There are two versions of the Five Overlords in the Spring and Autumn Period: Qi Huangong, Jin Wengong, Song Xianggong, Qin Mugong and Chu Zhuangwang, and Qi Huangong, Jin Wengong, Chu Zhuangwang, Prince Helu and Gou Jian, the King of Yue. -643 BC) The15th monarch of Qi in the Spring and Autumn Period, surnamed Jiang. Qi is his son and his brother. One of the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period. After Qi Xianggong died in civil strife, Xiaobai and Gong Zijiu successfully won a position for Qi Huangong. The Duke of Huan appointed Guan Zhong as the Prime Minister, reformed the country, and implemented the system of military and political integration and integration of defense and civilian technologies, and Qi gradually became strong. 68 1 years ago, Huan Gong summoned the princes of Song and Chen in Zhen (Juancheng, Shandong Province), and was the first ruler in history. When China's former countries were attacked by neighboring nationalities, Qi Huangong attacked Shanrong in the north and Chu in the south under the slogan of "respecting the king and rejecting foreign countries", and Huan Gong became the overlord of the Central Plains and was rewarded by the Zhou Emperor. In his later years, Huan Gong was fatuous and trusted villains such as Yi Ya and Vertical Carving. Finally starved to death in the civil strife, come to a bad end, insects out of the household. Besides, Jin Wengong was born in the 23rd year of King Huan of Zhou (697 BC), acceded to the throne in 636 BC, and died in the 24th year of King Xiang of Zhou (628 BC). His surname is a famous politician in the Spring and Autumn Period. King of Jin, who reigned for nine years, lived in Zhao, Hu, Jia and five countries. Tell me about Song Xianggong, the second son of Duke Huan of Song, whose real name is Zifu (? -reigned in the first 637 years: the first 650 years-the first 637 years), one of the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period. In the thirty-first year of its establishment, King Hui of Zhou followed the example of his ordinary brothers and implemented the "Oriental Palace Map", with Gao Xian, Huayuan, Hua Jiao and Qi Le as its core. Before 642, Qi Huangong died of illness and civil strife occurred in Qi. Song Xianggong led Wei, Cao and Yan to fight against Qi, and Qi people were at home, so he established Qi Hong Xiao, which made Xiang Gong a minor celebrity. In addition, Qin Mugong was the monarch of Qin in the Spring and Autumn Period. Won the last name, good name. Mu Hao, who reigned for thirty-nine years. It is recognized as one of the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period in some historical materials. Qin Mugong attaches great importance to talents. During his tenure, he was assisted by some wise ministers, such as Priscilla, Uncle Jian, Pippo and Gong, who helped him return to the State of Jin and seize the throne. When King Xiang of Zhou sent troops to attack Shu and other countries located west of Hanguguan, he traveled thousands of miles. Therefore, King Xiang of Zhou appointed him as the uncle of the western governors and dominated Xirong. When Qin Mugong died, the number of martyrs reached 177, including three ministers. According to Records of the Historian, "there were 177 people who died, three courtiers of Qin Zhiliang and Yu, named Zhong Xing and Zhen Hu, who were also dying". A poet wrote an elegy of The Yellow Bird in memory of the living martyrs. Later, Chu Zhuangwang (6 13-59 1 Qiu reigned) was the sixth monarch of Chu in the Spring and Autumn Period. His surname was Mi and he was the son of the King of Chu. Chu Zhuangwang "If you don't blare, it will be amazing; If you don't fly, you will fly into the sky and make great efforts to revitalize Chu. It is one of the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period. And prince he Lu (? -496 years ago), a work, also known as Light. During the Spring and Autumn Period, the 24th monarch of Wu reigned for 5 14 ~ 496 years. Son of the prince of Wu, father of Fu Cha. He Lv reused Sun Wu, Wu Zixu and others and became one of the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period. In 5 14 BC, the son sent Zhuan Xu to assassinate him, seized the throne of Wu and renamed him "He Lu". Besides, Gou Jian was renamed Wang after he acceded to the throne, and soon He Lv, the king of Wu, took the opportunity to attack Vietnam. The Vietnamese army was defeated by Wu Jun in Tan Li, and Herod was killed. Fu Cha, the son of He Lv's last wish, said, "Don't forget Yue! "After Fu Cha acceded to the throne as the prince, he made great efforts to prepare for revenge. Gou Jian refused to listen to the dissuasion, rushed to send troops to attack Wu, and was defeated by Fujiao (now Taihu Lake in the southwest of Wuxian County, Jiangsu Province). Wu Jun occupied Huiji Mountain in Du Yue and besieged Gou Jian in Huiji Mountain. It is suggested that Gou Jian request Wu to surrender with humility. Otherwise, Gou Jian will personally go to Wu as a hostage. Gou Jian adopted this suggestion, and while preparing to die, he sent literary talents to make peace with the king of Wu, bribed the king of Wu with treasure, and presented the beauty stone. Fu Cha, persuaded by Aibo, made peace with Yue and led the army back to China. Gou Jian condemned himself by writing a letter to the subjects of Yue State, and then went to Wu State to be a slave of Fu Cha and tasted shit himself. Finally, he won the trust of Fu Cha, and was released back to Vietnam three years later. After returning home, Gou Jian vowed to avenge Wu, recuperate, and reuse others. "Ten years of reunion, ten years of lessons." Biography of Historical Records of Huo Zhi said: "The more he used the fifth of Ji Ran's tactics, the more proud he became. He also said: "After ten years of hard work, the country is rich and the people are strong, and the soldiers are generous. When you go to Yashi, you are thirsty for a drink. Then he reported to Wu Qiang, watched the soldiers and China, and was named the five tyrants. One year, the State of Yue presented steamed seeds to the State of Wu, which made the State of Wu hungry and cold the next year and weakened its national strength. In the first 482 years, Gou Jian took advantage of Fuxi's northern expedition to compete for hegemony in Huangchi, entered Gusu and Wudu, and killed the king of Wu. After returning home, Fu Cha was forced to make peace with Gou Jian. Gou Jian soon attacked Wu again. In the twenty-fourth year of Gou Jian (473 BC), the Vietnamese army besieged Wudu for three years and finally broke the city. Fu Cha was trapped in Gusu Mountain, but he committed suicide because he could not surrender, and Wu died. Gou Jian then moved north to Langya and joined forces with the governors of Qi and Jin Dynasties in Xuzhou (now south of tengxian, Shandong). " The Vietnamese army roamed across the river and Huaidong, and the warlord Bi He called him overlord ",which was officially recognized as overlord by Zhou Yuanwang. But in all the statements, there are Qi Huangong, Jin Wengong and Chu Zhuangwang.
