The operation modes of logistics finance mainly include pledge, guarantee and advance payment. In the actual operation process, it may be a mixture of various modes. For example, when picking up the goods, the logistics enterprise first pays part of the money to the supplier, and part of the warehouse receipt is pledged, and then settles together after receiving the goods. It can not only eliminate the trouble of the manufacturer's capital backlog, but also reassure buyers and sellers. Capital can be provided by the bank, and if the logistics enterprise has sufficient funds, it can also be fully funded by the logistics enterprise.
2 Logistics enterprises to carry out logistics finance needs
2. 1 The need for the survival and development of enterprises in the supply chain
There is a large amount of inventory in the whole supply chain process from raw material manufacturing to final consumers. Although reasonable inventory can meet the needs of customers and cope with the mismatch between supply cycle and manufacturing cycle, inventory means corresponding capital cost. The biggest threat faced by enterprises in the development process is the lack of liquidity, and the large amount of funds occupied by inventory may make enterprises fall into the predicament of insufficient liquidity. The risk of insufficient funds is more obvious in the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, which often becomes the bottleneck restricting their development. Lack of credit funds and capital market financing capacity make many enterprises need to use inventory financing.
2.2 Reduce the financing cost of the capital demander.
The operation process of capital flow is very complicated. In order to avoid risks, suppliers and consumers mostly trade through banks by virtue of their credit status. This method is not only cumbersome, but also produces unnecessary costs-interest costs brought by the backlog of funds, operating costs brought by the establishment of collection centers, and increasing the capital turnover burden of small and medium-sized enterprises.
2.3 the need to reduce the risk of financial institutions
In actual financing activities, how to reduce risks is the most important for financial institutions, and the institutions that control enterprise logistics activities should become the most direct and effective spokespersons. There are several ways for enterprises to trade property rights and management rights, such as separation, merger, merger, reorganization, custody, joint venture, etc., but the circulation channels as actual commodities remain unchanged.
As a financial institution, in order to control risks, banks need to know the specifications, models, quality, original price and net value, sales area and underwriters of products. Collateral and pledge, and look at the original title certificate to distinguish authenticity. These tasks are not only time-consuming and laborious, but also beyond the daily business scope of financial institutions.
2.4 The need for logistics enterprises to gain new competitive advantages
Logistics finance business enables logistics enterprises to control the whole supply chain, ensure the transportation quality of special products and stabilize customers for a long time. With the development of supply chain management mode, enterprises gradually turn to emphasize the integration across enterprise boundaries, which makes the maintenance and management of customer relationship more and more important. Logistics management has been upgraded from the disposal of goods to the value-added scheme management of goods. The position of logistics suppliers who can provide financial financing for customers will be greatly improved in the hearts of customers, and logistics finance will help to form the competitive advantage of logistics enterprises.
3 logistics enterprises to carry out financial services problems and countermeasures
3. 1 Problems that Logistics Enterprises Should Pay Attention to in Developing Financial Services
It is a win-win choice for logistics enterprises to carry out logistics financial services, whether for customers, financial institutions, customers or logistics enterprises themselves. However, as the main body of logistics financial services, we must pay attention to the following issues:
3. 1. 1 logistics financial service risk. There are certain risks in logistics financial services. For example, there are five potential risks in warehouse receipt pledge business: first, customer credit risk. Be careful when choosing customers, and examine their business ability, business volume and legitimacy of supply (smuggled goods are at risk of being confiscated); When rolling extraction, it is easy to make up for the bad, and there is a risk of bad goods; There is also the quality risk of shoddy. The second is warehouse receipt risk. At present, the system mostly uses warehouse receipts as collateral, which is the same as warehouse receipts. However, warehouse receipts are both securities and property certificates, so there must be scientific management procedures to ensure the uniqueness of warehouse receipts and property certificates ...
Question 2: What types of logistics financial services include? 1.
This is the most common in logistics, and the service charge is generally between 0.3% and 0.5%.
Mainly the difference between centralized transfer by branches and direct cash payment.
