First, most college students have little social experience, narrow income sources, weak risk tolerance, subjective lack of financial knowledge and credit system, unable to calculate the real interest rate, and unable to judge that the essence of campus loans such as "naked strips" is actually usury. In 20 15, the report on national college students' credit cognition released by the Credit Management Research Center of China Renmin University showed that 8.77% of college students would use loans to obtain funds when making up for the shortage of funds, of which online loans accounted for almost half, which made P2P financial services for college students grow rapidly. Another questionnaire survey shows that nearly 50% of the college students surveyed believe that the impact of overdue payment on their future work and life is not serious or unknown.
Second, college students' consumption concept is immature, their resistance to material temptation is poor, their vanity is strong, and they are prone to impulsive consumption. They also feel that their living expenses or jobs can afford loans, so under various temptations, loans have become the most direct channel to meet these temptations. As everyone knows, just like buying a skirt that needs to lose weight, there is basically no end in sight.
Third, compared with social people, college students have a fixed identity and relatively simple social relations, and it is easy to deal with once they break their contracts.
Fourth, college students themselves have strong communication power and communication environment, and the cost of promoting customers is extremely low.
Another very important problem is that banks "braked suddenly" on college students' credit card business early, and the existing business is not as fast as "campus loan".
As experts say, the student loan model has its own original sin, and students have no stable repayment ability at all, so lending to students will be risky.
From the market point of view, an effective verification should be carried out by an independent third party without conflict of interest, which needs to include loan ownership tracking, loan mortgage pledge tracking, reliable third-party data sources, continuous compliance monitoring and so on. But this is impossible for campus loans at present. The loan review procedure for campus loans is basically not formed. As an intermediary, the platform not only tracks the borrower's borrowing level independently and verifies the actual payment of funds, but also lacks the verification and evaluation of third-party data sources, risk monitoring and other information. Moreover, it does not verify the real information of both borrowers and lenders, and even gives both parties the opportunity to communicate privately, and then goes through the formalities through the platform, making the platform a cover. This has led to the situation that students have borrowed many times in their own or classmates' names, and the interest has risen from the original 24% to 30%-40%.
Let's see how experts expose their routines.
Routine 1:
"The general loan amount is not high, but it will make you borrow more and more." Talking about the routine of usury among students, Xu Bei said that in order to induce college students to borrow money, lenders usually only provide 3,000-5,000 yuan at first, and the period is very short. "In this way, the basic annualized interest rate is high, but the interest amount will not be high in the short term, and students are generally not too sensitive." Xu Bei said, but with the handling fee and various expenses, the actual interest rate is very high. Once the repayment ability of students is exceeded, it is necessary to constantly rob Peter to pay Paul.
Routine 2:
Beheading interest is the jargon of the private financial industry, which means that a usurer or an underground bank deducts some money from the principal when giving a loan to a borrower. This money is called beheading interest.
"If the lender lends the borrower 654.38+10,000 yuan, but directly deducts the interest of 20,000 yuan when paying the borrower, only 80,000 yuan is given to the borrower, and the borrower gives the borrower an IOU of 654.38+10,000 yuan, that is, the amount recorded in the IOU is greater than the actual loan amount." Luo Hao Jie told reporters that Hou Yaozong was beheaded. Because students often lack self-protection consciousness, even if they feel that there is a problem in the process, they often dare not speak out and be at the mercy of others.
Routine 3:
In fact, Hou Yaozong is not alone. A person from a private financial circle in Guangzhou told reporters that "flat account" means that another "small loan company" repays the money of the first company and the borrower signs a higher debt contract. Xu Bei said that in order to "balance the accounts", the lending company will even deliberately let the borrower default, such as finding an excuse to go to other places when repaying, so that the borrower can't contact; Or the terms of breach of contract are very harsh. For example, the term of "overdue repayment" is calculated in hours or even minutes, and the debt will double.
Routine 4:
According to reports, in order to avoid legal risks, these usury institutions often have a hand. For example, in the process of borrowing money, because the law does not protect usury, they often trick borrowers into transferring money to the bank to take cash, leaving the bank running water as evidence. For example, when they go to the bank to transfer money with the borrower, they first put the 200,000 yuan promised on the loan slip into the borrower's card, and then let the borrower take it out, and then take away 6,543,800 yuan, but the borrower did not get the repayment form. In the end, the borrower actually got only 654.38 million yuan, but the bank running water shows that there is still 200,000 yuan in the account.
Going back to the campus loan itself, just because of these incidents, restricting college students' consumption and canceling formal loans are not a good way to solve the problem. Only by avoiding these potential risks to the greatest extent. This includes whether the qualifications and credit of borrowers and lenders have been verified; If there is no O2O yin and yang contract; If college students can bear the responsibility of debt default by themselves; Financial institutions bear the loss of illegal loans; If financial supervision departments do better in financial education, they will punish financial institutions for excessive loans and violent collection; If the state can make this part of the legislation more clear and ensure the implementation of the legislation, if the campus financial ecology is normal. ......
Of course, if the central bank formally establishes a supervision mechanism and counts the "white list" of online lending platforms, not only will social events such as "naked strips" disappear in the future, but the operation of lending platforms will be more standardized and the society will be healthier and more stable.