Shen Congwen 14 years old joined the army after graduating from high school, 15 years old went out with the army, worked as a staff sergeant, and later worked as a slaughter tax collector in the city with the army in the name of secretary. Seeing the darkness of the world produces disgust. After coming into contact with new literature, I went to Beijing in 1923, but failed to enter the university. In my embarrassment, I began to write under the pseudonym "Hugh Yunyun". From the 1930s, he began to construct his "Xiangxi World" with novels, and completed a series of representative works, such as Border Town and Long River. Prose collection "Xiang Xing San Ji". He examined the present situation of the confrontation between urban and rural areas at that time from the subjective perspective of "country people" and criticized the ugliness of modern civilization in the process of entering China. This concept, which is contrary to the new literature masters, greatly enriched the expression scope of modern novels.
There are more than 80 collections created by Shen Congwen in his life, which is the largest number of books among modern writers. The early novels include Mandarin Orange, After the Rain and Others, Love of the Witch, etc. The basic theme has been seen, but the two clues of urban and rural areas are still unclear, the description of gender relations is shallow, and the purity of literature is also poor. After 1930s, his works were remarkably mature, and his major novels included Dragon Ball, Hotels and Others, Stone Boat, Tiger Young, A Black Miniature Story, Scenery under the Moon, Eight Horses, Ru rui Collection, Selected Works of Literary Novels, New and Old, Housewives Collection. Because of his unique writing style, Shen Congwen is known as the "father of local literature" in China literary world.
From works to theory, Shen Congwen later completed his series of Xiangxi, the beauty of rural life forms, and the synthesis of critical structure with its contrast urban life forms, and put forward his philosophy of "harmony between man and nature", which is based on nature and returns to nature. The healthy and perfect human nature represented by "Xiangxi", a "beautiful and healthy and natural life form, but not inconsistent with human nature", is exactly the content of all his creations.
Historical research
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Mr. Zhou Xinguo worked in the Museum of Chinese History and the Institute of History of China Academy of Social Sciences, mainly engaged in the study of ancient Chinese costumes. In 198 1 year, he published a monograph on the study of ancient Chinese costumes, which lasted for 15 years. The book "Wuling Treasures" by Mr. Zhou Xinguo of Hunan Province also records that Shen Congwen mainly engaged in the study of ancient history and culture in his later years, and points out Shen Congwen's achievements in the study of ancient history and culture in his later years. In the study of China ancient bronze mirrors in the Warring States Period, Shen Congwen's History of Bronze Mirrors pointed out: "The bronze mirrors in the Warring States Period are famous for their standardized shapes and exquisite decorative patterns, which indicates that the ancient bronze mirrors in China have moved from early childhood to maturity, and Chu mirrors are one of them. First discovered in the Huaihe River Basin, it is usually called' Huai mirror'. In the seven years since liberation, because there are so many similar mirrors unearthed in the Chu tombs of the Warring States period in Changsha, we realized that it is a product of the State of Chu, and it is more correct to call it' Chu mirror'. From the analysis of realistic materials, although the invention of bronze mirrors may not have originated in Chu, the mirror casting workers in Chu have undoubtedly made great contributions to improving production technology and enriching mirror decoration art. " This evaluation is in line with the objective reality.
chronological table
Shen Congwen 1902, a teenager, was born in a military family in Fenghuang County, Hunan Province. His scientific name was Yue Huan, his birth name was Maolin and his word was Chongwen.
19 17 participated in the first guerrilla detachment of the Second Army of the Western Hunan Jingguo Allied Forces and was stationed in Chenzhou (Yuanling).
19 18 After graduating from primary school in his hometown, he moved to the border areas of Hunan, Sichuan and Guizhou and the Yuanshui River Basin with local indigenous troops, and then formally joined the army.
1922, attracted by the May 4th movement, went to Beijing, but failed to enter a higher school. With the encouragement of Yu Dafu and Xu Zhimo, he taught himself to write.
1923 went to Beijing. Enter oneself for an examination yenching university Chinese class, but was not admitted. Audited in Peking University.
1924 began to publish his works in Morning Post Supplement, and then published in Now Review and Novel Monthly.
1928 from Beijing to Shanghai. Organize Red and Black magazine and publishing house with Hu Yepin and Ding Ling.
1929 went to China Public School in Wusong and fell in love with Zhang Zhaohe, a female student. The collections of works in this period are Ducks, Hotels and Others, etc.
/kloc-after 0/930, he went to teach at Qingdao University. Before the Anti-Japanese War, he published more than 20 collections, including Stone Boat, Tiger Baby, Little Scene under the Moon and Eight Horses.
193 1 year accompanied ding ling to rescue Hu Yepin but failed, and escorted ding ling's mother and son back to Hunan.
193 1 year to 1933 as a lecturer at Qingdao university;
1September 9, 933, married Zhang Zhaohe. On 23rd of the same month, he co-edited Ta Kung Pao Literary Supplement with Yang Zhensheng to create Border Town.
