Tax refund for self-export and export through foreign trade companies.

Business people often ask some strange financial questions, most of which are very basic. Let me briefly talk about my understanding as a business person, which may be helpful to friends who don't know. If you think it's helpful, please hold it up for more people to see. Thank you! Also welcome to discuss financial issues in the post. )

As a business person, in fact, financial problems can be simplified into three factors: first, income, including sales income. The second is cost, including the cost of purchasing goods and other transportation costs.

Third, the taxes to be paid to the state: mainly value-added tax. Some products also involve other taxes.

The simplest case is that there is no national tax. When doing business, the price is 150 yuan, and the purchase cost is 100 yuan (excluding tax), so the profit is 150- 100 = 50 yuan.

In most cases, it needs to be turned over to the national tax. For example, the goods sold are 175.5 yuan, and the purchase cost is 1 17 yuan (including tax 17%). What is the profit of the enterprise? At this time, it is not (175.5- 1 17) yuan. Break down sales revenue and purchase cost:

Sales revenue 175.5 yuan, including income excluding tax and output tax.

Sales revenue excluding tax =175.5/1.17 =150 yuan, and output tax = 150x0. 17=25.5.

The purchase cost is 1 17 yuan, including the purchase cost excluding tax and input tax.

The purchase cost excluding tax =117/17 =100 yuan, and the input tax =100x0.17 =10.

State value-added tax payable = output tax-input tax =25.5- 17=8.5 yuan.

As you can see, the calculation formula is:

Formula 1: sales revenue including tax-purchase cost including tax = enterprise profit+tax paid (175.5-17 = 50+8.5).

Formula 2: Enterprise profit = sales revenue excluding tax-procurement cost excluding tax (150- 100=50).

Give some examples of financial accounting in common foreign trade situations:

The first case: if it is a trading company, it does not involve production. There are two situations here, A and B.

A. The trading company purchases from the factory, and the price of each piece is 1 17 RMB, excluding tax. If your company stipulates that each item must earn 50 yuan RMB, then the export price is (1 17+50) RMB, divided by the exchange rate of 7.6, which is $22. (Of course, invoicing is illegal.

B. For purchasing from the factory, the factory will issue a VAT invoice of 17, and the price including tax is 1 17 yuan. If the tax rebate rate of this commodity is 9% stipulated by the state, each export income can be117/1.17 * 0.

Let's talk about the second case first, the factory exports directly. This case is more complicated. )

Assuming that the tax rebate rate for export products is 9%, the purchase price of raw materials still includes 17 cent VAT 1 17 RMB.

Question: How to price each product to earn RMB profit in 50 yuan? Suppose the export FOB price is y.

Export FOB includes tax, first 17% and then 9%, so it can be regarded as including (17%-9%)=8% tax.

1. Export sales revenue including tax: y

2. Theoretical export tax rebate income: Yx9%

3. Purchase cost including tax: 1 17

4. Taxes payable: output =Yx0.08- 17.

From the formula 1, we can get:

y- 1 17 = 50+0.08y- 17

Y= 150/0.92= 163 yuan, converted into USD 163/7.6=2 1.5 USD.

From the upstairs example, we can see that the domestic sales price is 175.5 yuan and the export price is 163 yuan under the same purchasing conditions and profit targets. The reason why the export price is lower than the domestic price is because of the tax rebate subsidy. It can also be calculated by Formula 2. The export price can be roughly regarded as 8% tax, so the export price without tax is Y/ 1.08 (or YX 0.998).

y/ 1.08- 100 = 50(0.92y- 100 = 50)

Y = 150 x 1.08 = 162(Y = 150/0.92 = 163)

The tax basis of these two algorithms are slightly different, and both can be used to estimate the basic quotation. Personally, I think the algorithm of formula 1 is more accurate.

According to this price, the actual operation of factory export tax rebate is:

Theoretical export tax rebate = 163x0.09= 14.7.

Current tax payable =163x0.08-17 =13.04-17 =-3.96.

The absolute value of the current tax payable is less than the theoretical tax refund, 3.95438+03.4.

Ant was published on 2007-10-1419: 39.

At this time, the theoretical tax refund income 13.4 yuan can be fully refunded to the enterprise account.

So let's take a look at the critical point of this non-invoicing problem:

Normal VAT price: (117+50-9)/7.6 = 20.8.

Then the price excluding VAT stamp: 20.8*7.6-50= 108.08.

That is to say, if we don't want to issue a VAT bill, and the price is the invoiced price: 8.08%, then at this time, the tax refund can be made with or without invoicing.

