Singapore is the only developed country in Southeast Asian countries, with a national income of 20 13, which is at least six times ahead of Southeast Asian countries. If calculated by per capita GDP (purchasing power parity), Singapore ranks fourth among the richest countries in the world. After 1965, Singapore's rapid economic growth has gradually developed into a newly developed country, so it is also known as? Four little dragons in Asia? One. In terms of heavy industry, it mainly includes the largest local oil refining center, chemical industry, shipbuilding, electronics, machinery, etc., and has a famous Jurong Industrial Zone. International trade and finance play an important role in the airport economy and are one of the most important financial and trade centers in Asia. In addition, Singapore is also a regional education hub in Asia, attracting many overseas students from China and Malaysia to study here every year, bringing abundant foreign exchange and attracting many talents for the country. Tourism also occupies an important proportion in the overall economic structure. Tourists mainly come from Japan, China, Europe, America and other countries in Southeast Asia.
In the early days, Singapore was the first choice for many multinational companies to invest in Southeast Asia, benefiting from its stable political situation, clean and efficient government and low cost. However, with the increase of labor costs and the industrial and commercial development of other Southeast Asian countries, these advantages of Singapore are gradually lost, and many industries and manufacturing industries have moved abroad. However, limited by its own environment, it is vulnerable to the global economic depression, especially the impact of SARS in 2003, when Singapore's GDP growth rate reached 2.2%, forcing the government to consider other development policies. The Singaporean government has long relied on the rise of China and India to encourage private entrepreneurship and economic restructuring, and to encourage enterprises to expand investment in newly industrialized countries, but so far it has not achieved results.
Singapore's tourism industry is very developed, with more than 9 million foreign tourists visiting Singapore every year, among which tourists from China have the most significant growth, mainly because the government has reduced the visa procedures for citizens in China and extended their stay. In order to further encourage the development of tourism, Singapore also attaches great importance to the development trend of low-cost airlines; In addition to establishing two private low-cost airlines, low-cost airlines from Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia and Australia are encouraged to list Singapore as one of their destinations, and they are also willing to reduce the cost of Changi International Airport.
Temasek Holdings, founded in 1974, is the most famous of several companies wholly owned by the Singapore government, but it has remained mysterious. From its establishment to September 2004, its financial statements have never been made public. Temasek Holdings, as an exempted private enterprise, does not have to disclose annual financial statements like listed companies, so there have been rumors about the company. The company controls almost all the most important and largest turnover enterprises in Singapore, including Singapore Telecom, Singapore Airlines, DBS Bank, Singapore Metro, Singapore International Port Group, seafood shipping, Singapore Power, Keppel Group and Raffles Hotel. In addition, the company also owns shares in two media outlets in Singapore? Singapore newspapers control and new media, so it may indirectly control speech. Some foreign media estimate that the market price of shares held by Temasek Holdings accounts for 47% of the entire Singapore stock market, which can be said to almost dominate the economic lifeline of Singapore. To this end, Singapore's economic model is called? State capitalism? That is, through state-controlled private enterprises to invest, leading the capital market dominated by private enterprises.
In addition to investing in Singapore's local market, Temasek Holdings also regards Asian markets and developed markets as investment destinations. At present, about half of the company's assets are outside Singapore. Major investments include Malaysia Telecom, ICICI Bank of India and Optus, Australia's second largest telecommunications company. In recent years, the company has increased its investment in the China market and showed interest in Minsheng Bank, the first private bank in China. 20 1 0165438+1October1Temasek Holdings announced that it will invest 400 million US dollars to become a shareholder of Brecht Oil and Gas (OOG) and will hold 4.3% of the company's equity. Oder Brecht is the largest construction engineering company in Latin America, and its oil and gas service company has been cooperating with Petrobras since 1960s.
The Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) 20 14 released the latest? Global cost of living survey? (Global Cost of Living Survey), due to the strong Singapore dollar and rising prices, Singapore has become the most expensive city in the world.
Education and employment
20 14-20 15 the data of high-paying employment in Singapore TOP 100 has been released (source: salary in Singapore). Different from TOP 100-20 100 in 2004, the major setting of public universities in Singapore and the employment of graduates have become the main reasons that affect the high-paying employment in Singapore. In particular, the employment opportunities brought by new majors are mainly business, engineering, humanities and social sciences, and are oriented to the needs of society and enterprises, which has become a new growth point of 20 15 high salary.
Major city
Singapore is a city country with a small land area, and its development planning is difficult to compare with that of a large country. There is no such thing as a city.
Major city
Singapore is a city country, so there is no division between provinces and cities. Instead, the whole country is divided into five communities (administrative districts) in line with urban planning, namely: central community (6.5438+0.2 million people), northeast community (6.5438+0.3 million people), northwest community (830,000 people), southeast community (840,000 people) and southwest community (840,000 people). Before the 20 1 1 election, the five CSUs were further divided into 87 constituencies, including 12 single constituencies and 15 centralized constituencies.
The most populous city in China.
Singapore citizens are mainly divided into four ethnic groups: Chinese (Han nationality) accounts for 74.2% of the population, as well as Malays (13.3%), Indians (9. 1%) and European Asians/hybrids (3.4%). The ancestors of most Chinese Singaporeans originated in southern China, especially in Fujian, Guangdong and Hainan provinces, of which 40% came from southern Fujian, followed by Chaoshan people, Guangfu people, Puxian people (Putian people), Hainanese, Fuzhou people, Hakkas and Chan and Nyangra. The population density of Singapore is 76 15 people /km2, and the human development index is 0.90 1.
urban climate
Tropical rainforest climate, abundant rainfall; 165438+1The rainy season is from October to March, and the temperature is 24? ~25? April to May, 10 to 1 10 are two monsoon seasons, and the highest temperature can reach 35? June to September is the driest.