Wood is a kind of natural organic material, which has obvious biological characteristics and is easily invaded by bacteria, insects, marine moths and other organisms. Before use, according to different application environments, selecting appropriate preservatives and proper treatment can effectively delay wood decay. With the improvement of people's living standards, the demand for wood is also increasing. The forest resources that can be harvested and utilized in China are very limited, so it is unrealistic to hope to import wood with a large amount of foreign exchange. Making full use of existing resources and taking the road of sustainable development is the only way for the development of timber industry in China. Preserving wood and prolonging the service life of wood products is one of the important ways to save wood and protect forest resources. At present, there are few wood used after antiseptic treatment in China, and most of them use traditional wood preservatives harmful to human beings and the environment. Therefore, it is very necessary to understand the progress of wood preservatives and research and develop new wood preservatives.

Up to now, the most commonly used method to prevent wood rot is to use chemical reagents to prevent corrosion. At present, water-soluble preservatives are the most widely used, accounting for about 3/4 of the total preservatives [1]. Because arsenic and hexavalent chromium contained in chromized copper arsenate are highly carcinogenic to human storage and pollute the environment, they are gradually replaced by ACQ. ACQ has the following advantages: 1) It has good anti-mildew, anti-corrosion and anti-insect performance; 2) It has good permeability to wood, and can be used to treat large-size and refractory wood and wood products; 3) anti-leakage, with long-term effect; 4) Low toxicity and no substances harmful to people and animals such as arsenic, chromium and phenol. ACQ has been widely used in the United States, Japan and China.

Because the action range of a single preservative on wood rot fungi and insects is relatively narrow, two or more preservatives are generally mixed in a certain proportion, which can not only overcome the shortcomings of a single preservative, but also produce some new characteristics. Nowadays, compound preservatives have been widely used all over the world and achieved good results.

Due to the shortcomings of traditional preservatives, people are forced to study and find new preservatives that are harmless to people and animals, pollution-free to the environment and toxic only to microorganisms. There are many preservatives that meet the above requirements, among which ammonia-soluble copper alkyl amine (ACQ), boride, copper dimethyl dithiocarbamate (CDDC), oil-soluble chlorothalonil (CTL) and organic iodide (IPBC) are widely studied.