Modern salt lake is a cornucopia of salt minerals. Usually, solid minerals and liquid minerals are integrated, and solid and liquid can be transformed into each other to form layered ore bodies. In addition, salt lakes are mostly concave, and all kinds of soluble salt minerals are brought in by surrounding surface water, groundwater and atmospheric precipitation for many years, and then evaporate to supersaturated critical concentration, and then crystallize or precipitate by themselves. Therefore, salt lake is different from other minerals, and it has the nature of renewable resources. In addition, salt lakes are related to many minerals, which often constitute biogenic deposits of potassium salt, magnesium salt, sodium salt, calcium salt, lithium salt and mirabilite. Moreover, bittern and intercrystalline bittern contain a variety of sparse elements and elements such as bromine and iodine, which can be further comprehensively utilized.
At present, there are more than 100 salt mines in Xinjiang, but there are 16 modern salt lake mines listed in the resource reserve table. From 65438 to 0989, during the Central Government's "West Salt to East Transfer Project", the output of crude salt (NaCl) in Xinjiang reached 2.6 million tons per year. However, due to the limitation of railway freight rate and the capacity of materials leaving Xinjiang, the domestic demand for self-produced and self-sold products has been maintained.
In addition, modern salt lake mirabilite, sodium sulfate, sodium sulfide and other processed products, Xinjiang is also a big producer in the country.
(1) Lop Nur-the place with the most potassium salt in China.
Lop Nur discovered and proved the urgently needed potash mine in China. Soon, Lop Nur will stand on the desert with a brand-new look and become the largest potash production base in China.
Application of 1. Potassium salt and its demand status in China
Potassium salt refers to salt deposits containing potassium, which are often chemical deposits with concentration exceeding saturation formed by natural evaporation of seawater, surface continental water or brine.
There are about 100 kinds of potassium minerals in nature, including potassium chloride, sulfate, borate, nitrate and more silicates. However, there are only 10 kinds of potassium (mineral deposits) that can be used. Looking at potash mines, potassium chloride (such as the famous Qarhan Salt Lake in Qaidam) is often the most common deposit, while potassium sulfate is the potash mine in Lop Nur, Xinjiang.
Potassium salt is mainly used to prepare potash fertilizer, and part of it is used as chemical raw material. In the process of processing potash fertilizer or chemical raw materials, iodine, bromine, boron, lithium, cesium and rubidium can be comprehensively recovered from other crude salts and salt lake sediments.
Agricultural fertilizers are mainly nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, plus photosynthesis in plant growth, which includes the sum of all green plant growth conditions.
Potassium fertilizer mainly includes chloride and potassium sulfate, both of which are acid fertilizers. Qarhan Salt Lake in Qaidam, Qinghai mainly produces potassium chloride, and Lop Nur, Xinjiang mainly produces potassium sulfate in the future.
Potassium used in chemical industry is mainly KCl, which is used in matches, fireworks, black powder, medicine, pesticides, textiles, dyes, tanning, soap making, printing, glass, ceramics, electron tubes, batteries, picture tubes, photography and so on.
In addition, potassium compounds are also used in the heat treatment of aviation gasoline, steel and aluminum alloys. Potassium nitrate can be used as a heating agent for halogen elements, potassium ferricyanide can be used as an activator for blue sun-dried paper, potassium permanganate can be used to treat a large amount of uranium, and potassium carbonate is an accelerator for producing metallic magnesium.
In a word, potassium salt and its compounds are widely used, even closely related to people's daily life, such as replacing salt (KCl instead of NaCl), also known as potassium salt, and potassium permanganate, which is commonly used when washing fruits and vegetables.
Limited by the lack of domestic potassium salt resources, the output of potassium in China is extremely limited. At present, except Chaerhan Salt Lake in Qaidam, Qinghai, the annual output of KCl is 6.5438+0.2 million tons, and the output of other potassium mines such as Mengyejing in Jiangcheng, Yunnan, and Shandong, Sichuan, Gansu and other places is less than 6.5438+0.2 million tons. By the end of 2007, its production capacity is only 2 million tons, while the annual demand is about 5 million tons, and there is still a gap of 3 million tons that must be imported from abroad to meet domestic demand.
