1 Main characteristics of urban soil and water conservation
Compared with rural soil and water conservation, urban soil and water conservation has certain characteristics, but it is much more complicated and has obvious particularity. Understanding the main characteristics of urban soil and water conservation is of great significance to the ecological construction of urban soil and water conservation.
1. 1 diversified investors, and the status and role of supervision and law enforcement are outstanding.
The investment subjects of urban soil and water conservation are diverse, and although the government maintains a certain amount of investment, it is still very few. According to the basic principle that whoever develops will protect and whoever causes soil erosion will be responsible for governance, urban soil and water conservation governance should be mainly undertaken by the production, development and construction units that cause soil erosion according to law. The production, development and construction projects in the city are highly concentrated and distributed in all walks of life, and the situation is very complicated. In addition, the awareness of the national soil and water conservation policy and the consciousness of fulfilling the legal obligations of soil and water conservation are generally not high, so the important position and role of urban soil and water conservation supervision and law enforcement are particularly prominent. In other words, doing well the supervision and law enforcement of urban soil and water conservation is the key to do well the ecological construction of urban soil and water conservation.
1.2 has richer connotations, more complicated measures and higher prevention and control standards and requirements.
Urban water saving has become an important part of urban construction and development. Compared with rural soil and water conservation, its connotation and extension have been greatly expanded, and the task of governance is more arduous. When planning and arranging soil and water conservation measures, we should not only fully consider the fundamental requirements of preventing soil erosion, but also combine urban functional zoning and ecological construction development planning to meet the requirements of urban greening and beautification. This makes the prevention and control mode of urban soil erosion more diversified, requires more complicated functions of prevention and control measures, higher prevention and control standards, and its investment scale and intensity are obviously greater than that of rural soil and water conservation.
1.3 openness, systematicness and comprehensiveness are highly coordinated and unified.
The investment subjects of urban soil and water conservation involve all walks of life, and the situation is very different. The specific objectives and tasks of soil erosion prevention and control are different. The prevention and control measures of soil erosion adopted by various production, development and construction units must not only meet their own prevention and control requirements, but also meet the overall planning and requirements of urban soil and water conservation ecological construction, and cannot be independent behind closed doors. In other words, urban soil and water conservation must adhere to openness, systematicness and comprehensiveness, which is a remarkable feature of urban soil and water conservation. Under the unified organization and leadership of the Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government, all walks of life and departments in Chifeng City have performed their duties, made every effort and cooperated with each other in the construction. In the pilot process of urban soil and water conservation, we insisted on overall planning from a high starting point, and made multi-objective and multi-functional comprehensive consideration on river regulation, urban greening and beautification, residential community construction, eco-tourism construction, urban domestic waste and industrial waste treatment, and suburban eco-agriculture construction, which not only achieved remarkable results in urban soil and water conservation, but also achieved remarkable results in eco-agriculture construction.
2 Main contents and tasks of urban soil and water conservation
2. 1 Strengthen leadership and improve institutions
Strengthening leadership and improving institutions are the organizational guarantee for urban soil and water conservation, and also the consensus and common experience of a pilot city. Urban soil and water conservation involves a wide range, the situation is complex, the task is arduous, and the coordination work is very difficult. Therefore, it is necessary to establish an efficient and authoritative leading body and a capable specialized working body with government leaders as the team leader and heads of water conservancy, planning commission, people's congress, environmental protection, urban construction, planning and land resources as members, and strengthen the organization, coordination and leadership of urban water and soil conservation work to ensure the smooth development of urban water and soil conservation work, otherwise, urban water and soil conservation work will be impossible.
2.2 Extensive, in-depth and sustained publicity work.
Although the importance and urgency of urban soil and water conservation ecological construction are being recognized by more and more people, soil and water conservation is still a relatively strange new thing for many construction units and the general public, and the national policy awareness and legal concept of soil and water conservation have not been well established. Therefore, extensive, in-depth and lasting publicity for urban soil and water conservation, especially detailed publicity for leaders, is the key to do a good job in urban soil and water conservation. The advantages of urban media are outstanding. How to give full play to this advantage and gradually establish a strong public opinion atmosphere of soil and water conservation is the first important work that the competent department of soil and water conservation should do well.
2.3 Scientific preparation of urban soil and water conservation planning
According to urban topography and vegetation, it is an extremely important basis for urban soil and water conservation to deeply analyze the causes, characteristics, distribution and development trend of urban soil and water loss, analyze and predict the possible harm caused by soil and water loss, closely combine the urban functional zoning, development and construction and ecological construction goals, adhere to the basic principles of development, systematicness and comprehensiveness, and strengthen disaster prevention and mitigation according to local conditions. Scientifically formulate urban soil and water conservation regulations and reasonably determine the comprehensive prevention and control measures system of urban soil and water loss.
In guiding ideology, urban soil and water conservation planning should aim at standardizing production development, preventing soil erosion, protecting and improving urban ecological environment, adhere to the combination with the overall planning of urban construction and development, urban functional zoning, urban flood control, water resources protection and urban greening and beautification, zoning prevention and overall deployment, urban prevention and suburban prevention, palliative and permanent treatment, and pay attention to source control and ecological and social benefits; In the system of prevention and control measures, adhere to the combination of legal measures and control measures, with legal measures as the leading factor, engineering measures as the backing, and biological measures as the priority; In the specific implementation process, it is necessary to classify and demonstrate first, and then comprehensively promote it. The serious soil erosion areas should be treated first, and then the general soil erosion areas should be treated. The key points should be followed by the general ones, so as to promote comprehensive and coordinated development.
2.4 to strengthen the legal system, strict law enforcement and supervision.
The legal construction of urban soil and water conservation includes the construction of laws and regulations and the construction of law enforcement system. The main content of the construction of laws and regulations system is to formulate corresponding supporting documents and various rules and regulations according to the relevant laws and regulations of soil and water conservation law and the specific situation of this city, so as to enhance the pertinence and operability of the implementation of soil and water conservation laws and regulations. The main content of law enforcement system construction is to establish and improve the supervision and law enforcement agencies of urban soil and water conservation, strengthen law enforcement training, standardize law enforcement behavior and improve law enforcement level.
2.5 Pay special attention to the implementation of the plan.
The implementation of urban soil and water conservation planning should pay attention to the following points:
First, scientific implementation shall be strictly in accordance with the approved planning, and projects shall not be arranged or reduced at will to ensure the systematicness and unity of planning and strive for the best urban soil and water conservation effect;
Second, the construction standard of urban soil and water conservation projects should be higher than that of rural areas, and its measures should fully reflect the harmony and unity of pertinence and comprehensiveness;
Third, the government should not only urge all production, development and construction units to consciously fulfill the statutory obligations of urban soil and water conservation, but also actively adopt various policies and measures to mobilize the enthusiasm of all walks of life, units, social organizations and individuals and raise funds through multiple channels;
Fourth, the implementation of soil and water conservation planning should make clear the key points, do a good job in source area management and water system management, and strive to create conditions for urban economic development, agricultural product supply and suburban industrial development;
Fifth, adhere to high standards and strict requirements, and earnestly do a good job in the construction of demonstration projects.
3 Several tasks that need to be strengthened in urban soil and water conservation work
First, strengthen the scientific research of urban soil and water conservation, and thoroughly study the planning methods, evaluation index system and construction standards of urban soil and water conservation projects;
The second is to strengthen the combination with related industries and pay more attention to the comprehensive benefits of soil and water conservation engineering construction;
Third, strengthen the monitoring of urban soil erosion.
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