The word "Mortgage" is a cantonese transliteration of the English word "mortgage", which refers to the loan method for buying a house or shopping. The purchased house or goods are used as collateral to borrow money from the bank and then repaid in installments. For example, housing mortgage loan is a personal housing loan business in which buyers use the purchased houses as collateral and the purchased real estate enterprises provide phased guarantees. The so-called mortgage means that the mortgagor transfers the property rights of the house to mortgage, and the beneficiary acts as the repayment guarantor. After the mortgagor pays off the loan, the property rights involved are immediately transferred to the mortgagor, and the mortgagor enjoys the right to use in this process. Expansion: the origin of mortgage The word "mortgage" was originally a local dialect and was found in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. From the end of 1980s, it gradually appeared in Chinese mainland from south to north. Except for the China Special Administrative Region, there is no provision on mortgage in the law. Before Hong Kong's return to the motherland, the provisions on mortgage in Hong Kong were broadly defined and narrowly defined. Mortgage in a broad sense refers to any form of pledge (pledge is the mortgage of movable property) and mortgage; Narrow mortgage refers to transferring the property to the lender's name, and then transferring the property back to the borrower's (mortgagor's) name after the loan is paid off. The mortgage stipulated in Chinese mainland's Urban Real Estate Management Law and Guarantee Law is different from that in Hong Kong, that is, the definition of mortgage in these two laws is based on the condition of not transferring possession. "Mortgage" has two meanings: real estate mortgage and installment repayment. It refers to a loan method in which a bank issues a purchase of owner-occupied housing to a natural person with full capacity for civil conduct, and repays the loan with the property house purchased by him as a mortgage, and repays the principal and interest of the loan on a monthly basis. It is divided into individual housing commercial loans (commercial loans) and individual housing provident fund loans (referred to as provident fund loans). Specifically, the mortgage loan refers to the purchase of the building as collateral to obtain loans from the bank, and the purchase of the house pays the bank in installments according to the repayment method and time limit agreed in the mortgage contract; Banks charge interest at a certain rate. If the lender defaults, the bank has the right to take away the house. Mortgage originated in western countries and belongs to a legal relationship in common law system. Later, it introduced the mainland real estate market from Hong Kong in the 1990s. It was first tried by Shenzhen Construction Bank, and then gradually popularized in the mainland. Because of its frequent appearance in the real estate field and its formal use in this paper, its meaning has gradually evolved into "mortgage loan", which has been officially called "personal purchase of commercial housing mortgage loan" in China. Buying a house by mortgage means that the mortgagor takes the mortgage beneficiary of property right transfer as the repayment guarantee. After the mortgagor pays off the loan, the beneficiary immediately transfers the property rights involved to the mortgagor, and in the process, the mortgagor enjoys the right to use the property.