1, foreign exchange settlement entry

Debit: bank deposit-RMB (transferred foreign currency * bank purchase price)

Financial expenses-exchange gains and losses (including differences)

Loan: bank deposit-foreign currency (transferred foreign currency * central bank price)

2. Acting as an agent for foreign exchange receipts and payments.

According to bank documents

Debit: bank deposit

Loan: foreign exchange receivable

At the same time, the agency fee is charged according to a certain proportion.

Debit: Bank deposit (foreign exchange receivable)

Loans: other business income

1. Accounting treatment of interest income and expenditure. With the development of market economy, the content of enterprise interest income and expenditure accounting has gradually expanded from the original bank deposit and loan interest accounting to the loan interest accounting between enterprises and between enterprises and competent departments, and the forms of expression have gradually diversified.

(1) It is inappropriate for most enterprises to include the interest of mutual lending funds in "financial expenses". According to the tax policy, non-financial institutions provide funds to each other and charge capital occupation fees (including capital occupation fees charged by the competent authorities to allocate funds to their affiliated enterprises), which are regarded as loans.

Business tax shall be levied according to financial and insurance tax items. Therefore, the income from this fund occupation fee should be classified as "other business income", and business tax, urban maintenance and construction tax and education surcharge should be paid.

(2) The business of selling goods on credit between enterprises is becoming more and more frequent, and buyers often delay the payment. Therefore, the buyer needs to pay liquidated damages or interest on deferred payment. This kind of economic business is different from inter-enterprise capital borrowing, and its interest income should be included in the main business income as the extra-price income of the main business.

According to the current tax law, the so-called extra-price expenses refer to handling fees, subsidies, funds, fund-raising, return profits, incentive fees, liquidated damages (deferred payment of interest) and so on. This income should be subject to the same taxes and tax rates as the main business income, and cannot be recorded as "other business income", let alone offset "financial expenses".

Second, the accounting treatment of bank charges. According to the industry accounting system, the bank charges included in the accounting of "financial expenses" refer to the related financing expenses (such as borrowing money, issuing bonds, raising funds, etc.) incurred by enterprises in the process of raising funds. ). There are generally two kinds of bank charges incurred by enterprises:

First, the handling expenses incurred in raising funds for enterprises;

The second is the expenses paid in the process of bank settlement, such as the expenses paid for handling letters (telegrams), postal expenses, costs and expenses paid for buying blank checks, drafts, drafts, etc.

The former should be included in the accounting of "financial expenses" according to regulations, while the latter should not be included in the accounting of "financial expenses" because it does not belong to the financing behavior of enterprises. Generally, a secondary account can be set up under "Management Expenses" for detailed accounting.

What account does the exchange difference arising from foreign exchange settlement enter?

Exchange differences are generally included in financial expenses.

Notes on Enterprise Accounting System:

(1) Exchange gains and losses during the preparation period are included in long-term deferred expenses;

(2) Exchange gains and losses arising from special foreign currency loans related to the purchase and construction of fixed assets shall be handled in accordance with the principle of handling borrowing costs;

(3) In addition to the above situations, exchange gains and losses are included in the current financial expenses.

The difference between the bank's buying price and selling price and the converted exchange rate generated by bank settlement, purchase of foreign exchange or exchange of different foreign currencies is included in the current financial expenses.