Reference: Wikipedia
During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period (770 BC-22 BC1year) and the Western Zhou Dynasty, the king of Zhou maintained the authority of "the patriarch of the world", and he prohibited the vassal states from attacking or merging with each other. After Pingdong moved eastward, the royal family declined and had no power to control the princes. At the same time, with the rapid development of social economy, some ethnic groups called barbarians and Rongdi quickly caught up with the influence of Central Plains culture or ethnic integration. Due to different social and economic conditions, some countries in the Central Plains are strong and some are declining. As a result, the vassal States merged with each other, and there was a situation in which great powers competed for hegemony. The situation of numerous governors seriously hindered the development of economy and culture; The merger and hegemony of various countries have contributed to the unification of various regions. Therefore, the social unrest in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty prepared conditions for national reunification. After Pingdong moved to the east, the land in the west was owned by the State of Qin. It annexed some surrounding Rong tribes or countries and became a western power. Jin State in Shanxi, Qi State and Lu State in Shandong, Chu State in Hubei, Yan State in Beijing and northern Hebei, and Wu State and Yue State, which later rose in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, all became powerful and became big countries after annexing some small countries around them. As a result, there has been a fierce scene of great powers vying for hegemony in history. Qi Huangong was the first country to establish hegemony. He appointed Guan Zhong, reformed internal affairs, and became strong in national strength. He also used Guan Zhong's strategy to call for "respecting the king and rejecting foreign countries" and unite Yan State to defeat Beirong. Unite countries to stop the invasion of Miao people, and "save prosperity and save health"; In 656 BC, Qi joined forces with Lu, Song, Zheng, Chen, Wei, Xu, and Cao to invade Cai and cut Chu, observe the soldiers and summon the mausoleum, and asked Chu why he didn't pay tribute to the King of Zhou. Chu's national strength is also very strong, attacking Zheng every year. However, seeing Qi Huangong's ferocity, he proposed peace to save his strength. Later, Qi Huangong held many meetings with governors, and Zhou Wang also sent people to join the alliance to reward them. Qi Huangong became the overlord of the Central Plains. When Qi dominated the Central Plains, Chu extended its power eastward. After Qi Huangong's death, there was a power struggle within the State of Qi, and the national strength declined slightly. Chu has developed northward again. Song Xianggong wants to inherit the hegemony of Qi Huangong and compete with Chu. As a result, he lost his life. Qi's allies Lu, Song, Zheng, Chen, Cai, Xu, Cao and Wei became allies of Chu.
Reference: China10k/trad/history/115/15.
1. Reasons for the rise of hegemony in the Spring and Autumn Period (background): After Zhou Youwang was killed, his son Yijiu was founded by his grandfather, Shen Hou, who succeeded him as the son of heaven and moved the capital to Luoyi, which opened up the hegemonic situation in the Spring and Autumn Period. The reasons for the rise of hegemony in the Spring and Autumn Period are summarized as follows: 1. Zhou Youwang was killed, which made Ping Wang indirectly suspected of regicide, and was not respected by governors because of his righteousness and interests. After Zhou Dong moved, the "King of Qi" was confined to Luoyang, with a narrow territory and weak military strength, which was inferior to that of princes. 2. The warlord became the king of the day because of the support of Shen, Xu, Jin and Zheng. Such princes rely on their arrogance, and it is difficult to ban them. 3. Merger prevailed in the Spring and Autumn Period. Countries merged with each other, such as Qi, Jin, Chu and Qin. Dozens of small countries were merged. The small country then paid tribute to the powerful princes, hoping to be protected. 4. During the Spring and Autumn Period, usurpation was prevalent, and the power of high officials in various vassal states was constantly enhanced, even usurping the throne. For example, in Shandong, Song, Chen, Zheng, Qi and other countries, Zhou Shi is simply unable to impose sanctions, so all countries hope to have a powerful vassal to maintain order. 5. The invasion of the Central Plains by foreigners has become increasingly chaotic. The foreign nationalities Xirong and Nanman have taken the opportunity to invade many times, and all countries are threatened. A powerful vassal is needed to lead all countries to resist together. In the case of internal troubles and foreign invasion, the vassals, with the call of "respecting the surrounding areas, clamoring for barbarians, and prohibiting usurpation and suppressing mergers", rose up to safeguard the overall situation and led the alliance, and launched a situation of dominating politics in the Spring and Autumn Period.
Reference:. geocities/cky _ chis/cecis/ 1-3