Transfer of credit assets
(1) For the transferor of outright credit assets, the significance of the transfer of credit assets lies in:
Improve asset liquidity. The financial institution of the transferor will provide long-term loans.
For example, selling mortgage loans and syndicated loans through the credit asset transfer market to obtain the most liquid cash directly improves the overall liquidity of bank assets, which is conducive to the term structure matching of assets and liabilities.
Improve capital adequacy ratio
. The risk weight of general industrial and commercial loans is 100%. According to regulations, it is necessary to maintain a net capital of not less than 8%. After the transfer of some loans, the risk weight of these assets will be reduced to zero, which can effectively reduce the demand for capital and thus improve the capital adequacy ratio. In the current situation of scarce bank capital, the transfer of credit assets is of direct practical significance to banks.
Resolve non-performing loans and dispose of mortgaged assets. There is limited time and space for banks to resolve non-performing loans. Selling non-performing loans and mortgaged assets with appropriate combination and pricing through asset transfer can greatly reduce the non-performing rate of bank assets in a short time.
Reduce credit concentration and adjust loan structure. The traditional way to adjust credit concentration and loan structure is to compress and push out, which increases the fluctuation of customer's capital chain and credit risk and causes the loss of customers. The transfer of credit assets provides a new means of loan concentration and structure management, which can realize the bank's own loan optimization management in a way that does not affect customers.
Increase profit channels. Scientifically arranging the transfer of credit assets can enable banks to achieve certain adjustments while taking into account profits. For example, through reasonable loan transfer pricing, business income can be directly obtained; Accelerate capital turnover through loan transfer and improve the overall income of credit business; By forecasting the interest rate trend, we can transfer low-interest loans before raising interest rates and re-lend after raising interest rates to obtain interest rate changes.
For the transferee who completely transfers the credit assets, the advantages of the credit asset transfer business are:
Expand the customer base. Transferring the credit assets of peers is equivalent to using the customer resources of peers to develop their own business, and promoting business content can be developed into business joint ventures.
. For example, banks accept loans from finance companies, and at the same time make use of their advantages in network, settlement, capital and business functions to provide customers with all-round services together with finance companies, so that the transferee can give full play to its professional advantages.
The transfer of credit assets helps banks to establish competitive advantages in their professional fields. Professional field is a specific field of industries and regions with good business experience and professional advantages formed by banks according to their own characteristics in the business field where they provide services. In the professional field, banks can not only directly develop customers to develop credit business, but also obtain such credit from peers through asset transfer, thus consolidating and expanding their business share and strength.
(2) For the transferor of the repo-type credit asset transfer, the significance of the transfer lies in:
Get liquidity. For example, China Development Bank and other countries carry out repurchase-type indirect syndicated business and sell loan shares to other financial institutions to obtain liquidity.
Increase the income of intermediary business. For example, some commercial banks with many loan projects transfer their loan shares to other financial institutions in the form of repurchase indirect syndicates, and there is a difference between their loan interest rates and the loan shares transferred by other financial institutions, which is the loan transfer fee income. While obtaining liquidity, the transferor