1. Normal loan: The borrower can normally perform the contract and repay the principal and interest. There are no negative factors affecting the loan principal and interest and full repayment. The bank is fully confident that the borrower can repay the loan principal and interest in full and on time. The probability of loan loss is 0. Pay attention to loans. Although the borrower has the ability to repay the loan principal and interest, there are some factors that may adversely affect the repayment. If these factors persist, the borrower's repayment ability will be affected and the probability of loan loss will not exceed 5%. For subprime loans, there are obvious problems in the borrower's repayment ability, and it is impossible to fully repay the loan principal and interest by relying entirely on its normal operating income. Interest needs to be repaid by disposing of assets, financing from outside and even implementing mortgage guarantee. The probability of loan loss is 30%-50%.
2. Loan (electronic receipt credit loan) is simply understood as borrowing money with interest. Loan is a form of credit activity in which banks or other financial institutions lend monetary funds at a certain interest rate and must return them. Loans in a broad sense refer to loans, discounts, overdrafts and other borrowing funds. Banks put concentrated money and monetary funds out through loans, which can meet the needs of social expansion and reproduction and promote economic development. At the same time, banks can also obtain loan interest income and increase their own accumulation.
3. The "three principles" refer to safety, liquidity and efficiency, and are the fundamental principles of commercial banks' loan operation. Article 4 of People's Republic of China (PRC) Commercial Bank Law stipulates: "Commercial banks should operate independently, bear their own risks, be responsible for their own profits and losses, and be self-disciplined, and take safety, liquidity and efficiency as their operating principles." Loan security is the primary problem faced by commercial banks; Liquidity refers to the ability to recover the loan according to the predetermined time limit or realize it quickly without loss to meet the needs of customers to withdraw deposits at any time; Efficiency is the basis of sustainable operation of banks. For example, if a long-term loan is issued, the interest rate will be higher than that of a short-term loan, and the benefit will be good. However, if the loan term is long, the risk will increase, the security will decrease and the liquidity will weaken. Therefore, the "three natures" should be harmonious, so that there can be no problem with the loan.