2. The main producing areas and reserves of potassium salt
Xinjiang has many salt lakes and salt lake minerals. In recent years, after the discovery of super-large potash deposits in Lop Nur, the third geological brigade and the second hydrogeological engineering geological brigade of Xinjiang Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources successively conducted exploration, and submitted relevant exploration geological reports, which confirmed that the scale of potash deposits in Lop Nur Salt Lake was larger than Qarhan in Qaidam, Qinghai.
The Geological Report on Detailed Investigation of Potash Deposits in Luobei Depression submitted in 2006 confirmed that its potassium sulfate resource reserves were 65.438+0.5 billion tons. The eastern and western platforms of Luobei sag have not been formally explored. It is estimated that the resources of the two platforms are also about 65.438+0.5 billion tons, but the resources to the north of Lop Nur have reached 300 million tons, and the vast area to the south of Lop Nur is still waiting for future exploration. The amount of potassium sulfate resources in Lop Nur is predicted to be 500 million tons, which has great exploration and development potential.
Potash resources in the world are quite rich, but their distribution is extremely uneven, mostly in the northern hemisphere, and concentrated in Canada, the former Soviet Union and Germany. These three countries account for 90% of the world's resource reserves (calculated by K2O) of 6543.8+065 million tons. Therefore, these three countries are also big exporters of potassium salt in the world.
China is a country in urgent need of potash mine. By the end of 2005, the proven resource reserves (calculated by KCl) in China were 500 million tons, and the Chaerhan Salt Lake in Qaidam, Qinghai was 289 million tons, and the rest were distributed in Shandong, Sichuan and Gansu. The exploration results and development of the potash mine in Lop Nur, Xinjiang, have effectively alleviated the shortage of potash in China. Its national total has also increased to 800 million tons.
3. Prospects and prospects
At present, the development and capital construction of potash mine in Lop Nur, Xinjiang are being actively carried out. It is estimated that the output of potassium sulfate and potassium chloride in 2065.438+00 will be 6.5438+200,000 tons, and the total national production capacity (calculated by KCl) in 2065.438+00 will be 3 million tons. Among them, Xinjiang and Qinghai each produce 6.5438+0.2 million tons (calculated by potassium chloride or potassium sulfate), and the remaining 600,000 tons are produced in Yunnan, Shandong, Sichuan and Gansu provinces.
The total domestic demand is 5 million tons, and the output is increasing by 250,000 tons year by year. Therefore, the development and construction of potash mines in Xinjiang is more prominent and important, and it must be accelerated and has a long way to go. After 20 10 years, on the basis of annual output of 1 0.2 million tons of potassium sulfate, whether it is possible to expand production of110,000 tons of potassium sulfate can only be scientifically demonstrated by experts.
(2) Rock salt and rock salt
Salt is an important economic resource, which is not only widely used in industry, but also closely related to people's three meals a day.
Salt has good economic benefits at all times and in all countries. About 2000 years ago, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty implemented the policy of "salt and iron official camp". And realize the economic benefit of "salt in the world is beneficial to half".
The exploitation of salt mines in Xinjiang began in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. According to historical records, for example, Shui Jing Zhu said: "Dragon City, a land of thousands of miles, is strong because of salt" (Dragon City is the Lop Nur area), and "Zhou Shu Natural History" records: "The land of Yunnan stone is fat and close to salt" (Yunnan history is now Ruoqiang). "Four Duke Ji of Jinliang" records: "Gao Changguo sent two taels of tribute salt, one as big as a bucket". "Biography of Northern History and Western Regions" records: "Gaochang red salt is delicious, covered with white salt, and its shape is like jade, so it is taken as a pillow." Geographical records in the Tang Dynasty: "There is a salt pond in the south of Yizhou (Yiwu County)". In addition, "Xinjiang Atlas" said that "Xinjiang salt mines are all over Xinjiang ..." It can be seen that Xinjiang has a long history of salt mining.
