However, I guess you'll give me some points!

the world pattern includes the world economic pattern and the world political pattern, and the world economic pattern changes faster than the world political pattern. The game of North-South economic forces is an important factor to promote the change of the world economic structure. The so-called South refers to southern countries, that is, developing countries that gained independence and sovereignty before and after the Second World War. The so-called North means that the northern countries, that is, developed countries, are concentrated in the OECD, which is called the "Club of Rich Countries". North-South relations are reflected in the mutual cooperation and struggle in politics, economy, science and technology, security and military affairs, among which the most prominent is the gradual change in the comparison of economic strength between North and South. According to the data published by the United Nations and its affiliated institutions, in 198s, the GDP growth rate of southern countries was higher than that of northern countries, but the per capita GDP growth rate was lower than that of northern countries. However, since the 199s, developing countries as a whole have not only narrowed the gap with developed countries in economic aggregate, but also narrowed the gap with developed countries on the premise of increasing population base. In the first decade of the 21st century, the growth rates of GDP and GDP per capita in developing countries, as well as the growth rates of private consumption, investment in fixed assets and foreign trade, which drive economic growth, continued to be higher than those in developed countries. Change is eternal, and the only constant in the world is change. People should no longer look at the status and role of developing countries from a static point of view. As the economy of developing countries grows faster than that of developed countries, the gap between North and South will tend to narrow and the world economic structure will change, which is an inevitable result.

First, Asia takes the lead in rising

Asia occupies about one-third of the world's land area, and its population accounts for about three-fifths of the world's total population. It is the largest continent in the world and has had its own glory in the history of world economic development. In 182, the global economy totaled 695 billion US dollars, with French, British and American accounting for 5.4%, 5.2% and 1.8% respectively, while China and Indian accounted for 28.7% and 16% respectively. However, with the industrial revolution, western powers carried out large-scale colonial expansion and aggression against Asia. However, after World War II, due to the comprehensive effect of many factors, a number of countries and regions with leap-forward development emerged first in Asia. In 196s and 197s, Taiwan Province, South Korea, Hongkong and Singapore made great efforts to develop export-oriented economies, and successively took off as "dragons", which were praised by the international community as "NIES" in Asia. From 198s to 199s, Malaysia and Thailand "quasi-emerging industrial economies" as well as Indonesia and the Philippines also accelerated their economic development in order to become emerging industrial countries at an early date. In particular, China's economic reforms in the late 197s, Viet Nam's in the mid-198s and India's in the early 199s have promoted their respective economies to take off and played a "pulling effect" on the sustained and rapid growth of East Asia and even Asia. In the ten years from 1997 to 27, Asian countries and regions overcame the negative impact of the financial crisis and became the fastest and most dynamic regions in the world. The GDP of emerging Asian economies grew at an average annual rate of over 9%, which contributed more and more to the world economic growth. Japan's Fuji Sankei Shimbun reported on April 4, 28 that in 27, the nominal GDP of major Asian countries and regions such as China, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan Province, Hong Kong and 1 ASEAN countries reached 11.7 trillion US dollars, six times that of 198. Emerging economies such as China and India have replaced Japan as the engine of Asian economic development, and the "flying geese model" with Japan as the leading goose has long since ceased to exist. John? Naisbitt pointed out in his book Asian Megatrends that in the past 15 years, the West has enjoyed progress and prosperity, while Asia has suffered from poverty and hunger. Now, Asia is on the road of economic revival, which will enable them to regain the glory and glory that their previous civilization had.

Second, the rapid development of emerging powers

O 'Neill, the head and chief economist of the global economic research department of Goldman Sachs Group, began to pay attention to and study the possible economic development of China, India, Russia and Brazil at the beginning of this century, and published the research report "Dreaming with BRIC countries-the road to 25" in 23, and put forward "BRIC" BRIC countries are all big countries. Although Russia's economy declined severely and Brazil's economy fell into zero growth in this rare financial crisis, due to the pull of China and India's economy, the proportion of BRIC countries' total economy in global GDP rose from 13% in 27 to 15% in 29, which has become an international force that cannot be ignored and accelerated the changes in the economic structure between the North and the South. Following the BRIC countries, Goldman Sachs Group of the United States introduced the concept of "Diamond Eleven Countries" in 27 (Philippines, Bangladesh, Egypt, Indonesia, Iran, South Korea, Mexico, Nigeria, Pakistan, Turkey and Vietnam), pointing out that during the four years from 24 to 27, the average economic growth rate of the eleven countries was about 5.9%, twice the average growth rate of European countries. In 27, Japan's BRIC Institute put forward a new term "VISTA", which refers to Vietnam, Indonesia, South Africa, Turkey and Argentina. It is believed that these five countries have great development potential and their economies will develop rapidly in the next few decades. According to the calculation of Japan's BRIC Institute, from 25 to 25, the economic scale of the G-7 countries in the West will be at most 2.5 times compared with the present, the BRIC countries will be expanded to 2 times, and the prospect five countries may be expanded to 28 times. Although this is only a prospect and expectation for the future, it reflects the changing trend of the future development of the North-South economy from one side.