/kloc-in the spring of 0/938, I went to Kunming and continued to compile Chinese textbooks for primary and secondary schools with Yang Zhensheng. 1 1 month, professor of Chinese Department in The National SouthWest Associated University.
1948 began to be severely criticized by the left-wing cultural circles. In the same year, the focus of work began to shift to cultural relics research.
/kloc-after 0/949, he has been engaged in cultural relics research for a long time.
1950 Suicide due to unbearable political pressure, rescued.
1960 published "Dragon and Phoenix Art" and other articles.
1969 went to work in May 7th Cadre School in Xianning, Hubei Province.
1978 transferred to the Institute of History of China Academy of Social Sciences as a researcher.
1980 Mrs. Zhang Zhaohe went to the United States to visit relatives and give lectures.
198 1 published the monograph "Research on Ancient Chinese Costume" which lasted for 15 years.
1983 suddenly suffered from cerebral thrombosis and was hospitalized.
1984 was seriously ill. After the rescue, it is even more inconvenient to speak and act.
1May, 988 10 afternoon, heart attack recurred, and the rescue was ineffective, and he died.
A rough life
Shen Congwen's life is bumpy and dedicated. He 19 17 years to 1922 years; 1923 broke into Beijing, and 1923 to 1928 made a living by writing in Beijing; 1928 to 1930, Shen Congwen was discovered by Xu Zhimo, and recommended this young man to Hu Shi, president of China Public School, as a lecturer at Shanghai China Public School, and as editor-in-chief of literary supplements such as Ta Kung Pao and Yishi Daily; 193 1 year to 1933 as a lecturer in Qingdao university; 1934 to 1939 edited the national Chinese textbooks for primary and secondary schools in Beijing; 1939 to 1947 as a professor at Kunming Southwest United University; 1947 to 1949 as a professor in Peking University; 1950 to 1978 worked as a cultural relic researcher in Beijing Chinese History Museum; 1978 to 1988 as a researcher in the Institute of China Academy of Social Sciences. Mr. Shen Congwen's literary works such as Border Town, Xiangxi and Congwen Autobiography have great influence at home and abroad. His works have been translated and published in more than 40 countries such as Japan, the United States, Britain, and the former Soviet Union, and have been selected into university textbooks by more than 10 countries or regions such as the United States, Japan, South Korea, and Britain, and twice nominated as candidates for Nobel Prize in Literature. Mr. Shen Congwen is not only a famous writer, but also a famous historian and archaeologist. He has written and published academic monographs such as China Silk Patterns, Bronze Mirrors of Tang and Song Dynasties, Dragon and Phoenix Art, Lacquerware of Warring States Period, and Research on Ancient Chinese Costume, especially the masterpiece Research on Ancient Chinese Costume, which has a great influence and fills a gap in China's cultural history.
Children's interesting stories
19 15 years, Shen Congwen entered the second junior high school of Fenghuang County from a private school, and transferred to Wenchangge Primary School six months later. Because Shen Congwen is lively and playful by nature, he often plays truant and goes to the street to watch puppet shows, so his schoolbag is hidden in the land temple. Once, he still put his schoolbag in the land temple and watched the play all day. After watching the play, other children had already come home from school, and he went back to the land temple to find that his schoolbag was gone. At this time, he was anxious, but on second thought, it's not a big deal that the schoolbag is gone. The next day, he went to school as usual, and just walked under a nanmu tree on campus, he met his class teacher, Mr. Mao. With an irate look on his face, Teacher Mao punished Shen Congwen for kneeling under the nanmu tree and loudly asked Shen Congwen where he went yesterday. Knowing that he couldn't hide it, Shen Congwen simply replied, "I went to the theatre." Teacher Mao saw that Shen Congwen was so arrogant in playing truant, so he severely criticized: "Diligence is meritorious, drama is useless, and trees like to grow up, but you like to be under the tree, and it is too disappointing to be a dwarf!" After kneeling for about half an hour, Teacher Mao told him to get up. At this time, Teacher Mao asked Shen Congwen in a gentle tone whether he hated the teacher and punished him for kneeling under the tree. Shen Congwen said openly, "Of course, I hate that you shouldn't be punished and humiliated in front of your classmates." Later, Teacher Mao brought Shen Congwen into the office and slowly enlightened him, saying, "Trees grow upwards, but you have to kneel down. People must be enterprising, not self-respecting and self-respecting. " After being patiently persuaded and taught by Mr. Mao, Shen Congwen was brave after being ashamed, changed his old stubborn temper, studied hard and improved his grades very quickly.
[Edit this paragraph] Personal works
In his life, Shen Congwen published more than 30 collections of short stories, such as Stone Boat and Congwen Subset, and six novellas, such as Border Town and Long River. Shen Congwen is the main performer and thinker of the rural world with special significance. He believes that "beauty lies in life" although he is in a hypocritical, selfish and indifferent city, he is obsessed with the beauty of human nature. He said, "There may be something in this world." Choose a small plot as the foundation and pile it with hard stones. Exquisite, strong and symmetrical, although small but not slender, it is my ideal building, and this temple is dedicated to "humanity" (Preface to Selected Works).