Online supply chain finance essentially provides synergy, and supply chain finance is a whole, not a single product. After Internet finance, it actually improves the synergy in business model and system arrangement, including several aspects. From the supplier's point of view, demand synergy has just been mentioned, a kind of production synergy of production enterprises, as well as the synergy of capital flow and logistics. The following is the financial model of Internet supply chain that I have compiled for you. Welcome to read and browse.
The first mode
In the process of transformation, traditional commercial banks launched some online supply chain products, such as Ping An Bank and China CITIC Bank. I used to work in Ping An Bank, and many banks launched online supply chains. In fact, banks connected core enterprises, suppliers and distributors through technical means, and many logistics enterprises, Sinotrans and China Storage, all docked. In fact, at the bank level, taking it as the core, after all the core enterprises, suppliers and distributors are connected, it will produce a relatively fast efficiency, quickly apply for loans and quickly lend money, and you can check instant information online to achieve such an effect. This is what commercial banks are doing.
Commercial banks also have many products, including prepaid financing, inventory financing and accounts receivable financing, and many products have been derived, which are based on commercial banks. The scale of commercial banks is relatively large. The second one is based on e-commerce platform. This e-commerce platform is divided into many types, B2C, B2B, C2C, and the most typical one is Ali. Based on big data and internal closed-loop e-commerce system, sellers and customers provide credit, but the credit line is not large. Among them, Alipay, Alibaba and Tmall Taobao all participated in the construction of the whole system, including capital flow, logistics and information flow, which all circulated in that closed loop, which is a better model we think. Of course, this model can't be copied, and there are few e-commerce companies in China, which can achieve the level of JD.COM and Ali. Other e-commerce companies can't, and the data volume is not large enough and the response is not sufficient.
The second mode
JD.COM's industrial model. JD.COM has several product diagrams in the supply chain. The first one is procurement and order financing, warehousing financing after the order is formed, and accounts receivable financing with dealers is such a system. There are also some B2B e-commerce platforms that do this. There are many B2B e-commerce platforms. Shanghai Steel Union is also a Shanghai company. This company is doing a very good job in steel trade. Members conduct online financing, including buyers and sellers. The seller can finance the existing goods, and the buyer can pay for the goods first, just like the bank. The third-party e-commerce platform plays the role of matchmaking and monitoring capital flow and data. Shanghai Steel Union is a typical representative, but the funds still come from banks.
Comparison of Internet financial products of e-commerce enterprises, including Ali Small Loan, JD.COM, Netsun and China Construction Bank. The interest rate of Ali's small loan is relatively high, but the amount of a single loan is smaller and more flexible. The interest rate of the bank is a little lower, but the single one may be a little higher. This is a simple comparison between them. We can draw a conclusion that the efficiency, single amount and threshold of loans are actually significantly reduced by using Internet finance. We think this is a very good application place for Internet finance, inclusive finance.
The third mode
It is based on third-party payment, and now many third-party payments do industry payments, including Epro and Kuaiqian, because why do third-party payments do supply chain finance? Because third-party payments have accumulated a lot of upstream and downstream information on receipts and payments so far in the long-term process, this information is very important, especially for industry information. It has different financing methods for dealers, suppliers and distributors.
At present, there are many products paid by third parties in the industry, among which Alipay, Remittance to the World, Kuaiqian and Tenpay are typical. Before doing aviation credit, they have made many attempts on supply chain finance. In addition, quick money may also do some payment for distribution in the IT field and supply chain finance.
The fifth mode
It is a supply chain financial model based on the credit risk predicted by big data. Based on the data of statistical distribution, such a huge amount of data may only be done by Ali. How did they do it? Ali has a profit and loss model, based on the basic data of stores, because there are a lot of historical transaction data of stores, with 80 billion information items, all of which are added together. More than 70 basic indicators, 48 months of historical data, your store must have 48 months of historical transaction data, 100 projects, 20 star diamond grades. After collecting these basic data, according to some derived and changed parameters, in the process of parameter adjustment, 24 trillion information items are obtained, and there are hundreds of people in this parameter adjustment team. Then, we model and predict the future seasonal changes in capital demand, and finally we will get a message whether it is worth financing for merchants or not. Now the risk control effect of big data is very obvious. The cost of a single credit is 2 yuan and 3 yuan, and the customer gets the loan in 3 minutes. The NPL ratio is less than 1%. According to the existing data, the risk probability of future default is predicted.
The sixth mode
Now there are some third-party collaborative platforms in the market, among which there is a company in China that is engaged in tax verification, and now the information of tax invoice checking in various places is very scattered. In fact, it just integrates some resources of local tax bureaus to make a third-party platform, in which you can check the authenticity and amount of some tax invoices. In addition to this information, it also adds some enterprises later, because many enterprises check on it. Some information about orders, harvest, settlement, invoices and payment has been added, and this information is gradually integrated into this platform. It is cool to have such a platform, because most of them can know some enterprises and their operations on this platform. According to this operating situation, banks can think about whether I can raise funds and how much I can finance, which can be done based on this platform. There are many third-party platforms based on this in China, including more than a dozen. This third-party platform is independent of any platform, and a lot of enterprise information is collected in the middle.
