and downs in the Wen Dynasty, but he was "too clever and too disloyal" and was not appointed for a long time. This sentence is very accurate and points out the contradiction of human nature to the point. Biography and history books have always felt that the loyalty of historical figures is the first. Dou Ying's personal life is a fool's pain. Despite his outstanding achievements, he is always dissatisfied with self-motivation. From a personal point of view, it is enough for a person to stand out from the crowd and comfort himself. It's a pity that things have changed, which is hardly satisfactory. What's more, Dou Ying had many twists and turns during his lifetime, and his reputation was mixed. Even after many years of his death, the debate is still endless.
Judging from Dou Ying's personal behavior, he did "do his best" and "do his best". If he is more loyal and less clever, maybe history will change for him. But as far as the environment and background of his life are concerned, there are indeed too many regrets, and so is the charm of history. Although it is difficult to change, there are still too many uncertainties, too many possibilities, and even many accidents, which have buried many possible reverie. Dou Ying's cleverness may be the evidence of "adding wings to a tiger", and the latitude and flexibility of historical research are just here. It is the questioning of these too many possibilities and even hypotheses that gets closer to the origin of history, clarifies the internal context of history, and highlights the true historical significance and practical value of history.
Some people say that China people lack great wisdom, but only have small cleverness, including great men like Dou Ying. If you read his biography, you will admire it, but you also feel that it did not go beyond the circle of traditional people in China-it may have a temporary effect on saving people's hearts at that time, but it was impossible to save China. If we look at the situation in which the emperor and the empress dowager met and responded in the TV series, we will find that being clever is far from the bearing and wisdom of the generals in the rear when the rebellion of the Seven Kingdoms was suppressed.
Cleverness can only last for a while, not for a lifetime.
-
Dou Rong manages five counties in Hexi.
History is a treasure house, and its richness is inexhaustible? History is also a mirror, which plays an important role in making the past serve the present. From the collapse of Wang Mang's new dynasty (AD 23) to the 12th year of Jianwu (AD 36), Dou Rong managed Wuwei, Zhangye, Jiuquan, Dunhuang and Jincheng counties in the west of the Yellow River in the name of the general of five counties in Hexi, for a total of fourteen years. Today, Dou Rong's governance of five counties in Hexi objectively plays a connecting role, and its historical reference value has always been valued by people.
First, take measures to stabilize society.
When Du Rong was in charge of the five counties in Hexi, he faced extremely severe external environment? Xiao Wei claimed to be the King of Longyou, and Fang Lu and Xiongnu allied forces harassed and plundered the northern border? Qiang people plundered Jincheng Longxi? Xiongnu threatened the caves of all ethnic groups in the western regions, and the gates of Hexi counties were often closed during the day. Under such a severe political situation, Dou Rong first used political tactics to stabilize the society in Hexi area, changed the situation that all counties in Hexi were in balance and fragmented, made himself a general in five counties in Hexi, concentrated political, economic and military power in his own hands, and took the heroes and celebrities of all counties under his command, forming a relatively stable political group, which politicized the activities of operating Hexi. Secondly, Dou Rong greatly expanded its infantry and cavalry from the beginning, and constantly strengthened its military strength. On weekdays, "raising horses", but in wartime, with the county chief * * *, they won many battles, thus making the five counties in Hexi appear the situation of "military forces not moving". Third, in order to defend the Qiang people in the south, the Xiongnu people in the north and the nationalities in the western regions, we have improved the border defense alert system composed of military institutions such as counties, prefectures, fortresses, ministries and Sui, and formulated and strictly implemented the border defense regulations of the Border Fire Fighting Treaty, creating good conditions for ensuring social stability and residents' safe production.
Second, multi-party production activities.
Dou Rong has carried out various production activities in Hexi area according to local conditions. In agricultural production, Dou Rong divides local counties and the army into two management systems. There are "farmers" at the county level and "field officials" at the county level. These agricultural officials are specifically responsible for farming. In the military system, the military camp system is implemented, and the specific reclamation affairs are managed by officers. At that time, there were more than 20 varieties of crops planted in Hexi area, which can be roughly divided into four categories: wheat, rice, cereals and beans, and its situation can keep pace with the Central Plains area with developed agricultural economy.
Since ancient times, there are few trees in five counties of Hexi, and natural oases are often attacked by sandstorms. At that time, people were concerned about the protection of vegetation. During the period of Dou Rong, we used to take strict measures to protect the environment, and started with the protection of trees to protect the ecological environment, which set an example for us in history. In order to develop animal husbandry in five counties, the presidential system once set up a "pastoral garden" to take charge of animal husbandry affairs, and at the same time issued a decree prohibiting the killing of cattle and horses and protecting draught animals. In the 12th year of Jianwu (AD 36), when Dou Rong and others went to Luoyang to meet Emperor Guangwu, there were many horses, cows and sheep on the road, and more than 4,000 horse-drawn carts were used.