2. Logistics finance
Instead of just carrying customers' goods, they act as similar middlemen, sign contracts with manufacturers, and pay for the goods in advance, and then dealers or agents pick up the goods in the warehouse of logistics companies and pay for the goods. In addition to collecting the profits paid on behalf of them, they also earn profits from some products.
3. others,
Such as logistics and real estate.
Question 3: What aspects does logistics warehousing management include? What is the basic task of warehouse management?
The basic tasks of warehouse management include the following aspects: (1) Reasonable planning of warehouse facilities network. (2) Reasonable selection of storage facilities and equipment. (3) Strictly control the quality of incoming and outgoing goods. (4) Take good care of the goods in stock. (5) Ensure the efficient operation of the warehouse. (6) Reduce the storage operation cost. (7) Ensure the safe operation of the warehouse.
What requirements should the general layout of the warehouse meet?
The general layout of the warehouse shall meet the following requirements: (1) Comply with the laws and regulations of various buildings and facilities planning; (2) Meet the requirements of warehouse operation fluency and avoid circuitous transportation of repeated handling; (3) Ensure the storage safety of commodities; (4) Ensure safe operation; (5) Maximize the warehouse area; (6) It is beneficial to make full use of warehouse facilities and mechanical equipment; (7) Comply with safety and fire control requirements; (8) Consider the requirements of warehouse expansion.
What is a bonded warehouse? What goods can be stored in a bonded warehouse?
Bonded warehouse is a place approved by the customs to store imported goods under the supervision of the customs. Scope of goods stored in bonded warehouse: (1) Imported goods subject to deferred tax payment procedures, including maintenance spare parts imported on consignment, duty-free foreign exchange goods and goods for sale required by bonded means of production market. (2) Commodities requiring imported technology for processing.
Some commodities need to be packaged, decorated and processed. Because it is not suitable for sale in the importing country, it can be processed in the bonded warehouse, sold in the domestic market after meeting the requirements of the importing country, and returned or transshipped to other countries duty-free if it does not meet the requirements. (3) Spare parts needed for processing trade (processing assembly and feed processing) Spare parts needed for processing trade (processing assembly and feed processing) can be stored in bonded warehouses. (4) Transit and re-export goods, including goods received and temporarily stored by foreign businessmen, goods in re-export trade, fuel and spare parts used by ships sailing internationally, duty-free goods sold in duty-free shops, etc.
What are the main responsibilities of the internal logistics center?
The main responsibilities of the internal logistics center are: (1) to formulate and improve the management system of logistics business; (2) according to the requirements of the overall goal of the enterprise, formulate the business objectives and logistics plan of the department; (3) Supervise and coordinate the daily business activities of each business link of the department as planned; (4) To achieve business objectives and planned tasks, formulate corresponding strategies and measures; (5) Planning and perfecting the enterprise logistics system; (6) conduct employee training; (7) Develop and consolidate long-term friendly cooperative relations with suppliers and users; (8) Evaluate the implementation of the plan.
What is the purpose of warehouse inventory operation? What are the processes of inventory work?
(1) The purpose of warehouse inventory: ① Confirm the actual inventory quantity. ② Find out the book profit and loss of the warehouse. (3) Found problems in warehouse management. (2) Contents of inventory operation: ① Determine the procedures and specific methods of inventory. ② Cooperate with financial accounting to make preparations. ③ Design and print various inventory forms ④ Basic tools for inventory preparation.
What is logistics barcode? What are the characteristics of logistics bar code? (P223) Logistics barcode is a special code used to identify specific objects in the logistics field in the supply chain, and it is the shared data of the whole supply chain process, including suppliers, manufacturers, sellers, users and third-party logistics.
The logistics bar code has the following characteristics: (1) the unique identification of the storage and transportation unit. Logistics bar code is the only identification of storage and transportation units, which is usually used to identify the * * * number of various goods and is used in modern logistics management. (2) The whole process of service supply chain. Logistics bar code serves the whole process of supply chain: the products produced by manufacturers go through several links after packaging, transportation, warehousing, sorting and distribution, and logistics bar code is the only symbol in these links, so it covers a wider range and is public data enjoyed by many industries. (3) More information. (4) variability. (5) maintainability.
What are the specific aspects of the importance of logistics standardization?
