Influence of financial crisis on agricultural production in this county
The financial crisis has made a county in southwest Henan, which takes the peasant workers' economy as the main source of farmers' cash income, maintain the stable development of agriculture, and the pressure on farmers to continuously increase their income is heavier and more difficult. The impact of the financial crisis on agricultural production in this county is mainly manifested in five aspects: "one high and four difficulties": the overall price of agricultural products has dropped, and it is difficult for farmers to increase their income. Since the beginning of this year, the pressure of rising prices of agricultural products in this county has continued to increase. For example, compared with June 2008, the prices of wheat and corn decreased by 4. 1% and 9.5% respectively in February. The price of rapeseed dropped from the highest 2.7 yuan/kg to the current 1.5 yuan/kg, with a decrease of 45.4%, which was 1.7 yuan lower than the same period last year. Due to the financial crisis and the double squeeze of swine flu, the downward trend of livestock and poultry product prices is difficult to reverse in the short term, and the negative impact on aquaculture is inevitable. Pork is 23% lower than in March 2008 (when the price of pork was the highest). The average retail price of eggs was 3.05 yuan/kg, down 10% from the previous month.
The number of returning farmers continues to increase, making it difficult for migrant workers to find jobs. The county is a mountainous county with poor natural conditions, and the working economy has become a pillar industry for farmers to increase their income. As far as we know, there are hundreds of thousands of migrant workers in this county, and nearly 10,000 migrant workers have returned home, accounting for about 10% of the total number of migrant workers. A large number of returning migrant workers are in trouble in production and life.
The price of agricultural materials is running at a high level, and agricultural benefits are doubly squeezed. On the one hand, the financial crisis led to a decline in demand and an overall decline in the prices of agricultural products. On the other hand, the prices of agricultural means of production are still running at a high level, and the cost of agricultural labor is rising. According to the survey, the prices of domestic fertilizers, especially urea and compound fertilizers, have generally increased by more than 30%. For example, the price of urea rose from 1.200/ ton in autumn 2008 to more than 1.500 yuan/ton, the ex-factory price limit of diammonium phosphate was raised from 2,400 yuan/ton to 4 1.000 yuan/ton, and the imported potash fertilizer rose by 65,438+. Seeds, pesticides, agricultural film, etc. There have also been different degrees of growth. The high price of agricultural materials has increased the cost of agricultural production.
The production and marketing situation of leading enterprises is grim, and production and operation are difficult. The performance is that the development of leading enterprises is blocked and the ability to fulfill orders is reduced, which affects the sales volume of agricultural products in the base and then affects the sales price of agricultural products in the base. For example, grain processing enterprises were hit by the financial crisis, and their production and sales were blocked, which directly affected grain purchase, making it difficult for farmers to sell grain and the price of grain fell.
The agricultural capital market lags behind, and the financing difficulties of farmers and leading enterprises are aggravated. The development of agricultural capital market in poor mountainous areas is lagging behind, and the problem of lack of projects and funds in agricultural development and growth is more prominent. Although the national macro-policy has greatly increased agricultural investment, the financial sector is actually more cautious and strict about agricultural investment because of the high market risk and low comparative benefit of agricultural development. The outstanding performance is that the credit scale of some leading industrialized enterprises has been compressed, resulting in insufficient investment funds for technological transformation and serious shortage of production liquidity.
Countermeasures of rural financial support for agriculture
Rural financial institutions (mainly rural credit cooperatives, postal savings banks, agricultural banks, village banks, etc. ), as the main force supporting agriculture, we should give full play to financial leverage, earnestly shoulder the heavy responsibility of supporting rural economic development, increase credit support and help farmers tide over the difficulties.
Give full play to the advantages of small loans to meet the production and living needs of farmers. Rural financial institutions should make a breakthrough in the scope and amount of small loans, explore the issuance of credit loans, expand the scope of mortgage, actively offer mortgage loans for various resources, and increase support for resource development such as forestry development and surface aquaculture. At the same time, simplify the loan procedures and implement preferential policies to help farmers tide over the difficulties as soon as possible.
Select the exciting point of credit supply and increase the credit supply. Rural financial institutions should actively provide supporting services and be targeted. First, actively develop rural consumer credit business, support farmers to buy agricultural machinery and transportation tools, and support farmers to buy high-end durable goods such as color TVs, refrigerators, washing machines and computers, so as to further stimulate domestic demand. Second, focus on supporting the agricultural industrialization pattern of rural planting specialized households and key households. The third is to support the development of professional cooperatives. The fourth is to develop new financial service products suitable for migrant workers to start businesses.
Innovate credit methods to support industrialized leading enterprises to get out of the predicament. Rural financial institutions should, in accordance with national policies, appropriately improve the risk tolerance of SME loans, appropriately simplify the credit process for SMEs according to different industries and risk levels, and maintain a reasonable credit scale for leading enterprises in order to cope with the crisis and develop steadily.
Establish the concept of risk prevention and strive to achieve a win-win situation. Rural financial institutions must implement risk awareness in all aspects of preventing credit risks. First, speed up the establishment and improvement of internal control system construction and evaluation system. The second is to establish and improve the risk identification and prompt system of rural financial institutions. The third is to establish a "trinity" inspection system of audit, post supervision and professional inspection, so as to prohibit it.