Bank loans are mainly divided into the following six types:
1, which can be divided into short-term loans, medium-term loans and long-term loans according to the repayment period;
2. According to different repayment methods, it can be divided into demand loans, term loans and overdrafts;
3. According to the purpose or object of the loan, it can be divided into industrial and commercial loans, agricultural loans, consumer loans and securities broker loans.
4. According to the different loan guarantee conditions, it can be divided into bill discount loan, bill mortgage loan, commodity mortgage loan and credit loan.
5. According to the loan scale, it can be divided into wholesale loans and retail loans;
6. According to the different ways of interest rate agreement, it can be divided into fixed interest rate loans and floating interest rate loans.
Repayment method
(1) Equal principal and interest repayment method: equal repayment every month, the sum of loan principal and interest. Most banks have adopted this method for housing provident fund loans and commercial personal housing loans. So the monthly repayment amount is the same;
(2) average capital repayment method: that is, the borrower distributes the loan amount to each period (month) evenly throughout the repayment period and pays off the loan interest from the previous trading day to the repayment date. In this way, the monthly repayment amount decreases month by month;
(3) Paying interest and principal on a monthly basis: that is, the borrower repays the loan principal in one lump sum on the loan maturity date (applicable to loans with a term of less than one year (including one year)), and the loan bears interest on a daily basis and the interest is repaid on a monthly basis;
(4) Repay part of the loan in advance: that is, the borrower can repay part of the loan amount in advance when applying to the bank, which is generally an integer multiple of 65,438+0,000 or 65,438+0,000. After repayment, the lending bank will issue a new repayment plan, and the repayment amount and repayment period will change, but the repayment method will remain unchanged, and the new repayment period shall not exceed the original loan period.
(5) prepayment of all loans: that is, the borrower can repay all the loan amount in advance when applying to the bank, and the loan bank will terminate the borrower's loan at this time after repayment and handle the corresponding cancellation procedures.
(6) Pay back as you borrow: interest is calculated on a daily basis after borrowing, and interest is calculated on a daily basis. You can pay the money in one lump sum at any time without any penalty.
Legal basis:
People's Bank of China on Printing and Distributing "
Twentieth short-term loans (term less than one year, including one year), according to the legal loan interest rate of the corresponding grade on the date of signing the loan contract. During the loan contract period, in case of interest rate adjustment, interest will not be calculated by installments.
Short-term loans are settled quarterly, and the 20th day of the last month of each quarter is the settlement date; If the interest is settled on a monthly basis, the 20th of each month is the interest settlement date. The specific interest settlement method shall be determined by the borrower and the lender through consultation. Interest that cannot be paid on schedule during the loan period shall be compounded quarterly or monthly according to the loan contract interest rate, and after loans overdue, at the default interest rate. When the last loan is paid off, the profit will be paid off with the principal.
Twenty-first medium and long-term loans (with a term of more than one year) have a fixed interest rate of one year. The loan (including all the funds that should be allocated by installments within one year from the effective date of the loan contract) bears interest according to the legal loan interest rate of the corresponding grade on the effective date of the loan contract, and one year later, the interest rate of the next year is determined according to the legal loan interest rate of the corresponding grade at that time (the first loan is paid by installments). Medium and long-term loans are settled quarterly, and the 20th of the last month of each quarter is the settlement date. The interest that cannot be paid on schedule during the loan period shall be compounded quarterly according to the contract interest rate, and after loans overdue, it shall be compounded at the default interest rate.
Twenty-fifth overdue loans or misappropriation of loans, from the date of overdue or misappropriation, interest will be calculated at the default interest rate until the principal and interest are fully paid off. In case of adjustment of the default interest rate, interest will be calculated in stages. Interest that cannot be paid on schedule during loans overdue or misappropriation shall be compounded quarterly (short-term loans can also be monthly) according to the penalty interest rate. Just like loans overdue's misappropriation, we should choose carefully and not combine.