The importance of logistics standardization lies in: (1) Logistics standardization is an important means and necessary condition to realize the modernization of logistics management. (2) Logistics standardization is an integral part of product quality. (3) Logistics standardization is an effective measure to reduce logistics costs and improve logistics efficiency. (4) Logistics standardization is an important guarantee to eliminate trade barriers and promote the development of international trade.
What is the main reason for returning goods under normal circumstances?
(1) Agreement return. (2) Returns with quality problems. (3) Return the damaged goods during handling. (4) Overdue return. (5) The goods were sent back by mistake.
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Question 4: 1. What is supply chain finance and how is it different from logistics finance? Supply chain finance means that banks manage the capital flow and logistics of upstream and downstream small and medium-sized enterprises around the core enterprises, transforming the uncontrollable risk of a single enterprise into the controllable risk of the whole supply chain enterprise, obtaining all kinds of information in a three-dimensional way, and controlling the risk to the lowest financial service. Banks provide customers (core enterprises) with settlement and wealth management services such as financing, and at the same time provide convenience for suppliers of these customers to receive loans in time, or provide prepaid payment and inventory financing services for their distributors. (Simply put, it is a financing mode in which banks link core enterprises with upstream and downstream enterprises to provide flexible financial products and services. )
Logistics finance refers to the movement of effectively organizing and regulating monetary funds in the logistics field through the application and development of various financial products in the operation process facing the logistics industry. These capital flows include various deposits, loans, investments, trusts, leases, mortgages, discounting, insurance, securities issuance and trading, and various intermediary businesses involving the logistics industry handled by financial institutions. Logistics finance is a financial business that provides financing, settlement and insurance services for the logistics industry. It is produced with the development of logistics industry. Logistics finance involves three subjects: logistics enterprises, customers and financial institutions, and logistics enterprises and financial institutions unite to provide financing for capital demand-side enterprises. The development of logistics finance has a very urgent practical demand for these three parties. The close combination of logistics and finance can strongly support the circulation of social goods and promote the smooth reform of the circulation system. Logistics finance is becoming an important financial business of domestic banks, and gradually shows its role.
The biggest difference between the two:
Supply chain finance is a financial support given to a core enterprise in the supply chain, which tends to participate in product manufacturing, circulation and processing.
Logistics finance is a financial product for logistics enterprises and even an enterprise in the logistics industry.
Question 5: What does logistics quality include? The concept of logistics quality includes not only the quality of logistics objects, but also the quality of logistics means and methods, and also the quality of work, so it is a comprehensive quality concept.
Question 6: What are the jobs of logistics? What do you mainly do? There are many jobs in logistics companies, but there are definitely administrative, personnel, customer service, accounting and cashier in the office, and not all of them are recruited:
Administrative personnel: generally, it is required to have at least 1-2 years working experience in the same position, be familiar with the work of various administrative personnel, and be familiar with the handling of vehicle certificates;
Customer service: at least 1 year working experience in the same position, familiar with vehicle insurance claims;
Accounting cashier: accounting certificate is required, and working experience 1 year or above;
Drivers and shippers are often recruited, so there are different requirements:
Driver: Generally, it is required to be above Grade B, familiar with local routes, and some require more than 2 years of driver qualification certificate, depending on different companies;
Shipper: Generally speaking, it is enough to be familiar with the consignment work.
If this logistics company still has warehouses, then there are forklift drivers and warehouse administrators. If this company still has contracted packaging, it will often recruit packers.
Question 7: What are the main contents of logistics laws and regulations? 1. Characteristics of logistics service contracts.
(1) The logistics contract is a two-way contract; (2) The logistics contract is a paid contract; (3) The logistics contract is not a trial contract; (4) Logistics contract is a commitment contract; (5) Logistics service contract is a labor service contract; (6)
Logistics service contract has the nature of binding the third party. Second, the conditions for the establishment of a partnership enterprise
(1 There are two or more partners, all of whom shall bear unlimited liability according to law. (3) A logistics enterprise is an enterprise legal person with the ability to provide circulation services for materials.
