1. Liability business is mainly divided into two parts: the bank's own capital and the absorption of external funds, such as various types of deposits, long-term and short-term borrowings and other businesses.
2. Asset business is mainly divided into lending business and investment business, such as loan and investment business.
3. Intermediary business. Broadly speaking, it can be divided into contingent claims business and financial services business, such as guarantee, payment and settlement and other businesses.
Commercial Bank, abbreviated as CB in English, is a type of bank. Its responsibility is to provide credit intermediary financial institutions through deposits, loans, exchange, savings and other businesses. The main business scope is to absorb public deposits, grant loans and handle bill discounts, etc. General commercial banks do not have the right to issue currency, and their traditional business mainly focuses on deposits and loans.
Effective from August 1, 2014, personal customer account management fees, annual fees and pension off-site withdrawal fees will be conditionally waived, and some charging standards will be reduced. The handling fee for individual inter-bank over-the-counter transfers and remittances is capped at 50 yuan, and the handling fee for corporate inter-bank over-the-counter transfers and remittances is capped at 200 yuan.
From the perspective of the development of commercial banks, there are two business models of commercial banks. One is the British model, in which commercial banks mainly finance short-term commercial funds and have the characteristics of short loan periods and high liquidity. That is, borrow deposits at a lower interest rate and extend loans at a higher interest rate. The interest rate difference between deposits and loans is the main profit of commercial banks. This business model is relatively safe and reliable for banks.
The other is the German style, whose business is comprehensive. Commercial banks not only finance short-term commercial funds, but also finance long-term fixed capital, that is, they engage in investment banking business.
China implements a separate business model. In order to adapt to the current characteristics of China's separate operations and the development trend of mixed operations, the Decision on Modifications was adopted at the sixth meeting of the Standing Committee of the Tenth National People's Congress on December 27, 2003. The new "Commercial Bank Law" has modified the relevant provisions of the original commercial bank law that prohibit mixed operations.
On August 29, 2015, the 16th meeting of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress reviewed and approved the "Amendment (Draft) to the Commercial Bank Law of the People's Republic of China". Since October 1, 2015 Effective from today. The amendment made two changes to the original "Commercial Bank Law of the People's Republic of China": First, it deleted the second item of paragraph 1 of Article 39; second, it deleted the third item of Article 75. "Loan-to-deposit ratio" in the item. In particular, the second part deletes the requirement that the ratio of loan balances to deposit balances shall not exceed 75%, and changes the loan-to-deposit ratio from a statutory regulatory indicator to a liquidity monitoring indicator.