The same; Then abstract it:

If tax is not included, the price is: h.

VAT: 17%

The tax rebate rate is: g

Exchange rate: 7.5

The fixed profit is: y

Critical point: s

Then the above calculation is as follows:

Price including tax: =H*( 1+ 17%)

Tax refund income = h * (1+17%)/1.17 * g.

If you want to earn Y regularly, you need H * (1+17%)+Y-H * (1+17%)/1.17 * g at this time.

Converted to USD: /7.6

H *( 1+S)+Y = H *( 1+ 17%)+Y-H *( 1+ 17%)/ 1. 17 * G

Then this critical point s can be:

S=0. 17-G

In this way, you can calculate whether the quotation given by the factory has reached this critical point S, and if it has, it makes no difference whether it is invoiced or not.

Ant was published on 2007-10-1419: 40.

Supplement: a tripartite quotation problem

A factory has the right to import and export, and the export price for foreign guests is 163 RMB, which is 163/7.6 = 2 1.5 USD when converted into US dollars.

However, A doesn't want to export by herself. It is exported through the agent of foreign trade company B. How much invoice does it issue to B at this time?

Theoretical calculation:

Company 1. A the exit itself. If the tax rebate is 9%, it can be regarded as the export tax-included price 17%-9%=8%.

It is regarded as the price excluding tax:163/1.08 =150.9 yuan (personally, it is more accurate to use 163x0.92= 150).

2. If Party A exports through agent B, the amount on the proliferation tax bill issued by Company A to Company B should be (163/1.08) x1.17 =176.6 yuan. Why is it higher than the domestic price of A 175.5? Because the tax base is a little different when calculating. Personally, I still think that the billing amount is more accurate with163x0.92x1.17 =175.5, but all I encounter are163/1.08x1.

At this time, the tax refund amount is (163/1.08) x 0.09 =13.6 yuan.

3.a. Let's say that Company B buys from Factory A, and then sells it to its foreign guests with a profit target.

Under normal operation, the sales of a factory to a foreign trade company B are regarded as domestic sales, that is, 175.5 yuan, and the profit target of B is 20. B how much should I quote the foreign guests?

Tax refund first (175.5/1.17) x 0.09 =13.5.

Therefore, the price quoted by B is175.5+20-13.5 =182 yuan, which translates into 182/7.6=23.95 USD.

B. Many factories only need to add 6%- 10% to the tax-free price to issue a diffusion tax bill.

If tax is not included and 8% is added, a diffusion tax bill will be issued.

The amount on the VAT bill issued by Company A to Company B is150x1.08 =162 yuan.

Tax refund amount (162/1.17) x 0.09 =12.5 yuan,

If the profit target of Company B is 20 yuan, then the price quoted to foreign guests is162+20-12.5 =169.5 yuan, which is 169.5/7.6=22.3 in US dollars.

If the price excluding tax is 20 yuan and the profit target is 150+20= 170 yuan.

Ant was published on 2007-10-1419: 40.

How much tax can I get if I quote FOB?

Some single oil companies think that the CFR or CIF price terms in the customs declaration can be quoted as FOB prices, so that more tax rebates can be obtained. I beg to differ. The following are some of my views, welcome to correct me.

The amount of tax refund is related to the amount on the customs declaration, but it is worth noting that the ways and methods of tax refund are different under the two export modes of production enterprises and foreign trade companies. So to put it simply, it is ridiculous to report FOB for more tax refund. Let's talk specifically about the impact of these two ways on tax refund:

(1) Production enterprises export by themselves.

The tax refund amount of the production enterprise is as follows: customs declaration amount FOB (USD) * exchange rate * tax refund rate (for example, 13%).

In order to calculate,

Do you think the higher the FOB price, the more tax rebate? What it looks like on the surface, but don't forget that products that earn sales revenue are taxable.

For example, Fob$900 and freight $ 100, then CFR is $ 1000, the tax rebate rate is set to 13%, and the current exchange rate is 7.5.

One: the report is CFR, and the enterprise income is

900*7.5=6750

The tax paid is 900 * * 7.5 *17% =1147.5.

Tax refund: 900**7.5* 13%=877.5.

The actual income of the enterprise is: 6750-1147.5+877.5 = 6480.

Two: the quotation is FOB, and the income of the enterprise is

900*7.5=6750 (here 100 USD freight is of course deducted).

The tax paid is:1000 * 7.5 *17% =1275.

Tax refund: 1000*7.5* 13%=975.

