Knowledge of achieving goals
Knowledge goal is the foundation to support the implementation of all curriculum goals; It obeys and serves the goals of ability, emotion, attitude and values.
Knowledge goal is the basic goal of ideological and political teaching. Only by realizing the knowledge goal of teaching well can we better realize the goal of cultivating students' ability and cultivating students' correct feelings, attitudes and values. The new curriculum standard simplifies the knowledge goal of ideological and political teaching, but pays more attention to the combination of basic ideas, basic principles and life. Therefore, I think that theoretical knowledge must be closely combined with students' real life and social life issues that students care about in teaching, so as to effectively help students understand knowledge.
Case: clarify the relationship between exchange rate changes and currency changes (combined with RMB appreciation, a hot social material)
When it comes to exchange rate changes, the textbook says: if 100 units of foreign currency can be converted into more RMB, it means that the foreign exchange rate has risen; On the contrary, it means that the foreign exchange rate has fallen.
Example: If the past US$ 65,438+000 was converted into RMB in 800 yuan, now US$ 65,438+000 is converted into RMB in 600 yuan, which means:?
Past: 100 $? = 800￥……①
Now: 100 USD? = 600￥……②
From Equation ① to Equation ②, it shows that the exchange rate of the US dollar has decreased, and it is obvious that the US dollar has depreciated. If Equation ② develops into Equation ①, it means that the exchange rate of the US dollar rises and the US dollar appreciates. Accordingly, Equation ① and Equation ② can also indirectly reflect the exchange rate change of RMB against USD. If Equation ① to Equation ② show that the exchange rate of RMB against the US dollar is rising and RMB appreciates, Equation ② changes to Equation ①, indicating that the exchange rate of RMB against the US dollar is rising and RMB is depreciating.
Summing up the above, we can draw the following two conclusions:
First, foreign exchange rate rises, foreign currency appreciates and local currency depreciates; Foreign exchange rate falls, foreign currency depreciates, and local currency appreciates.
Second, which currency's exchange rate rises means that this currency appreciates; Which currency's exchange rate falls means that this currency depreciates.
Second, the ability to achieve the goal.
Ability goal refers to the development of cognitive ability and behavioral ability; It is the dominant factor in organizing and presenting teaching content.
Cultivating students' ability is one of the important goals of political teaching, but how to realize students' ability? This is related to the cultivation of the teaching ability goal of political course. In my opinion, the ability goal in the teaching goal of political course should be to cultivate students' "autonomy and self-determination" ability.
1. Autonomy, that is, students' autonomous learning ability. The subject of teaching is always the students. To give full play to students' learning enthusiasm, teachers must let students learn independently, let them extend their classes to family and society, and form good study habits.
Methods: The research on the innovative teaching mode of "students take the initiative to implement" in our school has exactly two links: "extension before class" and "group evaluation". I make full use of these two links and issue a preview study plan in advance before each class, so that students can read their own textbooks after class, discuss with each other in groups and consult various materials independently to solve the good problems in my preview study plan; In class, I ask students to show the preview results and evaluate them in groups. Then according to the students' answers, I sum up and generalize to form a unified understanding.
In this way, students' learning enthusiasm is improved and their awareness of autonomous learning is enhanced.
Autonomy, that is, students' ability to solve problems by themselves. The problems mentioned here should refer to social hot issues, so when I teach, I should pay attention to the teaching of current political hot issues.
Case 1: When talking about "economic life", "the role of finance" and "the basic characteristics of the socialist market economy", I listed the state's financial allocation to Wenchuan with the "Wenchuan earthquake" as the background material, so that students can fully understand the great role of China's finance and the basic characteristics of the socialist market economy to implement strong macro-control.
Case 2: In Economic Life, when talking about the relationship between supply and demand and prices, I asked students to do a price survey in the market, and then asked them to list some typical examples of market price changes and analyze them by using the existing knowledge. After learning the basic principles in the textbook, ask the students to analyze the reasons for the price increase of a commodity, and whether it will rise indefinitely or fall indefinitely.
In this way, students organically combine textbook knowledge with real life, practice the principle of integrating theory with practice, and more importantly, cultivate students' ability to analyze and solve problems by using knowledge.
Third, the realization of emotional goals.
Emotion, attitude and values are the main body of ideological and political views; It is the first course goal set and implemented in political teaching.
As a course to help students establish the ideal of building a Socialism with Chinese characteristics, form a correct world outlook, outlook on life and values, and lay a foundation for ideological and political quality in life, the key test for effectively implementing the new curriculum standards is to see whether the goals of emotion, attitude and values have been achieved; It can even be said that whether the goals of emotion, attitude and values can be achieved directly determines whether the new curriculum standards of political courses can be effectively implemented and whether political classroom teaching can be truly meaningful.
Case: When reviewing the "Value Judgment and Value Choice" in Life and Philosophy, I asked "Who do you admire most among many celebrities", and the students answered one after another, including Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping, Bill Gates, Liu Xiang and Yao Ming, as well as people who died in the Wenchuan earthquake, such as Tan Qianqiu, and of course some singers and movie stars. But one of Fan XX's classmates actually said that he worshipped "Fan Paopao", which really surprised me (to be honest, I was a little at a loss at that time, because I was young and inexperienced. Fortunately, my mind was spinning fast, and I remembered reading similar articles before. I adjusted my mood and told a story: when a descendant of a friend visited the lake, he came to Yuefei Temple and saw the statue of a kneeling couple. He couldn't help but sing two sentences: "People have lost their names since the Song Dynasty, and they were ashamed to be surnamed Qin." I asked, "Why is this person ashamed of his surname Qin Wei?" Some students said, "He is a traitor, and this person is ashamed.". I then asked, "Do you agree to let students worship Qin Gui?" Everyone said "no" loudly. On the verge of fire, I solemnly pointed out: "Everyone has the freedom he worships, but having freedom does not mean not wanting principles. Our principle is to look at this person's attitude towards history and people. Only those who consciously stand on the position of the broad masses of people and regard dedication to the people's cause and safeguarding the people's interests as the highest value pursuit are the objects of our worship and study; On the contrary, no matter whether a person is dead or alive, selfish, and running away from the enemy, even if he has some talents, he must never worship him! "
In class, using some examples or unexpected time and using some appropriate, encouraging, guiding and evaluating language will help students to establish a correct world outlook, outlook on life and values and lay a good ideological foundation for their future growth.
Of course, the "three-dimensional goal" is not necessarily reflected in every class, nor is it necessarily manifested independently. These three aspects are closely related and inseparable.
For example, when talking about "the relationship between exchange rate change and currency value", we have achieved both the knowledge goal and the ability goal; For another example, citing "Wenchuan earthquake case" when talking about "financial function" not only achieved the ability goal, but also achieved the emotional goal.
Therefore, I think the realization of three dimensions, namely, knowledge and skills, process and method, emotion, attitude and values, should be determined according to the teaching content and the characteristics of students. In the process of interactive exploration between teachers and students, we should randomly handle the necessary knowledge and sublimate "emotion, attitude and values" appropriately.
The above is my superficial view on how to realize the "three-dimensional goal" of ideological and political course, and I hope colleagues, tutors and experts can correct me.