Chaos such as illegal loans entering the property market has been strictly controlled.
Experts suggest allocating resources through the market to prevent new risks arising from disposal risks.
With the arrival of "No.65438 +0 votes" in various places in the New Year, it is becoming normal for the regulatory authorities to attack the chaos of banking business. The illegal operation of peers and financial management, the illegal handling of bill business and the illegal inflow of funds into the stock market and property market have become high-risk "charges" for banking financial institutions to "eat" orders. Industry experts said that in 20 18 years, the banking supervision department will continue to maintain a high-pressure situation, especially for major cases, and will insist on punishment according to law without setting an upper limit. However, while cracking down on stock violations, it is necessary to strictly control the incremental palliative.
Supervision is not soft.
According to the official information of the China Banking Regulatory Commission, as of press time, the banking supervision system has issued nearly 700 fines to relevant illegal institutions since 20 18, of which 497 were issued in June of 5438+0, and the amount of fines and confiscations exceeded 898 million yuan. For major cases that have attracted much attention, the regulatory authorities are not soft.
The China Banking Regulatory Commission disclosed on February 2 that Shaanxi and Henan Banking Regulatory Bureaus investigated and dealt with cases of pledged loans by banking financial institutions within their jurisdiction according to law, and fined the banking financial institutions in the two places19 * * * 52 million yuan, and punished the responsible persons 104.
In fact, it is basically normal for the CBRC to punish and publish a major financial case every week. 65438+1October 19, China Banking Regulatory Commission revealed that Chengdu Branch of Shanghai Pudong Development Bank granted a credit of 77.5 billion yuan to 1493 shell enterprises in exchange for relevant enterprises to contribute to the bank's non-performing loans. Sichuan Banking Regulatory Bureau fined him 462 million yuan according to law; The former president of Chengdu Branch was dismissed, two vice presidents were demoted with serious demerits, and the middle-and lower-level responsible personnel of Branch 195 were held accountable internally. Coincidentally, the former president of Wuwei Wenchang Road Sub-branch of Postal Savings Bank illegally took bill funds in the name of Wuwei Branch of Postal Savings Bank. On October 27th, 65438/kloc-0, the CBRC disclosed the punishment result of this case, and 12 the banking financial institutions involved were fined 295 million yuan.
In addition to commercial banks, asset management companies, consumer finance companies, trust companies and other institutions can not escape accountability for violations. For example, Hubei Consumer Finance Company was fined 400,000 yuan for misappropriating loan funds for five consecutive tickets, and many directly responsible persons were warned. Guangxi Branch of Great Wall Asset Management was fined 700,000 yuan by Guangxi Banking Regulatory Bureau for transferring mortgage registration fees and purchasing non-performing assets of financial institutions.
"Openness is the norm, and non-disclosure is the exception." On February 9th, Wang Zhenzhong, deputy director of the Regulation Department of the China Banking Regulatory Commission, pointed out that the China Banking Regulatory Commission (CBRC) had passed the regulatory guidance of "strong supervision and severe punishment" to financial institutions, which played a warning role of "making an example for others".
Illegal housing loans still exist.
On the evening of June 65438+1October 65438+March 3, the CBRC issued the Notice on Further Deepening the Regulation of Banking Market Chaos, the Opinions on Further Deepening the Regulation of Banking Market Chaos, and the Working Points for Regulating Banking Market Chaos in 20 18, which identified 8 key rectification aspects and gave 22 working points.
In the above-mentioned work points, the CBRC clearly mentioned that it is necessary to punish relevant behaviors that violate the policies of the real estate industry, including: providing various off-balance sheet and off-balance sheet financing for real estate enterprises to pay land purchase fees directly or in disguise.
Despite frequent supervision, illegal mortgages have not disappeared. The reporter recently received a phone call from the product sales manager of a state-owned commercial bank Beijing branch. The manager first promoted a "phased-based" consumer loan product to reporters on the grounds of rewarding high-quality customers. According to its introduction, the product has the advantages of flexible term and convenient application, with a maximum of 60 issues and an exclusive quota of 300,000 yuan. "You take my ID card to our outlets, and the funds will arrive on the same day. The handling fee will be charged in installments. If you apply before March 3 1 this year and the fee is completed, our handling fee will be 20%, and the whole interest rate will be a little over 4 points. " The manager said. When the reporter said that the interest rate is really affordable and much lower than the current mortgage interest rate, the manager quietly told the reporter, "Consumer loans can't be used to buy a house in principle, but friends around us make our products to buy wealth management products, and then cash the wealth management products to buy a house."