members of BRIC countries, Diamond Eleven countries and Outlook Five countries are labeled as emerging markets, emerging economies and emerging industrial countries by the international community. What is an emerging market or an emerging economy? How many emerging markets or economies are there? At present, there are no clear definition standards and accurate figures, but what is certain is that emerging markets or emerging economies have spread all over Asia, Africa, South America, Eastern Europe and the Middle East, forming "emerging economic groups". Emerging economies belong to developing countries, so it is an indisputable fact that developing countries have risen and taken off. Farid zakaria, former editor-in-chief of American Foreign Affairs magazine and editor-in-chief of Newsweek International, believes that countries outside the industrialized West have developed at an unimaginable speed in the past 2 years. This means the rise of the other-the rise of the rest of the world (see Newsweek, May 12, 28). The so-called "the rise of the other or the rise of other parts of the world" not only includes the rise of Asia and developing countries full of economic vitality, but also includes the "quiet great changes" that are taking place in other regions and other developing countries. Every major crisis will bring about great changes, leading to the adjustment and change of the world economic structure. This economic crisis and financial crisis originated in the United States are even more so. The Anglo-Saxon development model of the United States, the financial innovation system of the United States, the neo-liberalism promoted by the United States and the role of international financial institutions have all been widely questioned. The G-2 Summit in Pittsburgh weakened the role of the G-8, and made the G-2 including 1 emerging economies the "most important forum for international economic cooperation" and the "new coordinating group for the world economy", which indicated that the top three leading the world economy were unable to solve global problems alone, marked that the large emerging economies with growing influence had improved their status and expanded their voice in the global economic system, and marked that the world economic structure had undergone new changes.

Third, emerging economies and developing countries still have the foundation for sustainable development

Considering from all aspects, the world economy fell into the worst economic recession since World War II in 29. Although the economic contraction of developed economies decreased in the second and third quarters, the general trend of recession of the world economy and developed economies is a foregone conclusion and will not be reversed. Under the influence of economic globalization, the financial crisis and economic recession in developed countries have slowly extended to developing countries, which has been dragged down and affected. Large emerging economies such as Russia, Brazil, Mexico and South Africa have experienced different degrees of economic contraction. However, the economic performance of developing countries as a whole is still better than that of developed countries. According to the World Bank's forecast, the GDP of developing countries will increase by about 2.1% in 29, which is in sharp contrast with the economic performance of developed countries exceeding minus 3%.

from the analysis of the current actual situation, the worst period of the international financial crisis has basically passed, and the world economy has begun to bottom out. The main reason is that the panic index (VIX Volatility Index) has dropped below 3%, indicating that investors' panic about the market outlook has begun to decrease; Enterprises' desire for investment began to increase, and banks began to change their policy of sparing loans; PMI continues to rise; Consumer confidence began to pick up; The number of people applying for unemployment for the first time began to decline; The stock market rebounded. Although the above-mentioned six economic bottoming indicators have improved, they are only at the beginning. In addition, there are still many uncertain factors, toxic assets have not been eliminated, debt crises and bank failures have occurred from time to time. Therefore, the foundation of world economic recovery is still not solid, and the economic recovery is still fragile. It is impossible for the world economy and developed economies to return to the growth level from 22 to 27 in a short period of time, and they will continue to slide on the track of low growth or even recession for two or three years. If all countries, especially the G2, can truly "help each other in the same boat", shift financial assistance to support the real economy, remove obstacles to sustained growth, change macro policies and not pass on the crisis to other countries, then there is little chance of a "double-dip recession" in the global economy in 21, but after several quarters of recovery and growth, it is possible for individual countries to see their economic growth decline again. Due to the appreciation of the yen and deflation, in order to prevent the economy from falling again after rebounding, the Bank of Japan kept the benchmark interest rate unchanged at .1% on December 1, 29, and will provide 1 trillion yen to the financial system through new loan instruments to increase liquidity. The report "World Economic Situation and Prospects in 21" published by the United Nations predicts that the world economic growth rate in 21 will be only 2.4%. It is an important positive change for the world economy to change from negative growth in 29 to positive growth in 21. However, according to the traditional definition of the International Monetary Fund, the growth rate of the world economy is below 2.5%, which is considered as a world economic recession, so the world economy will still be in recession or on the verge of recession in 21.

