Scientific Outlook on Development fully embodies the deepening process of people's understanding of development issues. Development is now people's fundamental view of social development, which aims to answer questions such as why society develops, whether social development is regular, and the future trend or prospect of social development. Due to different development concepts, people's principles, methods and value orientations for observing, thinking and solving development problems will be different, which will affect people's choice of development models and strategies and provide a general thinking framework and action guide for people to carry out development activities. The basic problem of the concept of development is the relationship between people and things, so there are two different development phenomena: people-oriented and things-oriented. Material-centered development view is a traditional or old development view, including extreme environmental protection and single economic growth. The former is a retrogressive development view, while the latter equates development with economic growth and unilaterally attributes the development process to the increase of material wealth. People-centered, that is, people-oriented development, is now a new Scientific Outlook on Development, emphasizing the all-round development of society and people through the development of "things".
The international research on development rose after the Second World War, and the evolution of the concept of development also began here. The evolution from the traditional concept of development to Scientific Outlook on Development has roughly gone through four stages: from the first stage to the 1950s, people understood development as a process towards an industrialized society or a technological society, emphasized economic growth, and almost equated development with economic growth. From the second stage to the early 1970s, with the process of industrialization, people regarded development as the unity of economic growth and social change, that is, the process of economic growth was accompanied by changes in economic structure, political system and cultural laws. The third stage began with 1972 Declaration on Human Environment adopted by the United Nations Stockholm Conference, which paid more attention to the coordination between development and natural environment, and put forward and gradually enriched the theory of sustainable development. In the fourth stage, from the end of 1980s, people regarded development as a process in which people's basic needs were gradually met, people's abilities were developed, and human nature was self-realized. The concept of sustainable development in a broad sense was recognized globally.
Second, all-round development is the concrete embodiment of the "people-oriented" thought.
In Scientific Outlook on Development's view, economic growth is only a means to realize people's all-round development. The premise of man's all-round development should be the all-round development of society, but the all-round development of society must be reflected by man's all-round development. The all-round development of human beings does not mean the development of a few people, but that all people should get fair development; It not only refers to the development of contemporary people, but also refers to the sustainable development of future generations; It also means not only meeting people's material needs, but also meeting people's various value needs in social life, spiritual life, political life and ecological life, so that people's physical and intellectual potential can be fully exerted. Emphasize that people are the starting point of development, and coordinate and communicate the development factors through human development, so that people can finally get a higher level and more comprehensive development.
In order to promote people's all-round development, we must adhere to the people-oriented development theme and expand people's choices through development. The choice of development is endless and changes with time. The selective requirement of development embodies two meanings: on the one hand, the formation of personal ability, such as the improvement of health, knowledge and skills; On the other hand, people use acquired talents, that is, people's character. Creative development.
To promote the all-round development of human beings in China at this stage, we must always adhere to the people-oriented principle, and take the continuous realization, maintenance and development of the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people as the starting point and foothold of all work and the value orientation pursued by the whole society. The 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward that we should focus on the needs of people's material and spiritual life, improve people's quality and constantly promote their all-round development. This is the all-round development of Marxist people and the enrichment of the essential requirements of socialist society. Development is the all-round development of socialist material civilization, political civilization and spiritual civilization, which are integrated, interrelated and interacted with each other, unified with the Party's basic line and program in the primary stage of socialism, forming the basic pattern of socialist modernization and embodying the basic requirements of all-round development. At present, strengthening the construction of the three major civilizations is completely consistent with promoting the all-round development of human beings. We should vigorously develop material civilization, promote the progress of material production mode and economic life, and provide necessary material conditions for the development of political civilization and spiritual civilization. Actively promote the construction of political civilization and democracy and legal system, and constantly meet the requirements of economic development and people's participation in the discussion of state affairs through innovation in political ideology, political system and political system, and provide political and legal protection for the development of material civilization and spiritual civilization. Actively promote spiritual civilization and cultural construction, inherit the excellent national cultural traditions, learn from the latest achievements of human civilization, promote cultural innovation, improve national cohesion, and provide ideological guarantee, spiritual motivation and intellectual support for the development of material civilization and political civilization.
Thirdly, coordinated development is an urgent problem to be solved in China's economic development at this stage.
Scientific Outlook on Development emphasized the system view, and regarded the environment for human survival and development as a compound system in which many factors, such as nature, society, economy and culture, are interrelated and mutually restricted, which provided a general framework for correctly understanding the development problem. A sustainable society depends on the sustainable supply capacity of resources, the coordination of its production, life and ecological functions, and the coordination of various social departments, fields and aspects. Coordinated development is to grasp the concept of development from the horizontal relationship, pursue the optimization of the relationship between man and nature, and emphasize the harmony and unity of economic, social, cultural, ecological and other social fields. To measure the development of a society, we should not only rely on a single economic indicator, but also look at a series of comprehensive indicators such as economy, society, culture and environment, and see the degree of coordination among subsystems.
China's economic and social development is in a critical transition period, and the rapid economic development is likely to cause disharmony and imbalance in all aspects. At present, the disharmony and imbalance of China's economic development are mainly manifested in three aspects: First, the disharmony between economic development and social development is mainly manifested in the fact that the reform and development in the economic field are relatively advanced, while the reform and development in the social field are relatively backward.
Second, the income distribution between urban and rural areas, between regions and between different classes is unbalanced. For a long time in the past, China's economy has maintained sustained and rapid development, and its economic aggregate, comprehensive national strength and people's living standards have all been significantly improved. However, in this process, development is unbalanced, and some deep-seated structural contradictions have indeed accumulated, which has become the main factor restricting future development. Judging from many structural contradictions in the actual economic operation, the most prominent ones are the deepening of the dual structure of urban and rural areas, the unbalanced development of regional economy and the widening income distribution gap.
