1, Guangdong customs was established in the 24th year of Kangxi (1685), and it is one of the earliest customs in China.
In the history of Guangdong Customs, there were two customs clearance points: one was set up in Wuxianmen from the 24th year of Kangxi (1685) to the 10th year of Xianfeng (1860); First, Xianfeng was located at the customs clearance site of Jiang Yan West Road ten years later.
At that time, there were a large number of merchant ships from various countries in Guangzhou, and there was frequent trade between them. The Qing court set up Guangdong Customs in Guangzhou to manage the foreign trade along the coast of Guangdong. At the same time, there are seven passes, including provincial capital pass, Macau General Pass, Huizhou Pass and Chaozhou Pass. There are dozens of small passes in the seven passes, which are mainly responsible for checking the entry and exit of ships from the mainland and Hong Kong.
2. Jianghai Pass was originally located in Yuntai Mountain, Lianyungang, and then moved to Songjiang, Shanghai.
In the 26th year of Kangxi, Jiang Haiguan moved to Baodaimen (now Xiaodongmen, Huangpu District) in Shanghai County because of the narrow office. At the beginning of the establishment of Jiang Customs, its main jurisdiction included all maritime ports in Jiangsu Province at that time, with 24 sub-cards, which were distributed in Suzhou, Songjiang, Changzhou, Zhenjiang, Huai 'an, Yangzhou, Taizhou and Tongzhou (now Nantong) and other regions.
3. Fujian Customs is a tax and customs administration institution established in Fujian in the Qing Dynasty, which was founded in the 23rd year of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty (1684).
Fujian Customs is one of the four earliest customs established in Qing Dynasty (the other three are Guangdong Customs, Zhejiang Customs and Jiang Customs). The ports of Fujian Customs are all over the coast of Fujian, and the tariffs collected by Fujian Customs have become one of the important sources of income for the Qing government. Now there are only a few pieces of silver ingots in Fujian Customs. These silver ingots, which were cast by Fujian Customs in order to solve the tariff silver, became important cultural relics that witnessed the history of Fujian Customs in Qing Dynasty.
4. Zhejiang Customs, located in Ningbo, was founded in the 23rd year of Kangxi (1684).
At the beginning, it was managed by the Governor of Zhejiang Province, entrusted Ningshaotai Road to supervise and manage, and levied the marine cargo tax. Daguan, Ancient Kiln, Xiaogang, Hutoudu, Xiangshan, Lihai, Zhapu, Jiazikou, Jiangbu, Baiqiao, Wenzhou, Ruian and Pingyang collect taxes.
When merchant ships go abroad to import, most goods are taxed by Jin and horse, and some are taxed by piece, vice, only, strip, handle, cylinder and block respectively according to their contents. In the thirty-fourth year of Kangxi, the Zhejiang Customs Department was set up separately to administer Ning and Dinghai to supervise exchanges and inspections.
Extended data:
After the Opium War broke out, China and Britain signed the treaty of nanking, which defined the principles of the tariff agreement. Foreigners began to control the customs in China. During the period when foreigners controlled the State Administration of Taxation, this yamen was probably the cleanest in the Qing Dynasty.
Customs is the only yamen managed by foreigners in Qing Dynasty. Headed by Robert Hart, an Englishman, it has been intensively cultivated for decades and has become the biggest pillar and the cleanest yamen in the use of national finance.
Many people in the world believe that this should be attributed to Hurd's "high salary and honesty". The salary of Chinese and foreign customs officials is dozens of times higher than that of ordinary officials, which is also rare among countries. Therefore, talents from all countries are proud to work in China Customs.
In Li Hongzhang's view, the integrity and ability of customs do not only come from "high salary". "High salary" is the foundation of a house, but its pillar is "aboveboard".
Any customs official, whether he is from China or a foreigner, must evaluate his diligence. If he is not qualified, even if he is a British relative of Hurd, he is no exception. Moreover, once you have a card to eat and neglect your duties, you will be punished, and the punishment is extremely severe.
Customs regulations, big or small, are published to make it clear to people at home and abroad to prevent officials from "fishing" for loopholes in law enforcement. Therefore, whenever dealing with customs, everything will go on as usual, and law-abiding businessmen need not be afraid of officials. Unscrupulous businessmen have nowhere to live and no speculation.
Baidu encyclopedia-customhouse
Baidu encyclopedia-Guangdong customs
Baidu encyclopedia-Jiang style
Baidu Encyclopedia-Fujian Customs
Baidu Encyclopedia-Zhejiang Customs