During the operation of Dou Rong, the transportation industry has developed greatly, and horse-drawn wooden carts have become the main means of transportation. In the eighth year of Jianwu (AD 32), when Dou Rong attacked Xiao Wei, he dispatched more than 5,000 horse-drawn unicycles to transport the trench. Commercial trade has also developed significantly. Only in ancient Tibet (now Wuwei city), a special market was set up for Han and minority residents to trade goods, and it was opened four times a day, which shows the prosperity of its trading.
Third, implement the ethnic policy of "reconciliation".
Dou Rong adopted a "lenient" policy towards the Qiang, Xiaoyue, Qinhu (descendants of Xiongnu Qin) and Lushui Hu (ethnic minorities in the upper and middle reaches of Heihe River) in five counties in Hexi. On the one hand, he called on nomadic people to settle down and farm, on the other hand, he gave policy protection to their livestock and prohibited the recruitment of cattle and horses from ethnic minorities. At that time, Dou Rong also allowed ethnic minorities to participate in commodity trading activities in the ancient Tibetan market, which won the favor and support of ethnic minorities.
Dou Rong's painstaking efforts have made the five counties in Hexi stable, and "the grain is abundant in warehouses, and the people are rich and the people are strong". The above outstanding achievements show that Shangdong's governance of five counties in Hexi is a successful example of the development of the western region, which is worth studying and learning from today.
-
< From the picture of "Cave Bird" by Dou.
Out of the book of the old Tang Dynasty, Dou Taihou's Family Biography of Mao Tai Mu.
According to this story, Dou Shi (Li Yuan), Queen of Tang Gaozu, was the daughter of Dou Yi, Duke of Dingzhou Secretariat in Sui Dynasty. Dou's mother is princess royal, a native of Xiangyang, the elder sister of Emperor Wu of Zhou Dynasty (North). When Dou was born, his hair hung down his neck. At the age of 3, my hair has grown to be as long as my body. Emperor Wu of Zhou especially loved and valued her and locked her in the palace. At that time, Emperor Wu of Zhou married a Turkic woman as the queen, which was not very graceful. Dou was still young and quietly said to Emperor Wu of Zhou: "At present, the country is unstable on all sides and the Turks are still very strong. I hope my uncle will restrain his feelings, comfort the queen and think about the whole world. " As long as the Turks help, Jiangnan and kanto region will not be a problem. "Emperor Wu of Zhou believed her suggestion and adopted it without reservation. Dou Yi, the father of the Dou family, heard the news and said to his wife, princess royal, "This daughter is so outstanding in talent and appearance, don't give it to others casually. She should find a virtuous husband. "So, draw two peacocks on the screen in front of the door. When the son comes to propose marriage, he will give each person two arrows, stipulating that whoever can shoot the peacock in the eye will get married. Dozens of people failed to shoot before and after. Tang Gaozu (Tang Gaozu) was a young man at that time, and he proposed later than others. He shot two arrows, each of which hit the peacock in the eye. Dou Yi was very happy and betrothed her daughter to him.
"Choose among birds" comes from this story. People use it to mean choosing a husband and getting married.
Old Tang Book, Dou Taihou's Family Biography of Mao Tai Mu;
Mao Dou Taihou, a native of Shiping, Jingzhao, was the daughter of Gongyi. Stepmother, sister of Emperor Wu of Zhou, Xiangyang, princess royal. He hung around his neck after he was born, and when he was three years old, he was integrated with his body. Emperor Wu of Zhou loved it very much and raised it in the palace. At that time, Emperor Wu accepted the Turkic woman as the queen, but she was still young. She secretly said to the emperor: "The four directions are not quiet, but the Turks are still strong. May my uncle restrain his feelings, comfort him and think about his life. However, with the help of Turks, Jiangnan and Kanto cannot suffer. " Emperor Wu accepted it deeply. When Yi heard this, he said to princess royal, "This woman is so talented, you should not be insincere, but find a virtuous husband." Just draw two peacocks on the door curtain. The prince has suitors, so he needs to shoot them with two arrows, and the one who stole his eye will succeed. Dozens of generations before and after can't be in the middle, and high impedance will arrive later. Two shots will be shot in one eye each. Yi Dayue returned my emperor.
-