The third is the imbalance between external demand and domestic demand. Insist on expanding domestic demand, attach great importance to the positive role of external demand, and maintain a coordinated balance between domestic demand and external demand, which should be an important part of coordinated development. At present, China's foreign trade and utilization of foreign capital are growing rapidly, foreign exchange reserves are increasing, and the national economy's dependence on foreign countries is obviously improved. This is an important achievement of China's economic development, but at the same time, the existing problems cannot be ignored. Efforts should be made to change the tendency of over-reliance on external demand, do a good job in expanding domestic demand, and balance the relationship between domestic demand and external demand by expanding domestic demand rather than simply restraining external demand, which should become an important task for coordinated development in the future.
Fourthly, sustainable development is the ultimate requirement of China's long-term development.
Scientific Outlook on Development emphasized the sustainability of development. Development should not only meet the needs of contemporary people, but also not damage the ability of future generations to meet their needs. Sustainable development is a long-term sustainable development and the basic goal and task of human social development. The core idea of sustainable development is to pay attention to protecting resources and improving the environment at the same time as economic development, so that economic development can be sustained, that is, to grasp development from the vertical relationship. Scientific Outlook on Development believes that sustainable and long-term profit should be regarded as an important measure of development concept, and any so-called development that only cares about immediate interests and ignores future damage should not be regarded as scientific and reasonable development. In other words, in Scientific Outlook on Development's view, an important feature of the development of modern society is that the current production activities and lifestyle should not damage the prospect of maintaining or improving the future living standard. There are many concerns about sustainable development, mainly the relationship between economic and social development, rational utilization of resources and environmental protection. It is considered that resources and environment have dual functions of promoting and restricting economic development, and resource depletion and environmental destruction are a special problem, unlike other problems that may improve with economic development. The restriction of resources and environment on development is caused by unreasonable development and destruction of the environment. Reasonable protection and improvement of the environment can provide a material basis for development, and reasonable development can provide more funds and technology for environmental governance.
V. Scientific Outlook on Development is an important guiding ideology for China's future economic and social development.
Scientific Outlook on Development was put forward to meet the needs of the new stage of economic and social development. Entering the new century, our country has entered a new development stage of building a well-off society in an all-round way and accelerating socialist modernization. China has stepped out of poverty, crossed food and clothing, and is moving towards a more affluent stage. This is a new milestone in the history of the development of the Chinese nation and a new starting point for China's modernization drive to implement the third-step strategic goal. Building a well-off society in an all-round way is an important development period in the historical process of the primary stage of socialism. Scientific Outlook on Development was put forward in this period to further clarify that the whole purpose of our development is to make people rich and happy, to make the well-off level we have reached more balanced and comprehensive, and to benefit all the people from development. On the basis of summing up the practical experience of socialist modernization, Scientific Outlook on Development profoundly revealed the essence of development, emphasizing that development is a process of all-round progress based on the transformation from traditional agricultural society to modern industrial society and information society. Both the growth of material wealth and industrialization and modernization are aimed at getting rid of poverty, ignorance and inequality step by step and meeting people's economic and political needs. The process required by all aspects of culture.
Putting forward Scientific Outlook on Development is to grasp the theme of developing this era and the top priority of governing and rejuvenating the country. Looking at the overall situation, the first 20 years of this century is an important period of strategic opportunities for China, which must be firmly grasped and can make great achievements. Whether we can seize the opportunity has always been a major issue related to the success or failure of revolution and construction. Although the contemporary world is in turmoil, on the whole, peace and development are still the themes of the times, which is the most important period of strategic opportunities for China's development. World multipolarization and economic globalization. Social informatization provides favorable conditions and rare opportunities for China's economic and social development, but it also brings severe challenges. We should have a clear understanding of the opportunities we face from a strategic perspective, seize the opportunities with positive initiative and strong sense of urgency, lose no time, do not stick to the rules, seek advantages and avoid disadvantages, and accelerate development and growth. Although we have made remarkable achievements, China's economic development level is still far behind that of developed countries due to its large population and weak foundation. Strengthening comprehensive national strength, improving people's life, consolidating and perfecting the socialist system, maintaining social stability and long-term stability, and accomplishing the great cause of reunification of the motherland are all inseparable from development. To seize the opportunity and regard development as the top priority of the party in governing and rejuvenating the country, we must use Scientific Outlook on Development to scientifically explain the position, strategy and policy of development, correctly answer all kinds of new questions raised in the development process, and fundamentally grasp the development direction.
Scientific Outlook on Development's proposal is to guide and solve the outstanding contradictions and problems faced by economic development. Since the reform and opening-up, China has closely focused on economic construction, insisted on correctly handling the relationship between reform, development and stability, sustained, rapid and healthy economic development, and its modernization drive has continuously reached a new level. After building a well-off society in an all-round way, the environment and conditions facing development have changed greatly, and the situation and tasks have new requirements. The problems and contradictions encountered in the process of progress are also more complicated and challenging. Straightening out the relationship between development and all aspects, smoothly promoting economic and social transformation and realizing the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way need to innovate the theory and guiding ideology from the height of development concept. Otherwise, we can't scientifically cope with the new situation, new tasks and new challenges, and we can't stay awake in the complicated economic life and social contradictions and find the correct development strategy and ideas. It should be admitted that at present and for a long time in the past, we did have some one-sidedness in the concept of development. Many practices have traces of the traditional concept of development, and the phenomenon of attaching importance to material rather than spirit, economy rather than society, gross rather than structure, development rather than environment is widespread. To solve these problems, it is obviously impossible to rely solely on general policy adjustment. We must establish a new understanding of development from the height of development concept, guide development strategies and countermeasures with scientific concepts, and guide economic and social development on the right path.