I. Direct utilization of foreign capital
Second, indirect use of foreign capital.
1, loans from international financial organizations
Refers to loans provided by global and regional international financial organizations. International financial organizations include the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank Group, the global international monetary system and the European Economic and Monetary Union. For example, the newly-built Ningxi Railway Project with a total investment of $6.5438+0.0854 million is a loan project of international financial organizations.
2. Foreign government loans
Refers to the long-term aid loans provided by foreign governments to China with the nature of intergovernmental development assistance. Its basic characteristics are: ① the loan conditions are more favorable; (2) There are certain provisions on loan investment; ③ Strictly restrict equipment procurement; ④ Strict plan management and external "window" system shall be implemented. For example, the new pipeline network project of West-to-East Gas Transmission (Anhui) with a total investment of 210 million US dollars is a foreign government loan project.
3, international commercial bank loans
Refers to the funds raised by domestic institutions from overseas commercial banks or other financial institutions through loans, including overseas loans from overseas shareholders other than the total investment of foreign-invested enterprises. Although the direction of international commercial banks' loans is relatively free, and the interest rates of some loans are relatively low, the credit conditions are strict, the repayment period is short, the risk is high, and it is highly related to the fluctuation of the international economic cycle.
4. Export credit
Refers to the credit provided by the government of the exporting country to export trade through banks. Export credit is divided into buyer's credit and seller's credit according to different recipients. Among them, the buyer's credit is the commercial credit provided by the exporter's bank directly to the importer or importer's bank; Seller's credit is a commercial credit provided by exporter's bank to domestic exporters (sellers), and it is also a credit way for exporters to provide deferred payment to foreign importers.
5. Issue bonds to the outside world
Refers to the securities issued by our government and enterprises to investors in overseas capital markets that can be repaid at maturity and have certain income. Bonds are classified by interest rate, including fixed-rate bonds and floating-rate bills; According to the repayment period, there are short-term bonds (less than 1 year), medium-term bonds (1-5 years) and long-term bonds (more than 5 years).