Q: Please briefly introduce the background and significance of compiling the Plan.
A: In order to cope with the international financial crisis, effectively stimulate domestic demand and cultivate new economic growth points, in the second half of 2009, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Environmental Protection and other relevant departments began to study the development ideas, key areas and policy measures of China's energy conservation and environmental protection industry. 20 1 1 To implement the outline of the 12th Five-Year Plan and the Decision of the State Council on Accelerating the Cultivation and Development of Strategic Emerging Industries (Guo Fa [2010] No.32), the plan was studied and drafted. It is of great significance to accelerate the development of energy-saving and environmental protection industries, both at present and in the long run;
Internationally, in response to the challenges of the international financial crisis and global climate change, the focus of developing green economy is to promote the development of green industries, and the main forces of green industries are energy-saving and environmental protection industries and new energy industries. Therefore, green industries and products will compete fiercely in the future international economy, technology and trade.
Domestically, during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan, in order to achieve the binding targets such as the reduction of energy consumption per unit of GDP and the reduction of the total discharge of major pollutants, it is necessary to continuously improve the level of energy-saving and environmental protection technology and equipment and services in China, provide solid industrial support for large-scale energy conservation and emission reduction, and vigorously develop circular economy, which is an inevitable choice for China to change its development mode and adjust its economic structure.
From the perspective of potential, China's energy-saving and environmental protection industries have great potential and broad prospects for promoting economic growth. The total output value of energy-saving service industry can exceed 300 billion yuan; The market space of industrial waste recycling is huge; The investment in the construction of urban sewage garbage and desulfurization and denitrification facilities can exceed 800 billion yuan, and the total output value of environmental services will reach 500 billion yuan.
The Plan has solicited opinions from relevant departments, relevant industry associations and experts in the State Council four times in writing, and collected hundreds of feedback opinions, most of which have been adopted or partially adopted. During the period, we also specially investigated the major key technologies that have a significant driving role during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, and solicited opinions from the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Academy of Engineering and industry experts on related technologies for many times, striving to accurately grasp the technical direction and key areas of energy conservation and environmental protection industry development during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period. Coordination and communication with relevant departments for many times on relevant policies and measures are in line with the Outline of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan and the Decision of the State Council on Accelerating the Cultivation and Development of Strategic Emerging Industries (Guo Fa [2010] No.32).
Q: What are the guiding ideology, principles and development goals of developing energy-saving and environmental protection industries?
A: Different from general competitive industries, energy conservation and environmental protection industries are typical policies and regulations-driven industries. Therefore, the guiding ideology put forward in the plan is to promote the construction of a resource-saving and environment-friendly society and meet the urgent needs of the people for improving the ecological environment.
The basic principles are: driven by policy mechanism, led by technological innovation, driven by key projects, standardized market order and innovative service mode.
The main development goals are: rapid growth of industrial scale, substantial improvement of technical equipment level, gradual expansion of market share of energy-saving and environmental protection products, and rapid development of energy-saving and environmental protection service industry. By 20 15, the total output value of energy conservation and environmental protection industries will reach 4.5 trillion yuan, and the added value will account for about 2% of GDP. The output value of energy conservation and environmental protection industries has increased by more than 15% annually, and a number of large energy conservation and environmental protection enterprise groups with international competitiveness have been cultivated.
Q: What are the development priorities of energy conservation and environmental protection industries in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan?
A: The Plan defines the key areas for the development of energy-saving industry, resource recycling industry and environmental protection industry during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period.
1. Energy saving industry. Energy-saving technology and equipment focus on high-efficiency boiler kiln, motor and driving equipment, waste heat and pressure utilization equipment, energy-saving instruments and equipment; Energy-saving products focus on energy-efficient household appliances and office equipment, efficient lighting products, energy-saving cars and new energy-saving building materials; The focus of energy-saving service is to implement contract energy management.
2. Resource recycling industry. Emphasis is placed on the comprehensive utilization of mineral resources, solid waste, remanufacturing, renewable resources utilization, kitchen waste utilization, agricultural and forestry waste utilization, and water resources conservation and utilization.
3. Environmental protection industry. Environmental protection technology and equipment focus on advanced sewage treatment, garbage disposal, air pollution control, hazardous waste and soil pollution control and monitoring equipment; Environmental protection products are mainly environmental protection materials and chemicals; Environmental protection services focus on the marketization and socialization of the construction and operation of pollution control facilities, and improve the service system of financing, consultation and evaluation.
In addition, the plan also puts forward key technologies in key areas during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period in the form of columns.
Q: What key projects are put forward in the plan?
A: Around the work direction determined in key areas, eight major projects have been put forward, including major energy-saving technology and equipment industrialization project, semiconductor lighting industrialization and application project, "urban mineral" demonstration project, remanufacturing industrialization project, industrial waste resource utilization project, major environmental protection technology and equipment and product industrialization demonstration project, seawater desalination industrial base construction project and energy-saving and environmental protection service industry cultivation project.
Q: What policy measures are proposed in the plan?
A: The Plan proposes seven policy measures. First, improve the price, charging and land policies, such as studying and formulating a price policy to encourage power generation with residual heat and pressure, imposing a punitive electricity price for those whose energy consumption exceeds the limit standard, studying and formulating a denitration electricity price policy for coal-fired power plants, improving the sewage and garbage charging system, and giving priority to ensuring land for environmental protection facilities. Second, increase fiscal and taxation policy support, arrange special funds for energy conservation and emission reduction and circular economy from the central government, support key projects for energy conservation and emission reduction and key projects for energy conservation and environmental protection industry development, improve preferential tax policies for energy conservation, water conservation, environmental protection and comprehensive utilization, and levy environmental protection tax on mature tax items. Third, broaden the investment and financing channels, explore loans pledged by charging rights, support energy-saving and environmental protection enterprises to issue bonds and short-term financing bills, support energy-saving and environmental protection enterprises to go public for financing and set up industrial investment funds. Fourth, improve the import and export policies, encourage the export of energy-saving and environmental protection equipment products by improving the export seller's credit and buyer's credit policies, give priority to supporting energy-saving and environmental protection projects such as environmental infrastructure construction in foreign aid, establish import renewable resources processing zones, and exempt key parts and raw materials that really need to be imported for manufacturing large-scale energy-saving and environmental protection equipment from import duties and import value-added tax. Fifth, strengthen technical support, publish the technical catalogue of energy-saving and environmental protection industries, set up a national engineering research center and a national engineering laboratory, build a technological innovation platform for energy-saving and environmental protection industries, and support research on key technologies. Sixth, improve laws and regulations, establish and improve the system of laws and regulations on energy conservation and environmental protection, gradually improve the energy efficiency standards of key energy-using products, improve the pollutant discharge standard system, and give full play to the role of standards in promoting industrial development. Seventh, strengthen supervision and management, strictly enforce the law, implement responsibilities, rectify and standardize market order, promote fair competition, and create a good market environment for the development of energy-saving and environmental protection industries.
Q: How is the plan organized and implemented?
A: The plan points out that it should be implemented smoothly. All regions should formulate specific implementation plans according to the objectives, tasks, policies and measures determined in the Plan and combined with local conditions to ensure effective results. The National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Environmental Protection will further refine the division of tasks to ensure the decomposition and implementation of various tasks; At the same time, the follow-up analysis, supervision and inspection of the implementation of the plan will be strengthened.