The actual income of the enterprise is: 6750- 1275+975=6450.

By comparison, you will find that if CFR reported FOB, the actual income of enterprises would be less than that of 30 yuan.

On the surface, you get too much tax refund, but you also pay too much tax. The difference between them is 4% (17%- 13%). Therefore, under the mode of self-export of production enterprises,

Declaring Cfr as FOB will not get more tax refund.

(2) Foreign trade companies export as agents.

The export tax rebate of foreign trade companies is calculated according to the customs declaration amount and the VAT invoice provided by the factory.

The formula is: customs declaration amount * actual exchange rate/1.17 * 0.13 (customs declaration amount * actual exchange rate is the VAT invoice issued by the factory).

For example, FOB $900, freight 100, CFR $ 1000, tax refund 13%, exchange rate 7.5, and the actual exchange rate of factories and foreign trade companies 8.3 (how to calculate this? Check the information yourself, of course, how much to talk to foreign trade companies)

One: reported as Cfr, factory income

900*8.3=7470 (invoiced amount)

The tax paid is 7470/1.17 * 0.17 =1085.38.

Actual income of the factory is: 7470- 1085.38=6384.62.

Note: 8.3 This agreed exchange rate actually includes tax refund.

Two: report FOB.

If the customs declaration is FOB$ 1000, and the foreign trade company can't calculate it for you according to 8.3, the actual exchange rate can be adjusted to 7470/ 1000=7.47, and the invoice amount of the factory is still 7470.

It can be seen that no matter what kind of export method, if CFR quotes FOB price, it is impossible to get more tax refund.

Ant was published on 2007-10-1419: 43.

Why do factories with import and export rights export through foreign trade companies?

Analysis: Why do many factories have their own import and export rights, or do trading companies export on their behalf? For example, factory A and foreign trade company B belong to the same boss. Let's see how we can get more tax rebates in this case.

Still according to the example mentioned earlier, Factory A sold it to foreign trade company B at the price of 175.5 yuan, which was exported by B and reported to foreign guests at the price of 163 yuan, and there was no profit. At this time, A and B are regarded as a whole, and the tax payment is as follows:

The output tax of Party A is 25.5 yuan and the input tax is 17 yuan, so the value-added tax paid by Party A to the country is 25.5- 17=8.5 yuan.

The national tax refund of B is (175.5/1.17) x 0.09 =13.5.

Taking A and B as a whole, we can see that the tax subsidy received in the current period is 13.5-8.5=5 yuan.

If you quit directly from a,

The theoretical tax refund is 163x0.09= 14.7, and the input is 17.

The input available for tax refund is17-163x0.08 =17-13.04 = 3.96 yuan (export price163 yuan can be regarded as17%-9% = 8.

That is, the tax supplement that A can get in the current period is 3.96 yuan.

The balance (14.7-3.96)= 10.74 is transferred out to offset the next domestic tax payable.

Therefore, in the long run, factories will get more tax rebates for their own exports. (14.7 > 13.5) Only by exporting through trading companies can the factory get more current tax rebates. This may be suitable for factories that are relatively short of funds. )

Further discuss the issue of tax refund for factory self-export and export through foreign trade companies.

1. Factory A is sold to foreign trade company B, and then exported by B and gets a tax refund:

Suppose A sells to B at the price including tax of 1. 17H, with profit of Y and tax rebate rate of A. 。

Then the income excluding tax is H, the output tax is 0. 17H, the purchase cost excluding tax is (H-Y), the purchase cost including tax is 1. 17x(H-Y), and the input tax is 0. 17x(H-Y).

So B's export tax rebate income is right,

A VAT payable = output tax-input tax = 0.17h-0.17x (h-y) = 0.17y

Then, taking A and B as a whole, the overall tax preference is (aH-0. 17Y).

2. Self-export without going through B: Assuming the FOB price of customs declaration export is Z,

According to the formula 1:

Z-1.17x (h-y) = y+(0.17-a) z-0.17x (h-y), you can get Z=H/(0.83+a).

The theoretical tax refund is aZ, that is, Ha/(0.83+a), because a= the first case.

The input tax available for tax refund is 0.17 (h-y)-z (0.17-a)-a.

At this time, it is necessary to compare the size of Class A tax rebate and theoretical tax rebate aZ, and the actual tax rebate will be refunded according to the smaller one.

a-aZ = 0. 17(H-Y)-Z(0. 17-a)-aZ = 0. 17x(H-Y-Z)

Obviously, H-Y-Z