1. Rock salt and rock salt
Rock salt and rock salt are collectively called salt, which is a folk title, while salt is called rock salt and rock salt, which is a geological mineralogy title.
The chemical meaning of salt is a compound in which hydrogen atoms in acid molecules are replaced by metal atoms. According to the molecular formula of salt, metal components can be named, such as sodium salt, potassium salt, magnesium salt, calcium salt and so on. If named after acid radical, it can be divided into chloride salt, sulfate, carbonate, borate, nitrate and so on.
The salt of natural minerals is a deposit precipitated from natural chemical solution under the action of supergene geology. It consists of chloride, sulfate, carbonate and nitrate of sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium. But rock salt and rock salt are limited to sodium salt and chloride.
Salt deposits are generally divided into ancient salt deposits before Quaternary and modern salt lake deposits formed since Quaternary. If subdivided according to the occurrence form, it can also be divided into two categories: brine deposits and sea salt in seawater saltworks.
As can be seen from the figure, rock salt is a layered solid salt in ancient salt lakes. Rock salt is a layered solid salt in modern salt lakes. Sea salt is the salt crystallized by seawater evaporation, just like the salt crystallized by brine evaporation. The difference is that the former comes from seawater and the latter comes from brine.
Exploring the Mysteries of Geology and Mineral Resources in Xinjiang
2. Properties and uses of salt (especially sodium chloride)
Salt is the first mineral whose structure is analyzed by X-ray because of its simple structure. It has the following properties:
Chemical formula: NaCl (Na atom accounts for 39.34%, Cl atom accounts for 60.66%).
Crystal: equiaxed crystal system, hexagonal octahedron symmetrical type, ordinary cube, rare octahedron.
Appearance: blocky, granular and dense.
Refractive index: 1.554.
Twins: {1 1 1}.
Cleavage: {00 1} complete.
Fracture: Shell-shaped, fragile.
Hardness: Mohs hardness 2.
Relative density: 2. 168.
Melting point: 804℃.
Boiling point: 14 12℃.
Gloss: glass luster.
Color: colorless, white, light yellow, light blue.
Solubility: 0℃, 100 parts of water dissolves 35.7 parts of salt; 100℃, 100 parts of water dissolved 39.8 parts of salt.
Taste: salty.
In today's world, salt products are used in about 1500 departments and more than 15000 purposes. With the rapid development of chemical industry, the demand for salt is increasing all over the world. Salt, oil and coal are all used as basic industrial raw materials, which shows that the importance of salt mines has been well known.
Salt is the basic substance for human survival and the cheapest and most abundant source for preparing sodium and chlorine, which can be used to prepare a large number of chemicals, such as soda ash, caustic soda chloride, metallic sodium and so on.
Although salt has 15000 uses, only a few uses will consume a lot of salt. In the table, the uses of several categories are given, and the main chemical products made from stone salt are subdivided, and the important products produced by these products are also listed (Figure 7-3- 1).
3. Resource distribution and production demand
Xinjiang's salt resources are widely distributed in Xinjiang, but mainly distributed along the economically developed railways, such as Hami Qijiaojing, Cihai, Yingshitan, Wuyongbulake, Urkashbulake, Qiquan Lake, Aiding Lake, Dabancheng, Manas Salt Lake, Dabasongnuoer Salt Lake, Ebinur Lake, South Bank of Bosten, Kuqa, Baicheng and Bosten.
There are more than 500 mining areas in history (including small-scale private mining). Up to 2007, there are 15 modern salt lakes put into geological exploration every year, and the proven reserves of solid salt and brine salt resources * * * include the basic reserves of 684.6 million tons. In addition, the resource of rock salt is 83365438+ 100 million tons, which is exposed on the bare ground and easy to be mined.