However, in the world economic adversity, the trend that emerging economies and developing countries are developing at a higher economic growth rate than developed countries has not changed, and their development prospects are still sustainable. The main reasons are as follows: First, the consumer market demand of emerging economies and developing countries is huge; Second, emerging economies and developing countries have abundant foreign exchange reserves and domestic savings; Third, R&D expenditures in emerging economies and developing countries have increased significantly, and high-tech industries are gradually emerging; Fourth, the number and market value of emerging multinational companies formed by emerging economies and developing countries are increasing in the world's top 5; Fifth, emerging economies and developing countries actively promote the signing of bilateral and multilateral free trade agreements. There are 29 free trade zones and free trade agreements in the world, and intra-regional trade has accounted for 5% of world trade; Sixth, the trade development index of emerging economies and developing countries, that is, the ability to transform trade surplus into their own social and economic development is gradually increasing; Seventh, the trade between emerging economies and developing countries has surged under the situation of enhanced global trade protection. In view of the above situation, developing countries as a whole will grow at a rate of 5.1% in 21, in which the economic growth rate of emerging economies is about 6%, while that of developed countries is only about 1.75% (the forecast value of the International Monetary Fund is 1.3%). Thus, emerging economies still have great room to catch up with developed economies and will play an increasingly important role in the global economy, which will certainly contribute to the changes in the world economic structure and the world economic and political order.

the rise of emerging economic groups is a typical embodiment of the changes in the world economic structure. As World Bank President Zoellick said, a distinctive feature of the future world economic structure is the rise of major emerging economies. Before the financial crisis, these economies began to rise, and the subsequent crisis accelerated the pace of their rise. Asia is the "center of the emerging world". When the world economy is picking up, the momentum of Asian economic recovery is faster and stronger than any other region in the world. Singaporean Senior Minister Lee Kuan Yew said that the economic growth of China and India has supported the Asian economy, and even if the US economy slows down, Asia will not fall into recession (Nihon Keizai Shimbun, April 3, 28). The British "Economist" predicts that emerging Asian countries will show a V-shaped reversal. In the next five years, the average annual GDP growth rate will be 7-8%, and its recovery rate is more than three times the average speed of all countries in the world. Therefore, Asia is a new source of world economic growth, and the focus of world economic development is shifting to Asia. Under the guidance of Asia, it is estimated that the total economic output of emerging economies and developing countries will account for 5% of global GDP around 22. In May, 28, the Japanese magazine Forbes published Lee Kuan Yew's article entitled "Asia is the center of the world economy". He predicted that in the next 2 years, the average annual economic growth rate of China and India will exceed 9%, and that of other East Asian countries will be about 7.5%. By 23, Asia will account for 5% of the world's gross domestic product and return to the position of "the first in the world". At the informal meeting of APEC leaders held in Singapore in November 29, Obama had to emphasize the importance of Asia to the United States, declaring that the era of the United States leaving the fastest growing region in the world was over and the United States would return to Asia.

fourth, economic strength is the basis of economic power distribution and changes in the world economic structure

The new situation of world economic development will inevitably lead to a chain reaction of international economic relations, changes in the world structure and adjustments in the international economic and political order. As France's "Young Africa" pointed out, "Crisis is like a storm or tornado, and the scene changes everywhere. When the crisis is over, we will find a different world, and the world pattern has naturally changed. " Facts show that the United States has suffered multiple challenges in the financial crisis and economic recession, which are as follows: the status of the United States as the first economic power has been challenged; The ability of the United States to govern the world is challenged; The international order dominated by the United States is challenged; The privileged position of the dollar is challenged, and so on. These challenges boil down to the fact that the world pattern should not be dominated by the "unipolar world", and developed economies such as the United States should recognize and accept this objective reality.

the rise of emerging economies and the transformation of the world economic structure are, in the final analysis, the result of the law of unbalanced economic development. Over the past 15 years since the Proclamation of the Productive Party was published, the world pattern has generally experienced Britain.