In the 22nd year of Guangxu (1896), the Qing government began to borrow the second phase of reparations to Japan. Britain claimed that it would not hesitate to resort to force if it did not borrow money from it this time. After the struggle, Yingde Group overwhelmed the Russian-French Group and obtained the second loan right of the foreign powers to China. On February 10th, Hurd, on behalf of the Prime Minister's yamen, signed the Anglo-German Foreign Loan Contract (also known as the Detailed Articles of Association of the Anglo-German Loan) with the British HSBC and the German Dehua Bank in Beijing. * * * Eighteen paragraphs. Provisions: the total loan amount is 16 million pounds (one hundred and twenty million silver); Pay at a 94% discount, with an annual interest of 5%, and pay off within 36 years, not in advance or at one time; Guaranteed by customs revenue; During the repayment period, the position of the General Tax Department of China Customs must be filled by an Englishman, thus ensuring that Britain has control over China Customs administration for 36 years.

The Sino-Russian Secret Treaty was signed

After the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, the Qing government had great illusions about Russia, hoping to contact Russia to contain other powers. Seeing this, Russia looked for opportunities to ask the Qing government for benefits. In the 22nd year of Guangxu (1896), Tsar Nicholas II held a coronation ceremony. At the request of the Russian government, the Qing government appointed Li Hongzhang as "an imperial envoy" and went to Russia to celebrate the coronation of the czar. On April 22nd, the Russian government, with the words that China and Russia should prevent Japanese aggression, paid Li Hongzhang three million rubles, and forced Li Hongzhang to maintain relations with the Russian Finance Minister, and Foreign Minister Robanov signed the Sino-Russian Treaty of Mutual Assistance against the Enemy (the French version is called the Treaty of Defense Alliance), that is, the Sino-Russian Secret Treaty. There are six clauses in the secret agreement, and a special article stipulating that the contract shall be subject to French is attached. The main contents are as follows: 1. If Japan invades the territory of the Russian Far East or the territory of China and North Korea, China and Russia should help each other with all their navies and armies, and help each other with arms and food; Two, a party without the consent of the other party, shall not negotiate a peace treaty with the enemy; 3. During the war, all ports in China should be open to Russian warships, and local officials in China should try their best to supply what they need; 4. Russia is allowed to build a railway in Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces directly to Vladivostok. The railway is undertaken by China-Russia Daosheng Bank, and its detailed contract is negotiated by China's envoy to Russia and China-Russia Daosheng Bank; 5. Russia has the right to transport troops and munitions through the railway, whether in wartime or in peacetime; Six, this treaty shall come into force from the date of approval of the railway contract, and shall be valid for fifteen years, and shall be extended by business six months before the term. Through this secret agreement, the Russian government extended its aggressive forces into the northeast of China.

The Sino-Japanese Trade and Navigation Treaty was signed

According to the sixth paragraph of the treaty of shimonoseki between China and Japan, China and Japan will send plenipotentiaries to negotiate trade treaties according to the western example. On May 29th, the 21st year of Guangxu (1895), the Qing court ordered Li Hongzhang and Wang Wenshao to negotiate with Japanese representatives. Later, because Li Hongzhang went to Russia to attend the coronation ceremony of the czar, the Qing court appointed Zhang Yinhuan, Minister of the Prime Minister's yamen and Assistant Minister of the Ministry of Housing, as the plenipotentiary minister, to discuss trade with Japan properly. On June 11th, the 22nd year of Guangxu (1896), Zhang Yinhuan signed the Sino-Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation with Japanese Minister and Plenipotentiary Lin Dong in Beijing. * * * 29. There are also three notes from China and Japan. The main content is to confirm that Japan enjoys the same consular jurisdiction and one-sided MFN treatment in China as western powers. On September 13th, according to the request of Lin Dong, the Premier's yamen concluded four public diplomas on Sino-Japanese trade and economic treaties: special concessions were set up at the newly-added ports of Suzhou, Hangzhou, Shashi and Chongqing, and China could impose machine manufacturing tax at its discretion, provided that special concessions were set up in Tianjin, Shanghai, Hankou and Xiamen, and Shandong troops were not allowed to approach ahava within 40 miles.

Sino-Russian "Articles of Association of Joint-venture Eastern Railway Company" signed

In order to expand its aggressive forces in the northeast of China, Russia has been planning to cross the eastern section of the Siberian railway connecting Moscow and Vladivostok through the northeast of China since the 1980s. During the Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, the Russian government set about making relevant plans. In April of the 22nd year of Guangxu (1896), after tsarist Russia induced Li Hongzhang to sign the Sino-Russian Secret Treaty, he sent Lamanoff, the undersecretary of the Ministry of Finance, to negotiate with Xu Jingcheng, the envoy of the Qing government to Russia, Germany and other countries about the specific details of road construction. On the second day of August, Xu Jingcheng and China-Russia Daosheng Bank signed the Articles of Association of the Contract for Co-organizing the Eastern Railway Company in Berlin, and attached a letter from Luo Qitai, the General Manager of China-Russia Bank. Provisions: the so-called "China Eastern Railway Company" was established, and its articles of association were in accordance with the rules of the Russian Railway Company; Rail width should be the same as Russian rail; Russia has the right to transport troops free of charge by railway; The land needed by the company to build, operate and protect the railway will be requisitioned free of charge if it is official land, and paid on time if it is private land; The company enjoys exclusive administrative power and police power along the railway. Construction of the East Provincial Railway started in the 23rd year of Guangxu (1897) and was completed in the 29th year of Guangxu (1903).

The Qing court set up a railway corporation

In the 22nd year of Guangxu reign (1896), on August 9th, Wang Wenshao, governor of Zhili, and Zhang Zhidong, governor of Huguang called for the establishment of Luhan Railway Company, and recommended Sheng Xuanhuai, Tianjin Customs Road, to supervise it. The Qing court ordered Sheng to come to Beijing today for consultation. On September 13th, Emperor Guangxu summoned Sheng Xuanhuai, and Sheng stated in detail the specific plan of borrowing money to build a road. On September 14th, the Railway Corporation was formally established, and Sheng Xuanhuai was appointed as the standby of Sipin Jingtang to supervise the company's affairs, and Wang Wenshao and Zhang Zhidong were appointed to assist in the handling.