sources of fund
Main source:
I. All kinds of deposits 1. Company deposits. Savings deposits of urban residents. Agricultural deposits. Trust deposit. Other deposits (excluding the above).
Second, bond financing 1. Issue financial bonds. State investment bonds. Sell repurchase bonds.
Three. Borrow from the central bank
Four. Interbank lending and interbank deposits
Verb (abbreviation of verb) institutional deposit 1. Acting as an agent for financial deposits. Entrusted deposits and entrusted investment funds. Financial institutions act as agents for loan funds.
6. Owners' equity refers to the capital invested by investors in commercial banks.
kind
Divided into RMB loans and foreign exchange loans by currency.
According to the purpose, it is divided into working capital loans and fixed assets loans. The former includes revolving loans, temporary loans and discounted bills, while the latter includes technology issuance loans, capital construction loans and technology development loans.
It is divided into short-term loans and long-term loans according to the term. Short-term loans 1 year, medium-term loans 1 year or more (excluding 1 year) but less than 5 years (including 5 years), and long-term loans for more than 5 years (excluding 5 years).
It is divided into industrial loans, commercial loans, agricultural loans and foreign trade loans according to economic sectors.
According to the loan method, it is divided into credit loan, secured loan and bill discount, and secured loan is divided into three types: secured loan, mortgage loan and pledge loan.
According to the loan object, it is divided into wholesale loans and retail loans.
According to the nature of loan use, it is divided into foreign trade loans, real estate loans and entrusted loans.
According to the different repayment methods, it can be divided into demand loans, term loans and overdrafts.
According to the different ways of interest rate agreement, it can be divided into fixed interest rate loans and floating interest rate loans.
In1June, 1996, the people's bank of China promulgated the general principles of loans, and the classification of loans is as follows.
I. Self-operated loans, entrusted loans and special loans.
(1) Self-operated loan refers to a loan that is independently issued with the funds raised by the lender in a legal way, with the risks borne by the lender and the principal and interest recovered by the lender.
(2) Entrusted loans refer to loans provided by government departments, enterprises, institutions, individuals and other principals, which are issued, supervised and recovered by the lender (i.e. the trustee) according to the loan object, purpose, amount, term and interest rate determined by the principal. The lender (trustee) only collects the handling fee and does not bear the loan risk.
(3) Special loans refer to loans granted by wholly state-owned commercial banks after taking corresponding remedial measures for possible losses caused by loans with the approval of the State Council.
Short-term loans, medium-term loans and long-term loans.
(1) Short-term loans refer to loans with a term of less than one year (including one year).
(2) Medium-term loans refer to loans with a loan term of more than one year (excluding one year) to less than five years (including five years).
(3) Long-term loans refer to loans with a loan term of more than five years.
Credit loans, secured loans and bill discounting.
(1) Credit loan refers to the loan issued by the borrower's credit.
(2) Secured loans refer to secured loans, mortgage loans and pledged loans.
A. Guaranteed loan refers to a loan issued by a third party in the form of guarantee stipulated in the Guarantee Law of People's Republic of China (PRC), which promises that the borrower shall bear general guarantee liability or joint liability as agreed.
B. Mortgage loan refers to the loan granted with the property of the borrower or a third party as collateral according to the mortgage method stipulated in the Guarantee Law of People's Republic of China (PRC).
C. Pledged loan refers to a loan in the form of pledge stipulated in the Guarantee Law of People's Republic of China (PRC), with the movable property or rights of the borrower or a third party as the pledge.
(3) Bill discount refers to the loan issued by the lender by purchasing the unexpired commercial paper of the borrower.