At present, salt production is mainly for the needs of Xinjiang. At present, there are more than 20 enterprises exploiting lake salt and 6 enterprises exploiting rock salt, with an annual output of 6,543,800 tons of crude salt. Among them, the largest amount is civil (edible) salt, about 400 thousand tons, industrial salt 200 thousand tons (mostly boiler salt and casing salt), and the rest are mostly PVC salt 400 thousand to 600 thousand tons. By 20 10, the annual output of raw salt in the whole region will reach 2 million tons due to the substantial increase in PVC output.
It can be seen that the consumption of iodized salt and livestock salt in Xinjiang is only maintained within 500,000 tons, and the salt is mainly used by industrial sectors, especially chemical PVC production enterprises, which will be the major salt users in Xinjiang in the future. Xinjiang is rich in salt resources, which is a reliable guarantee to meet the economic development in 2 1 century.
(3) The highest in China-sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate.
Sodium nitrate and potassium mirabilite are endemic minerals in Xinjiang. Apart from Chile, the country in the world that contains these two minerals is Xinjiang, China, which is naturally the dominant mineral in Xinjiang.
The unique geological background, geomorphic units, geographical location, climatic conditions and hydrogeological conditions in Xinjiang contributed to the formation of nitrate deposits. In recent years, great thickness of sodium nitrate has been found in red soil layers in Xining, Qinghai and Gansu provinces.
Nitrate minerals are mainly distributed in modern arid desert areas of the world, and the horizon (ore-forming deposits) is in Quaternary eluvial deposits, often concentrated in the bottom of glutenite and its cracks, followed by modern dry salt lakes and alluvial sandy soil layers.
1. Metallogenic mechanism
Nitrate minerals only exist in hot and arid desert areas, and are mainly formed by the decomposition of surface organic matter to generate nitrate, which is combined with sodium and potassium migrated from the soil. Or sodium and potassium minerals from volcanic rocks and magmatic rocks in the desert react under the transport and geochemical migration of nature. In Xinjiang, it is mostly distributed in the surface layer of dry salt lake, around dry salt lake and in the intergranular brine of modern salt lake (for example, the nitrate deposit in Lop Nur Depression is a solid-liquid coexistence sediment of modern inland salt lake since Quaternary).
2. Use of sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate
Sodium nitrate, because its molecular formula contains nitrate (NO-3), is mainly used to make nitrogen-containing compounds such as nitrogen fertilizer, potassium nitrate and explosives. Sodium nitrate is used as a strong oxidant for nickel smelting in metallurgical industry and as a cleaning agent in glass industry. In addition, sodium nitrate is often accompanied by iodine, which can be recovered as a by-product in the processing flow.
Potassium nitrate is the favorite of agricultural fertilizers. Potassium nitrate is the only one of the three ingredients in agricultural fertilizers, so it is an ideal fertilizer favored by all countries today.
Potassium nitrate is mainly used as agricultural fertilizer, and also used in chemical industry, military industry, metallurgy, machinery, building materials, medicine, food, fireworks and firecrackers. 70% of potassium nitrate in developed countries is used as agricultural fertilizer, while in China it is mainly used in industry. KNO3 is a chlorine-free binary fertilizer containing potassium and nitrogen, which can provide sufficient nutrients for crop growth and improve crop quality and yield, and is the direction of fertilizer production in the future.
3. Resource distribution and resource reserves
By the end of June 5438+February, 2007, there were 2 nitrate deposits 12 in Xinjiang, including 7 potassium nitrate deposits and 5 sodium nitrate deposits.
Mainly distributed in Hami and Turpan: the reserves of potassium nitrate resources have been identified as 1, 304,38+0,000 tons. The proven reserves of sodium nitrate resources are 2,422,800 tons.
