For China, 2009, the most difficult economic year since the new century, has become history. As far as China's economic and social development is concerned, 20 10 is not only a year to adjust and lay a solid foundation for recovery, but also a crucial year to achieve sustainable development, and it is also a year for China to further integrate with the world's development. Economic growth will focus on "promoting the transformation of development mode". The Central Economic Work Conference in early February 2009 set the tone for China's economic development in 20 10: while China's economy is stabilizing and improving, the economic growth in 20 10 will focus on "promoting the transformation of development mode".
20 10 is the closing year of the 11th Five-Year Plan. 20 10 we should take improving people's livelihood and developing social undertakings as the focus of expanding domestic demand and adjusting economic structure, and unswervingly push forward. Taking the field of medical and health care as an example, the new medical reform plan plans to increase the financial resources at all levels by 850 billion yuan in the next three years, focusing on alleviating the problems of difficult and expensive medical treatment for the masses, and making efforts to promote five reforms such as the construction of the basic medical security system. In addition, in 20 10, the social security system was more perfect, the employment policy was more active, the construction of ordinary commercial housing and affordable housing was accelerated, and the educational and cultural undertakings entered an all-round development stage. The new year will witness the actual effect of the reform measures, and the people have reason to be full of optimistic expectations.
A number of strategic emerging industry plans will promote structural adjustment. Under the influence of the international financial crisis, the structural problems of China's economic development are further highlighted. Traditional industries are facing the pressure of overcapacity, while high-tech industries are given higher expectations. Starting from June 5438+1 October1this year, 90% of the products traded between China and ASEAN countries will realize zero tariff, fully realize the liberalization of goods trade, and greatly open the service trade market. Although external demand is still sluggish, the world's largest free trade zone will undoubtedly add impetus to China's foreign trade situation in 20 10. At the same time, China will continue to increase its efforts to explore emerging markets such as Africa, Latin America, Central and Eastern Europe and the Middle East, and optimize the structure of foreign trade subjects, commodities, markets and trade modes. Zhong Shan, Vice Minister of Commerce, said that as long as there are no major changes, it is entirely possible for China's import and export to achieve recovery growth in 20 10. He said that at present, the share of China's products in the global market remains around 9%, and it is predicted that in 2009, its exports may surpass German and become the largest exporter in the world.
Ten-year development of the western region will create a new economic growth pole. 20 10 1 is the 10th anniversary of China's strategy of developing the western region. At present, the state is studying and formulating new policies, further promoting the strategy of developing the western region and gradually creating new economic growth poles. In the past ten years, the economic and social development in the western region has changed with each passing day, and its achievements have attracted worldwide attention. According to incomplete statistics, from 2000 to 2008, there were 102 new key projects in the western region, with a total investment of10.7 trillion yuan. The great achievements in the past decade have laid the foundation for the next stage of development in the western region, and also given birth to brand-new development opportunities.
Shanghai World Expo will promote the economic growth in the Yangtze River Delta region "just wait for the opening day!" The 20 10 World Expo was held in Shanghai from May 1 day to October 3 1 day. This is another world event held in China after the Beijing Olympic Games. Organizers are expected to attract 70 million tourists from all over the world. Up to now, 242 countries and international organizations have confirmed their participation, which is the highest in the 58-year history of the World Expo.
These are China's economic achievements this year, which show China's economic leap and predict China's future economic prosperity.
In the future, China will gradually explore its own economic model and create a miracle in the world economic history. However, people are increasingly aware that this economic development model at the expense of plundering the environment and high-intensity destruction lacks sustainability. Under the background that "low-carbon economy is the driving force of future world economic growth", China, as the world's largest emitter of carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and coal and the second largest energy consumer, is facing unprecedented challenges in developing low-carbon economy and realizing the transformation of economic development mode. On the one hand, in the pattern of international division of labor, China is the world's factory, with manufacturing accounting for a high proportion of GDP, underdeveloped tertiary industry and obvious "heavy" economic structure; On the other hand, the innovation level of low-carbon technologies such as new energy technology, energy efficiency technology and carbon sink technology in China is still relatively weak and uneven. In particular, to promote the low-carbon economy, we are also facing obstacles from powerful vested interests.
However, it should be noted that compared with western countries, China has comparative advantages in promoting low-carbon economy. First of all, a strong state-owned sector is a powerful tool for the government to implement policies. Once the national will of the central government to develop a low-carbon economy is determined, the state-owned sector will become a direct means to implement the national will. Second, the state has a strong ability to intervene in the economy. The state can control and influence the investment direction of state-owned and non-state-owned sectors through various economic and financial tools.
The key point of developing low-carbon economy must be technological innovation.
In recent years, the state has attached great importance to the development of new energy industry, innovated and developed renewable energy technology, energy conservation and emission reduction technology, clean coal technology and nuclear energy technology, and vigorously promoted the application of energy conservation, environmental protection and resource recycling technology. In the choice of strategic emerging industries, special attention is paid to strategic long-term planning. For example, in the field of energy, choose new energy, renewable energy and non-fossil energy as the focus of future development; In the field of transportation, choose electric vehicles as the development focus; In the field of information, smart grid and related technologies have been identified as the development focus; In the field of manufacturing, the design of energy saving and emission reduction is the focus. In China's package plan to deal with the crisis, the focus of policy measures is not on technological innovation, let alone industrial upgrading. Under the background that all countries in the world are looking for new scientific and technological foundations and facing the new technological revolution, the development of China's low-carbon economy must be devoted to technological innovation, developing strategic emerging industries and building an innovative country. However, in terms of technology transfer, developed countries have no obligation to fulfill their responsibilities. Governments in developed countries usually shift the responsibility to enterprises, which negotiate technology transfer. We believe that without the support of the government, it is impossible for technology cooperation and transfer to invest in environmentally friendly technologies.
The development of carbon finance must rely on capital market innovation.
First of all, through the establishment of a unified trading platform and trading mechanism, gradually unify the domestic carbon trading market. Secondly, the CSRC should establish a "green channel" for public offering and listing of low-carbon enterprises without lowering the listing access conditions, and increase the proportion of listed companies with low-carbon concept in the capital market as soon as possible. Third, actively promote the innovation of derivatives market. Under the global inflation pattern, China's real economy needs to hedge the exposure risks of raw materials, stocks, equity, bonds and foreign exchange through basic derivatives.