Generally speaking, the government authorizes the Ministry of Finance, the Central Bank or other specialized agencies to act as the institutions to implement foreign exchange control. For example, 1939, after the implementation of foreign exchange control in Britain, the British Treasury was appointed as the authoritative organization to decide foreign exchange policy, and the Bank of England implemented specific measures of foreign exchange control on behalf of the Ministry of Finance.

In Japan, the Ministry of Finance is responsible for foreign exchange control; Italy has established a specialized agency for foreign exchange management-the Administration of Foreign Exchange. In addition to official institutions, some countries have also designated some large commercial banks by their central banks as designated banks to handle foreign exchange business, and all foreign exchange business is handled centrally according to foreign exchange management regulations.