The First Geological Brigade of Xinjiang Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources has carried out the "General Survey of Nitrite Deposits in Xiaocaohu-Hehu Area of Shanshan County", with an estimated resource of 654.38 billion tons. China is the second largest country in nitrate mineral resources in the world (the first in Chile).
4. Present situation and supply and demand prospect of nitrate production
Because potassium nitrate is irreplaceable in the manufacture of chemical fertilizer and widely used in modern industry, all developed countries in the world are trying their best to develop advanced technology and produce potassium nitrate by artificial synthesis, but its cost is still high. Therefore, natural potassium nitrate resources are very precious. At present, the annual output of potassium nitrate in the world is about 2 million tons, but the consumption is increasing at the rate of 10% per year. Among them, Chile produces about 500,000 tons, and the rest is produced by developed countries by compound method.
There are also many factories in China that use composite method to produce potassium nitrate, but the scale is small, the technology is outdated, the product quality is slightly poor, the cost is high, and the annual output is about 50 thousand tons. At present, the domestic annual demand is 500,000 tons, most of which are used in industry. Only potassium nitrate is used to produce picture tubes, and the shortage depends only on imports.
The production of sodium nitrate in China is the same as that of potassium nitrate. Most manufacturers use chemical synthesis method, but there are also some problems such as small scale, advanced technology, high cost and unstable quality. The annual output is 200,000 tons and the annual demand is 300,000 tons. The shortage is imported from Chile.
From the above analysis, it can be seen that China's nitrate has been in a dilemma of small output and large demand, and the insufficient part has to rely on imports. This passive situation of consuming a lot of foreign exchange year after year not only puzzles the market, but also the contradiction between supply and demand is expanding day by day. Therefore, Xinjiang is bound to shoulder the heavy responsibility, and it is extremely urgent and significant to improve the new round of nitrate mineral exploration, the construction of potassium nitrate mines in large depressions and the expansion of sodium nitrate production lines in chemical plants in Turpan.
At present, the production scale in Xinjiang is 50,000 tons of potassium nitrate and 50,000 tons of sodium nitrate per year. Because the reserves of potassium nitrate resources are 1, 302, 1, 000 tons, the basic reserves are only 403,200 tons, and the annual output can only be within 6,543,800 tons. The shortage of basic reserves must be made up by a new round of exploration projects as soon as possible.
The annual output of sodium nitrate can reach 654.38+10,000 tons in 20 10, 50,000 tons in 20 12 and 200,000 tons in 20 15. As the amount of sodium nitrate resources submitted by the First Geological Brigade of the Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources exceeds 654.38+ 1 100 million tons, it provides sufficient mineral resources. This will play a positive and effective role in alleviating the demand in the domestic market.
(d) The output of mirabilite mine in Xinjiang ranks first in China.
Glauber's salt deposit is a layered solid salt deposit or brine (liquid) deposit formed by chemical precipitation of soluble salts in brine medium under the evaporation of modern salt lakes. This is the genetic type of mirabilite in Xinjiang-modern inland salt lake mirabilite deposit. In addition, there are ancient mirabilite deposits (formed before Quaternary) and underground brine mirabilite deposits in China.
1. Properties and uses
Glauber's salt is a sulfate mineral, including glauber's salt, anhydrous glauber's salt and glauber's salt.
Glauber's salt: Na2SO4 H2O, containing Na2O 19.3% and SO2 -424.0%.
Anhydrous mirabilite: Na2SO4. Pure minerals contain Na2O4 43.68% and SO256.32%.
Glauberite: CaSO4 NaSO4, pure mineral contains CaO 2.0 1%, Na2O 22.3% and SO2-457.6%.
Xinjiang mainly produces sodium sulfate and anhydrous sodium sulfate, which is a big supplier in China. The mirabilite salt lake in Lop Nur has 84.7 billion tons of mirabilite resources, which have not been developed and utilized.
Glauber's salt, long needle-shaped, is a plate-like aggregate after crystallization, with more white and less yellowish.