The seventh mode
It is a supply chain finance based on logistics and warehousing. Take Wuzhou Online as an example. This small company only provides warehousing and logistics escort services for e-commerce companies. In the process of doing it, he also accumulated some logistics information accompanied by customers. Based on this information, he cooperated with Alipay, and Alipay can manage these warehousing and logistics companies and manage the capital flow with it. In this process, in fact, it not only controls the logistics, the logistics of goods of e-commerce customers, but also controls the capital flow of customers together with Alipay. This piece can be used for supply chain finance, which is a purely online thing, and has little to do with offline. It belongs to internet finance. This is a very small company, and it has also started to do this piece this year, mainly providing two large pieces of products. The first type of products is that e-commerce sellers provide warehouse receipt pledge, and e-commerce delivers goods to our side. I am sure that the electronic warehouse receipt opened for the corresponding lender is a non-standard warehouse receipt. This is a model, and the second type is. Similar to the breadth supply chain, the seller only cares about the delivery, and I outsource all your delivery, so it is called the capital logistics pallet, which is a complete solution, which is a direction worthy of attention in the future.
The eighth mode
It is based on the ERP system. UFIDA and Kingdee, large domestic ERP systems, actually overlap with the customer base of supply chain finance. Many enterprises are using ERP, large enterprises use it better, and small enterprises use the web version. After using it, they can present the information of users' capital flow, supply information and sales information, which is very valuable. At present, domestic supply chain management enterprises and ERP enterprises have begun to cooperate, and use some information deposited by clients in these ERP enterprises to lend money and finance customers, which is also a future development direction.
The ninth mode
Based on the electronic trading platform and electronic trading market, there are already some electronic trading markets in China, which only cooperate in a certain field, but many domestic cooperation in bulk electronic goods has not been established, but this trading market will also be established in the future, including coal, chemical industry, petroleum, nonferrous metals, steel and other consumer goods. We can build the platform first, or cooperate with the existing platform. On these platforms, a lot of information will be provided, including simple information services, including trading services, credit guarantee for buyers, and financial services. There will be more and more such platforms in China, and I recently met at least a dozen people who built such platforms.
Based on this platform, for example, in the case of diaosi, in Dongguan Global Plasticizing Network, industrial products are traded, all of which are plastic industrial products. In fact, this industry doesn't have much value from the original traditional industry point of view, but an 83-year-old boy set up a global plasticizing website, which is an e-commerce platform that can provide information services for everyone and match transactions between buyers and sellers. On this basis, he developed a global financial network and provided eight services, namely, borrowing, financing, selling, recruiting, lending, investing and buying.
The tenth mode
It is supply chain finance based on online industry belt. If there are several business models in the future and all points in the supply chain are online, can we have an online industry belt? There are many industrial belts in China, including Humen Light Electronics in Dongguan and Yiwu Small Commodity Market. Can online industrial belts be put online? I do all the order sales, logistics, distribution, financing, trading and exhibitions online, which is amazing.
Internet financial management strategy
First, safety comes first, and income comes second.
Many people who are new to the P2P industry only see the benefits at first, but it is difficult to distinguish the risks. It is necessary to know that the premise of seeking high returns is to protect the capital. In order to attract investors, many P2P platforms often launch high-yield targets or sky targets, with an average annualized income of more than 30%. Anyone who has invested experience knows that high income means high risk, and financial projects with no 100% security in the investment field must be carefully selected. Of course, it is understandable to invest in P2P to seek objective income, so investors need to fully understand the professional situation and find channels for higher income in a reasonable range. Generally speaking, projects with annualized rate of return exceeding 18% are recommended to be carefully considered.
Second, the platform strength analysis
Nowadays, internet financial channels like to put gold on their faces, and default labels such as "listing department", "venture capital department", "state-owned department" and "banking department" have emerged. It is necessary to make careful analysis and comparison, and choose a trustworthy platform to contribute.
Third, choose a platform for the deposit and management of funds by banks
As early as 20 15, the "Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Healthy Development of Internet Finance" and the "Interim Measures for Handling the Business Activities of Internet Fake Loan Information Intermediaries (Draft for Comment)" issued by the regulatory authorities all require P2P to establish a third-party fund depository mechanism and select "qualified professional banking financial institutions" as the fund depository institutions. It can be seen that the deposit of bank funds has become a necessary condition for P2P channel compliance! However, at present, there are only a handful of platforms that really meet this requirement. According to the incomplete statistics of third-party authorities, as of May 15, there are 109 platforms that have signed fund depository agreements with relevant banks, accounting for about 4.57% of the total number of platforms in normal operation, while only 18 platforms actually put the depository system online, accounting for about 8 platforms in normal operation. Therefore, the operational strength of the platform that is the first to meet this requirement is self-evident.
Fourth, risk control measures
Risk control is the soul of Internet financial platform. The level of risk control is directly related to the safety of the investment intention of the platform. We should pay attention to whether the risk control measures of this platform are perfect, whether relevant risk control materials are published, and whether the risk control team is solid. We can go to the channel website to inquire about this, perhaps directly ask the customer service, and if necessary, we can also go to the channel operation company for on-the-spot investigation.
Five, analyze the platform from the project and the lender.
To understand the information of a platform, such as projects, borrowers and so on, the platform information publishing must be transparent and detailed, which is also one of the criteria for judging whether the platform is standard or not.
The quality of a project is directly related to the strength of the lender. We can learn more information through the name of the lender published on the platform and further through the website of the Industrial and Commercial Bureau to further evaluate the strength of the lender.
Six, pay attention to the platform dynamics at any time, grasp the industry information.
If you have selected the target P2P platform, you should pay more attention to the news trends of P2P wealth management companies, and find channel-related information in search engines, portals and other channels together. If you find serious negative information, you should consider it carefully.
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