Financial management has a long history, but the term "financial management" has gradually become a hot topic in people's economic life in recent years. With the development of market economy, financial management has attracted more and more attention. It runs through people's life and involves all aspects of life. People are more and more deeply aware of the importance of financial management. With the rapid development of the global economy, various financial management tools emerge in an endless stream, and the financial management methods are also extremely diverse. But the most representative are financial instruments, such as funds, bonds, foreign exchange, stocks and insurance. This paper discusses the development history of financial management and the characteristics and functions of various financial management tools, and draws lessons from my own experience in investment and financial management to analyze how to achieve financial management goals reasonably and effectively through investment.