Sodium sulfate is an important raw material for light industry and chemical industry, and is the main raw material for preparing sodium sulfate (sodium sulfate), alkali sulfide, ammonium sulfate and sulfur, which is mainly used in papermaking, glass, washing powder, detergent, tanning, printing and dyeing, rubber, man-made fiber and so on.
2. Resources and allocation
Xinjiang is rich in mirabilite resources, with 24 proven producing areas. Except for glauberite in Lop Nur, there are 19 in the other 23 producing areas, and the other four producing areas are not listed in the reserve table. Not included in the reserves table are: Balihu Glauber's Salt Mine, Jiyeba Glauber's Salt Mine in Yumin County, Artushi Tuzisugaite Glauber's Salt Mine and Kushuihu Glauber's Salt Mine in Hotan City.
The biggest feature of Xinjiang mirabilite mine is its good quality, with an average Na2SO4 of ≥ 70% and high ore grade. For example, the grade of mirabilite of Hami Laocrow is 98.8 1%, and that of Altay Ruo Skur is 96.68%. The glauber's salt grade of Balikun Lake is 87.85%, and that of Manas Salt Lake is 85%. The grade of mirabilite in Qijiao Well in Hami is 82. 13%, and that in Dabancheng Salt Lake is 8 1.59%.
In addition, the mirabilite deposits in Xinjiang are all produced in Quaternary modern salt lakes, with nearly horizontal occurrence, basically bare surface and relatively flat terrain, which is very convenient for open-pit mining and has strong adaptability to expanding production scale, and the output can be flexibly adjusted according to market demand.
Judging from the 23 producing areas of proven resource reserves, they are distributed all over Xinjiang, but the producing areas are concentrated in Dabancheng Salt Lake in Urumqi, Qijiaojing Salt Lake in Hami and Aiding Lake in Turpan. The basic reserves of 23 producing areas are 62.578 million tons, the resources are 25029897800 tons, and the resources are 320687800 tons. It can be seen that Xinjiang is rich in mirabilite resources, but the ratio of basic reserves to resources is not reasonable. The reason is that there are many salt lakes in Xinjiang and the degree of exploration is low. So far, several salt lakes located in the southeast edge of Xinjiang have not carried out any geological work. Even so, only a few salt lakes have been developed and utilized, such as Manas Lake, Dabasongnuoer Lake, Chun Wu Salt Lake in Ruoqiang County and Wuyongbulake Salt Lake in Turpan. These salt lakes with more mirabilite resources have not been developed. Therefore, the reserves of mirabilite in Xinjiang are still very optimistic.
3. Production status and development prospect
From the mid-1970s to the end of 1997, Xinjiang occupied almost half of the domestic mirabilite products. At one time, it supported the economic construction of nearly 20 provinces and regions in the Mainland and Hong Kong with one million tons of sodium sulfate and 500,000 tons of sodium sulfide. However, with the emergence of a new generation of detergents, the output of Xinjiang has plummeted, which has been reduced to one-third of the original. For example, during the depression of 1997, the output of mirabilite in Xinjiang remained at1000000 tons, but only 137500 tons was produced by the end of 2000. In recent years, the output rose slowly, reaching 500,000 tons in 2005, 700,000 tons in 2007 and 6,543,800 tons in 2065.438+00.
(5) Other mineral resources in Salt Lake.
Modern salt lakes are often comprehensive deposits related to halite, mirabilite, boron, potassium, bromine, iodine, lithium, rubidium and cesium.
In the past, people only paid attention to the development of the main biological minerals in salt lakes-halite and mirabilite, while other associated useful elements such as boron, magnesium, potassium, bromine, iodine, lithium, rubidium and cesium were not well comprehensively utilized. Therefore, these useful minerals will be discarded with the exploitation of waste or residue. Although salt lake scientists have called for many years, the production departments and enterprises are still the same, and comprehensive utilization is always not in place. The Great Chaerhan Salt Lake in Qinghai Province took the lead in taking the first step, and the magnesium in the salt lake has been recovered. In a word, the comprehensive mineral recovery level of salt lakes in China is relatively backward, and there is a big gap compared with developed countries.
