China Customs EDI clearance system refers to an EDI practical system that uses EDI technology to automatically exchange and process customs clearance documents between customs and customs clearance objects, and uses customs computer application system to complete the whole customs clearance process in time and automatically. EDI customs clearance system involves customs clearance of import and export goods, such as customs declaration, examination of documents, taxation and release, as well as customs brokers, financial institutions, warehousing and transportation enterprises and international trade management departments. EDI customs clearance system refers to the extension, development and perfection of the original customs declaration automation system (H883 system). On the basis of H883 system, the customs clearance procedures are further simplified, and in many cases, users don't have to send people to the customs for customs declaration.
The development of EDI in China Customs has gone through the following stages:
1. Preliminary investigation stage
China Customs began to study the application of EDI in the early 1990s. Mainly through extensive participation in various seminars and working meetings of international organizations, the application status and development trend of EDI in the world are studied. At first, I had a general understanding, then I got deeper and deeper, and finally I basically mastered the key technologies to realize EDI application. For example, by attending WCO's annual IT work conference, this paper focuses on the comparative study of EDI customs clearance systems in the United States, Britain, Australia and Japan. At the beginning of 1990s, China Customs was fully promoting the application of customs declaration automation system for customs business management. The above-mentioned national customs successively entered the development and application period of EDI customs clearance system, which was a great inspiration for China Customs, and realized that the development direction of customs IT application should be paperless EDI customs clearance.
2. R&D stage
1September, 1992, the General Administration of Customs made a decision to approve the formal establishment of the EDI customs clearance system project. So an EDI project leading group headed by department leaders was set up, and more than 30 computer and customs business experts were transferred from the national customs to form an engineering group. In March of 1993, the engineering team completed the formulation of 14 EDIFACT standard message subset required by EDI customs clearance system, and completed the overall technical scheme design of the system in July. 1994 from September to June, the software design of general cargo clearance was completed in just over five months. Subsequently, in June, the software design of express cargo clearance 1994 1 1 was completed. 1995 1 completed the design of general cargo customs clearance software based on microcomputer platform. EDI customs clearance system is divided into ALPHA server and INTEL server. According to the scope of application, it is divided into ordinary goods (sea, land and air transportation) and express goods (air transportation); From the depth of EDI application, some are limited to the import and export declaration of goods, and some are used for the import and export declaration of goods, document review and release.
3. Pilot application stage
Under the unified deployment of the General Administration of Customs, the EDI customs clearance system was first applied in Beijing Capital Airport Customs 1994 in April, and then in Shanghai Pudong Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone Customs in September. At first, it was only used for import and export clearance of ordinary goods. With the successful development of EDI customs clearance system for express goods, the system was put into use in Shanghai Hongqiao Airport Customs and Beijing Capital Airport Customs at the end of 1994 and the beginning of 1995 respectively.
4. Popularization and application stage
After the success of EDI customs clearance system in two customs pilot projects, the General Administration of Customs began to promote it in a planned way. By the end of 1997, more than ten customs offices in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Hangzhou, Ningbo, Qingdao, Dalian, Xiamen, Fuzhou and Zhengzhou had opened EDI customs clearance services. There are nearly 500 EDI customs clearance enterprises, and the daily customs declaration volume of ordinary goods handled by the system accounts for about 20% of the national total; The import and export of air express goods handled by the system accounts for more than 80% of the national total.
5. At the stage of e-commerce development.
With regard to licensing, foreign exchange settlement and export tax refund declaration, the General Administration of Customs organized and developed an online verification system for import and export declaration in August, 1998. The system uses China Telecom's public data network and adopts WWW server technology, and has a set of security measures such as identity verification, digital signature, data encryption, transmission encryption and tracking audit. The system was gradually popularized in September of that year. In the first stage, the State Administration of Foreign Exchange and banks inspect the declaration of foreign exchange settlement and payment of enterprises. The users of the system include the State Administration of Foreign Exchange and its local branches, all domestic banking units engaged in foreign exchange sales and collection, and import and export enterprises. State Taxation Administration of The People's Republic of China and the administrative department of foreign trade and economic cooperation will conduct public verification on the enterprise's export tax rebate declaration. This system is the first e-commerce application system in China that has been popularized and applied nationwide and achieved practical application results.
After years of development, the EDI electronic customs clearance system of China Customs has been upgraded from the earliest H883 system to the current H2000 system, which has made a qualitative leap in technology and function. With the development of social economy, the General Administration of Customs will carry out new technological innovation and system upgrade on the current H2000 system, and EDI with the largest data capacity and the highest operating efficiency will appear in the world.