Recently, a reporter from "21st Century Business Herald" learned that with the strengthening of real estate financial supervision policies, major state-owned banks in Shenzhen and other places have recently tightened the loan conditions for real estate operating loans, and the quotas have also been reduced. tight.
Some people from major banks said that recently the bank has raised the compliance review threshold for personal operating loans, tightened the mortgage rate, and conducted thorough review of corporate capital flows. Among them, the speed of mortgage loans for residential properties has slowed down, and mortgage loans for shops and apartments in poor locations have basically stopped.
Another major banker said that major banks have recently tightened their policies on housing-related loans. The flow of funds for real estate loans is the focus of the inspection. "We have already checked it once before, and now we have to check it a second time. All lines must be checked. Property mortgage loans in the real estate business are the focus of the inspection."
"House mortgage" has become one of the important risk mitigation methods for small and micro enterprise loans. Coupled with big data risk control methods, some banks have moved housing mortgage loans online, and the scale has increased rapidly. According to the bank's semi-annual report, as of the end of June, personal operating loans of ICBC and Agricultural Bank of China increased by 25.8 and 24.4, CCB's inclusive finance loans increased by 295.754 billion yuan compared with the end of the previous year, and Bank of China's inclusive small and micro enterprise loans increased by 39% year-on-year.
Increased compliance requirements
As for the reasons for the tightening of personal operating loans, industry insiders pointed out that on the one hand, regulatory compliance requirements for mortgage loans and other businesses continue to increase; On the one hand, the pace of bank credit has slowed down after the third quarter, and the peak of credit is concentrated in the first and second quarters.
In recent years, using real estate in one's name as collateral has become one of the risk assessment methods for small and micro enterprise loans. In line with policy requirements to speed up the issuance of small and micro loans and support the real economy, the housing mortgage loan business has been rapidly promoted by major banks. Most of the bank's mortgage business is personal business loans or small and micro enterprise legal person mortgage business loans. At present, major state-owned banks and joint-stock banks all have home mortgage loan business, and some joint-stock banks have even slightly relaxed the second home mortgage loan business since last year.
Some insiders said that the real estate market in first-tier cities such as Shenzhen is relatively highly financialized and the transaction volume is active. If the company's capital flow is tight, many small and micro business owners will mortgage their properties to banks to obtain funds. In recent years, after banks have increased investment in financial technology, they have provided mortgage guarantees for houses under their names online, and the scale of RMB loans applied to banks for personal consumption, business and other purposes has also increased rapidly.
However, after the rapid expansion of housing loans, housing mortgage loans were accused of having some funds flowing into the property market, which attracted regulatory and market attention. In April this year, regulatory authorities in many places issued notices to investigate the illegal flow of housing mortgage loan funds into the real estate market.
For example, the Shenzhen Banking and Insurance Regulatory Bureau and the Shenzhen People's Bank of China have requested to strengthen the monitoring of the use of funds for real estate mortgage business loans and not to flow into the real estate sector in violation of regulations. All banks are required to quickly carry out comprehensive investigations, and loans found to have been illegally misappropriated in the real estate field must be recovered within a time limit. The Sichuan Banking and Insurance Regulatory Bureau is investigating the illegal flow of "housing mortgage loans", personal consumption loans, and business loans from banks within its jurisdiction into the real estate market, and requires some banks to provide cases and detailed data, especially the flow of real estate mortgage loans into the real estate market since the epidemic. .
Xiao Yuanqi, Chief Risk Officer and Spokesperson of the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, also responded to the Shenzhen “housing mortgage” issue at the first quarter operation and development conference of the banking and insurance industry. He said that if you apply for a real estate mortgage, Loans, whether mortgages or operating loans, require banks to monitor the flow of funds to ensure that the funds flow to the target when applying, and if they flow to the real estate market, they must resolutely correct it.
Subsequently, on July 15 this year, Shenzhen’s real estate control policy was upgraded. Among them, the house mortgage contract should be signed online through the real estate information platform. In September, a marriage information query mechanism was launched to close the loopholes in "fake divorce" real estate speculation. Under strict control, the second-hand housing market in Shenzhen and other places quickly froze. According to Shenzhen Zhongyuan data, in September, the number of second-hand housing transactions in Shenzhen was 8,577 units, a month-on-month decrease of 24.2%.
Some people from major banks in Shenzhen said that the current housing mortgage loan business requires a thorough look at the company's capital flow and verification of the final capital flow. The housing mortgage loan requirements are more stringent than before.
Mortgage loans are growing rapidly
Due to the complexity of real estate transactions, the types of properties that can be mortgaged to banks include residences, shops, apartments, etc., and the loan flow is mainly for small and micro enterprises. Personal consumption.
With the recent tightening of housing mortgage loans by some major banks in Shenzhen, some major banks have slowed down the lending speed of residential housing mortgage loans, and have basically stopped issuing housing mortgage loans for shops and apartments in poor locations.
Mortgage mortgage policies change frequently. For example, in June this year, affected by the "Shenzhen-High-South Degree Controversy," a list of risky single-apartment properties from joint-stock banks was circulated in Shenzhen, including 96 properties. The relevant banks stated that they should "pay close attention to the price fluctuations of such projects. Be prudent in making mortgage loans.”
In recent years, bank mortgage loans have grown rapidly and become one of the important ways to increase loans to small and micro enterprises. Some banks have made mortgage loans online.
According to the bank’s semi-annual report, among the four major banks, as of the end of June, ICBC’s (601398, Stock Bar) personal operating loans increased by 89.263 billion yuan, an increase of 25.8%, mainly due to operating quick loans and e-delivery loans. This is due to the rapid growth of online loan products in inclusive fields such as loans. China Construction Bank (601939, Stock Bar) had an inclusive finance loan balance of 1.258909 billion yuan at the end of June, an increase of 295.754 billion yuan from the end of the previous year. The balance of inclusive small and micro enterprise loans of Bank of China (601988, Stock Bar) was 525.4 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 39%. Agricultural Bank of China's personal business loans increased by 24.4% compared with the end of the previous year.
ICBC’s official website shows that the bank operates Quick Loan to provide online financing to small and micro customers. The maximum loan limit for a single household is 5 million yuan. By providing mortgages, pledges and other credit enhancement measures, the maximum loan amount can be up to 10 million yuan. , application channels include mobile banking, customs single window platform, State Grid electricity bill online banking, etc. The maximum loan amount for a single household mortgaged by e-quick loan is not more than RMB 5 million for real estate in cities listed on the list, including real estate mortgages in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Xiamen, Nanjing, Hangzhou, Suzhou, Dongguan, Chongqing, Zhengzhou and other cities. The maximum loan amount for a single household shall not exceed 10 million yuan.
The Bank of China’s website shows that the bank’s “personal business loans” can be used for both project operations and capital turnover. The amount generally does not exceed 5 million yuan, and the maximum term does not exceed 5 years. It supports real estate mortgages, Guarantee methods such as pledge of valuable rights, guarantee guarantee, and credit. In addition, the maximum "personal commercial housing loan" limit is 50% of the total price of the purchased commercial housing (the lower of the assessed price and the transaction price is applied for second-hand commercial housing for individuals), and the maximum term of the personal commercial housing loan is 10 years.