In fact, since June 5438+ 10 this year, Jiaxing Branch of China Merchants Bank and Jiangsu Haimen Jianxin Rural Bank Co., Ltd. have been fined 250,000 yuan and 300,000 yuan respectively by the local regulatory authorities for illegally buying houses with personal consumption loans; Yiwu Branch of Agricultural Bank of China, Yiwu Branch of Shanghai Pudong Development Bank and Zhejiang Pan 'an Rural Commercial Bank were fined 300,000 yuan, 250,000 yuan and 300,000 yuan respectively for using credit funds to pay the down payment for house purchase. In addition, Jinzhong Branch of China Construction Bank Co., Ltd. was fined 500,000 yuan by Jinzhong Banking Supervision Branch for violating the rules by the customer to bear the property mortgage assessment fee.
In addition to the "housing-related loans" in the personal retail business of banks, it is not uncommon for corporate loans to flow to the real estate sector. 65438+ 10/2, Nanning Branch of CITIC Bank was fined 400,000 yuan by Guangxi Banking Regulatory Bureau for illegally providing financial financing for real estate development enterprises to pay land transfer fees. According to incomplete statistics, in June 5438+ 10, the regulatory authorities issued more than 13 tickets for illegal "housing-related loans" (including illegal credit flowing into the property market and land market).
Guo Tianyong, director of the China Banking Research Center of the Central University of Finance and Economics, believes that driven by interests, banks may expand the scale of lending and relax the review of loans. In recent years, emerging business areas with rapid development, more innovations and higher degree of marketization have also been punished more, which is related to the lagging regulatory rules besides the imperfect risk management of banks themselves.
Treat both the symptoms and root causes, and strictly control the increment.
Insiders suggest that the current regulatory authorities must treat both the symptoms and the root causes while severely investigating stock cases to prevent the occurrence of incremental cases of "exploiting loopholes". "The above-mentioned example of blood transfusion for the property market in disguised form not only touched the national real estate regulation and control policy of' deleveraging', but also lies in the rise of a new chaos." Some experts in the industry said frankly.
Yif Wang, director of the Financial Development Research Center of Minsheng Bank, said that the overall leverage ratio of residents in China is not high, which is lower than that of major developed countries in the world, but the leverage ratio of residents has increased rapidly in the past two years, reaching about 50% by the end of 20 17, mainly due to the rapid growth of housing mortgage loans. The leverage ratio of residents is generally safe, but we should pay attention to the structural problems of the leverage ratio of residents. For example, some residents may have excessive debts, and then the debt-to-income ratio shows signs of deterioration. "For the circulation of consumer credit funds, it is difficult to keep track of the existing means. No matter which field consumer credit is applied to, from the perspective of risk control, financial institutions need to effectively and reasonably control the overall level of leverage. " Yif Wang said.
Many experts interviewed by reporters predict that the pattern of strict supervision will continue in 20 18 years. A few days ago, the relevant person in charge of the China Banking Regulatory Commission also made it clear in answering a reporter's question that in 20 17, the deep-seated causes of market chaos have not fundamentally changed, and the task of winning the tough battle against banking risks is still very arduous.
Yif Wang believes that the regulatory policy since 20 17 has played a great role in regulating the operation of the banking industry, and the development of shadow banking has been restrained to some extent, but it has inevitably led to the contraction of the total amount of credit and the obvious upward trend of capital prices. Especially since 20 18, banks have been squeezed by the cost of debt, and asset prices have shown signs of gap. In the future, the regulatory policy should grasp the strength, intensity and rhythm as a whole, cultivate risk pricing as the allocation arrangement of credit resources, optimize the allocation of resources through the market more, improve efficiency, and prevent new risks from arising from the disposal of risks.
We must take good care of it.