6. The concept of contract conclusion
The conclusion of a contract refers to a legal act in which two or more parties reach an agreement on the main terms of the contract through consultation according to law. The situation of concluding a contract is a way to clarify the mutual rights and obligations of both parties to the contract, and it is the external performance of the agreement between the two parties.
(2) Having a written partnership agreement; (3) The amount of capital contribution actually paid by each partner; (4) Having the name of the partnership enterprise; (5) Having business premises and necessary conditions for engaging in partnership operation.
Third, the legal characteristics of the sales contract
(1) The sales contract is a paid contract; (2) The sales contract is a two-way contract; (3) The sales contract is a non-commitment contract; (4) The sales contract is a non-commitment contract.
Acceptance is the expression of the intention of the offeree to agree to the offer. Confirm with him when the promise comes into effect.
Conditions of consent; First of all, it must be made by the offeree. Second, it must be made to the offeror. Third, the content of acceptance should be consistent with the content of offer. Fourth, it must be made within the prescribed time limit.
Verb (short for verb) bill of lading
A bill of lading refers to a document that proves that the contract of carriage of goods by sea and the goods have been received or loaded by the carrier, and the carrier keeps the evidence of delivery of the goods. Function (1) is contract voucher (2) is goods receipt.
(3) It is a document of rights.
The legal characteristics of intransitive verb trusteeship contract 1. Custody contracts are generally practical contracts.
2. The custody contract can be a free contract or a paid contract, and whether it is paid or not shall be agreed by both parties.
3. The custody contract is unnecessary. The purpose of custody contract is to keep the articles. 5. The articles in the custody contract can be movable or immovable. 7. Legal characteristics of warehousing contracts.
1. The custodian of the warehousing contract must be the warehousing operator. 2. The warehousing contract is a paid contract for both parties. 3. The warehousing contract is a non-contractual contract.
4. The delivery and return of the goods in the warehousing contract is based on the warehouse receipt.
5. The goods kept in the warehousing contract are specific or specific varieties. 6. The warehousing contract is generally a format contract. 8. The validity period of the warehouse receipt; (1) Effectiveness of extracting warehouse (2) Effectiveness of transferring warehouse ownership.
(3) the concept of quality effectiveness-logistics method
Logistics law refers to the general name of legal norms regulating social relations related to logistics activities, and the meaning of logistics service contract.
Refers to the agreement between the third-party logistics enterprise and other enterprises, that is, the third-party logistics enterprise will design the logistics system for the latter, or be responsible for the management and operation of the whole logistics system of the latter, and assume the responsibility of system operation. The latter pays the logistics service fee to the third-party logistics enterprise.
Third, the concept of limited liability company
It refers to an enterprise as a legal person composed of shareholders who meet the statutory requirements. Each shareholder is liable to the company within the limit of the capital contribution subscribed, and the company is liable to the company's debts with all its assets. four
The concept of a company limited by shares
Refers to the meaning of Company 5. A logistics enterprise consists of a quorum of shareholders, whose capital is equal shares. Shareholders are liable for the company's financial liabilities to the extent of their shares, and the company is liable for the company's debts with all its assets.
Logistics enterprises refer to all kinds of business activities related to commodities, which are independently operated according to law, responsible for their own profits and losses, and have legal personality. Legal characteristics;
(1) Logistics enterprises are organizational units specialized in various business activities related to the circulation of materials and materials.
(2) Logistics enterprises are self-employed, self-financing, profit-making organizations that create social wealth.
Refers to the legal document issued by the warehouse keeper to the depositor when receiving the goods, indicating that a certain number of goods have been received and representing the corresponding property ownership.
The concept of processing contract
Refers to a contract in which one party completes certain work according to the special requirements of the other party and delivers the work results to the other party, and the other party accepts the work results and pays the remuneration according to the agreement. *
The concept of contract of carriage of goods
It means that the carrier delivers the goods within the agreed time limit ... >>
Question 8: What are the basic functions of enterprise logistics operation? The basic functions of enterprise logistics operation include five aspects:
They are network design, information, transportation, inventory, warehousing, material handling and packaging. The comprehensive ability of enterprise logistics is realized through the coordination of these five functions.