For example:
(1) Sears Salt Lake, USA. 1870 started to produce only borax, and by 1963, dozens of products such as boride, boric acid, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, mirabilite, halite, phosphoric acid, lithium chloride and bromine were produced.
(2) the Great Salt Lake in America. With an annual output of 200,000 tons of potassium sulfate, it also produces halite, mirabilite, alkali, lithium chloride, magnesium chloride, bromine, metallic magnesium, magnesium oxide, liquid chlorine and borax, and has established a production line of NPK compound fertilizer.
(3) The Dead Sea Salt Lake in Israel and Jordan. It produces dozens of products such as potassium chloride, potassium nitrate, bromine, halite, high-purity magnesium chloride, magnesium oxide, phosphoric acid, ammonia and hydrochloric acid.
④ Solikamsk Salt Lake and Berezny Salt Lake in the former Soviet Union. A large-scale joint venture of potash fertilizer, alkali, magnesium, chlorine and other chemical products has been established.
(5) Belgian Solvi Company. The company mines underground rock salt mines on the border between Germany and the Netherlands, with an annual output of 6 million tons of salt. In addition, Belgium imported brine, with an annual output of 4.3 million tons of soda ash, 65.438+700,000 tons of alkali, 65.438+200,000 tons of salt, 950,000 tons of PVC, 65.438+600,000 tons of propylene glycol, 65.438+800,000 tons of chlorine, 240,000 tons of calcium peroxide, 400,000 tons of sodium perborate, and the annual turnover of potassium salt reached $4 billion.
In contrast, the comprehensive utilization of salt lake minerals in China is relatively poor. Although bittern from sea salt can be used to produce bromine, potassium chloride, magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate, magnesium oxide, light magnesium carbonate, metallic magnesium, gypsum, mirabilite and potassium-magnesium compound fertilizer, even Zhejiang Juzhou Chemical Plant and Yandong Chemical Plant use bittern from sea salt to produce chlorine oil, barium chloride, chloroacetic acid, potassium chloride, calcium carbide powder, liquid chlorine, polyvinyl chloride, hydrochloric acid, caustic soda and other products.
Sichuan has produced borax, boric acid, potassium chloride, iodine, bromine, potassium carbonate, barium chloride, strontium carbonate, rubidium chloride, barium sulfate, potassium sulfate, liquid chlorine, hydrochloric acid, calcium phosphate, ferric chloride, potassium chloride and sodium chloride *** 18, and has trial-produced magnesium and lithium.
In short, so far, the salt lake minerals in China have not been comprehensively utilized, and they are still geological exploration, factory mining, technological process and products of single minerals. The associated components of many salt lakes are unclear, that is, the associated mineral resources of salt lakes are unclear and cannot be comprehensively utilized.
Therefore, the occurrence characteristics, grade and quantity of associated minerals in Xinjiang salt lake must be supplemented by special geological exploration, otherwise the comprehensive utilization of salt lake minerals is just an armchair strategist.
According to the available data, Dabancheng West Salt Lake contains high boron; Qiquan Lake in Turpan and Shuer Lake in Minfeng County contain boron. Nearly130,000 tons of magnesium sulfate has been proved in Dabasongnuoer Salt Lake and Manas Salt Lake in Bouchard County. The potassium chloride in Urkashbulak Salt Lake in Toksun County is 6.5438+0.97 million tons; Manas Salt Lake contains 3 1 34,000 tons of magnesium chloride and 0/10,000 tons of boron ore. Therefore, there is still a lot of geological work to be done around the comprehensive utilization of associated minerals in salt lakes. The comprehensive utilization of salt lake minerals in Xinjiang must take the road of comprehensive evaluation and comprehensive exploitation to show the proper position of salt lake minerals in Xinjiang.