1, network design function.
Network design is a basic function of logistics management. Typical logistics facilities include manufacturing plants, warehouses, transshipment facilities and distributors. Network design should determine the number and location of various facilities needed to complete logistics work, and also determine the type and quantity of inventory to be stored in each facility, and arrange where customers' orders are sent. The network of logistics facilities forms the framework structure of logistics operation. Therefore, the network also integrates information and transportation functions, and also includes specific work related to order processing, inventory management and material processing.
In the current dynamic competitive market environment, product classification, customer supply and manufacturing demand are constantly changing, so enterprises must constantly modify the facility network to adapt to the changes in supply and demand structure. At the same time, with the passage of time, enterprises should re-evaluate all facilities to determine whether their positioning can still meet the needs of market changes. In essence, when an enterprise chooses an advantage network, it has a competitive advantage, and the efficiency of logistics directly depends on and is restricted by the network structure of logistics.
2. Information function.
The quality of information in logistics operation is very critical. There are two kinds of information quality problems:
First, the trend forecast information is inaccurate. Because a large number of logistics activities occur according to future demand, inaccurate judgment or prediction will lead to inventory shortage or surplus; However, an overly optimistic forecast will lead to inappropriate inventory.
Second, the information of order processing is inaccurate. When dealing with inaccurate orders, all logistics costs will be incurred, but the final sales are not completed. Therefore, every error in information will cause hidden dangers to the whole supply chain.
Information-dependent tasks in logistics are mainly logistics forecasting and order management. Logistics forecast should estimate future demand to guide inventory positioning and meet customers' expected demand. The job of the order management department is to deal with the needs of specific customers. Customer placing orders is a major transaction activity in logistics activities. Logistics serves both external customers and internal customers. External customers are customers of consumer goods or services, and trading partners or distributors who buy products or services first and then sell them. Internal customers refer to organizational units that need logistics support to undertake their distribution work. The order management process involves all aspects of managing customer needs, from the initial acceptance of orders to delivery, invoicing and general collection. The logistics capability of an enterprise is actually closely related to its order management function. The more effective the logistics system design of an enterprise is, the more sensitive it is to the accuracy of information. Information flow reflects the dynamic form of a logistics system. Incorrect information and information delay in order processing will weaken logistics efficiency.
Therefore, the quality and timeliness of logistics information are the key factors of logistics operation.
3. Transport function.
From the perspective of logistics system, the three major factors that affect transportation are cost, speed and consistency. Transportation cost refers to the money paid for transportation between two geographical locations, as well as administrative management fees and maintenance fees related to in-transit inventory. The design of logistics system should consider the mode of transportation that can minimize the total cost of the system. However, the lowest cost transportation may not necessarily minimize the total cost. Transportation speed refers to the time required to complete a specific transportation.
Transportation speed is related to cost, mainly in the following two aspects:
First, the faster the transportation speed, the higher the freight rate;
Second, the faster the transportation speed, the less in-transit inventory, and the shorter the time for goods to complete consumption preparation. When choosing the best mode of transportation, the key problem is how to balance the speed and cost of transportation services. Transportation consistency refers to the variability of the time required for several shipments when completing a specific order, which reflects the reliability of transportation. If there is a lack of consistency in transportation, it is necessary to reserve safety stocks in case of accidents.
4. Inventory function.
The inventory demand of an enterprise depends on the network structure and the expected customer service level. A good inventory management policy is based on five aspects, namely, customer segmentation, product demand, transportation integration, time requirement and competitive performance.
High-yield customers constitute the core market of enterprises, and the key to effective segmentation of logistics lies in giving priority to these core customers to meet their needs. In addition, when choosing the inventory policy, we must consider the profitability of different products. & gt
Question 9: Does Yunjin do logistics finance and logistics loans? What's the difference with Jin Lu? Yunjinyuan is engaged in this. The difference with lufax should be different from its business. It is completely aimed at the logistics industry.
Question 10: What logistics financial models can make logistics enterprises play an important role? In fact, since it is called logistics integration, the role of logistics enterprises must be the protagonist. Therefore, as long as the word is involved, logistics enterprises are indispensable.