Basic Introduction Chinese Name: Great Wall 0520 Computer Features: China Culture, Industrialization and Mass Production Nature: Microcomputer Production Date:1April 1985 Great Wall 0520 is the first microcomputer with China culture, industrialization and mass production in China. From 65438 to 0984, Wang Zhi, former deputy director of the Computer Administration Bureau of the Ministry of Electronic Industry, set up a microcomputer development team. Together with a dozen young people, they started to develop the first computer in China in several rented rooms outside the Madian overpass in Beijing, with poor facilities and narrow space. After several months of hard work around the clock, the first prototype Great Wall 0520CH was finally developed in April 1985. This is also the first Chinese, industrialized and mass-produced microcomputer in China. Great Wall 0520CH, 1984 was officially released at the National Computer Application Exhibition in June. 10M hard disk, 256K memory and 8-inch display screen are the basic configuration of Great Wall 0520-CH microcomputer. Its performance surpassed that of IBM PC and NEC 980. At the same time, its Chinese character processing level and other performances exceeded the internationally renowned brands including IBM at that time. Today, such a group of people is definitely a group of "classic car class" figures, but it has profoundly rewritten the history of the development of the computer industry in China. As the first desktop computer designed, produced and sold by China people independently in the computer history of China, Great Wall 0520-CH has gone far beyond the significance of the technological progress it has brought, marking a milestone breakthrough and success in China's information industry and changing the distance between China's computer industry and the world. For this milestone, in June 1984, American Business Week magazine published a news entitled "China's" Great Wall "participates in PC competition". The weekly commented: "This is the first sudden attack by China on the computer capital of the United States." The authoritative media in China praised "The Great Wall 0520CH triggered the birth of an industry". In this news, there is also an illustration-a Chinese-style seagoing ship, Zhang Zhu, full of sails and waves, with a five-star red flag fluttering in the wind on the top of the mast, and a personalized Great Wall microcomputer of the painter standing at the bow, waving his right arm to greet people. It turns out that the Great Wall brand microcomputer designed and manufactured by China caused a sensation among the audience at a huge computer industry exhibition held in Las Vegas in June of that year. After the Great Wall was put into the market in 0520CH, 1985, domestic demand was rapidly in short supply. By the end of the third quarter of 1986, the order volume in all aspects reached 15000 units. At the same time, the Great Wall localized many parts of 0520CH, which saved a lot of foreign exchange for the country and created considerable social benefits under the special industrial environment at that time. 0520 *** The Great Wall of Burning Years
1980, * * and Liu Degui led 05 series and 06 series to make China's own microprocessors in two different directions. That year, a national computer conference of more than 300 people was held in Beijing Xiyuan Hotel. At the meeting, the * * * research team announced their research results: 054.
* * * Change your mind
Fourth Ministry of machinery industry Institute of Electronic Technology Application (six institutes) has a microprocessor laboratory. Director Ding Shilong leads two groups, one is called Intel series, which is 05 series; One group is called Motorola series, which is 06 series. These are also the two most famous series of twenty or thirty kinds of microprocessors.
At this time, the engineers engaged in microprocessor in the Sixth Hospital must be able to design both hardware and software, and also debug and draw the board by themselves. The first book to learn after entering the Sixth National Congress is the design of microprocessor chips and peripheral chips.
1982 A team studying computer single board computer was sent to Japan. Their task is to redevelop a single-board computer in Japan, and then turn it into a complete machine on the single-board computer. Obviously, in that era, making computers meant turning small machines into big ones. Get a motherboard first, and then connect many external devices, such as large printers, photoelectric input machines, perforators and so on.
In June, 1982, 1 1, this group came back from Japan to report its work. At this point, the Sixth Institute of the Fourth Machinery Department has been renamed the Sixth Institute of Electronic Industry, and the * * * in charge of this matter is already the vice president of the Sixth Institute.
However, the deputy director changed his mind.
Hong Kong businessmen who cooperated with Six all brought an IBM PC. A box, two floppy disks, a keyboard, a monitor, very small, really a little personal. * * * thinks that this should be the development direction of microcomputer in the future, and he requires "doing it according to IBM's PC", although there is no design drawing to refer to.
* * * train of thought has been affirmed.
1983 In February, the National Computer Industry Bureau held a national computer coordination meeting in Jiuxianqiao, and set the production of IBM PC compatible machines as the development direction. We plan to produce our first PC at the National Computer Exhibition in August, and the 05 series has also been designated as the main product of the National Sixth Five-Year Plan.
At this time, the deployment of planned economy showed high efficiency. At the Jiuxianqiao meeting, this matter was implemented on the spot: one was the production plan and the other was the research and development plan. The production plan is implemented in various factories in various departments across the country for matching-this factory is equipped with chassis and this factory is equipped with power supply. ...
However, the research and development plan has encountered difficulties. At that time, IBM PC used IBM DOS, but we needed our own Chinese system. None of the more than 65,438+000 universities, colleges and research institutions attending the conference dared to undertake it. Experts believe that it is impossible to make a personal computer have the ability of Chinese characters in five months.
It is only five months before the National Computer Exhibition.
Strictly talk big.
Cui Jian, a researcher in the Sixth Hospital, was very depressed after returning from Jiuxianqiao. She said sternly to her colleagues who didn't attend the Jiuxianqiao meeting: "This incident is hard enough. No one dares to mention China's system. What shall we take to the Moscow Exhibition Hall (that is, the Beijing Exhibition Hall) in August? "
"That's not easy. What's so difficult about the Chinese character system? " Yan boasted.
One day in March, 1983. * * *, who is already the deputy chief engineer of the Computer Industry Administration Bureau of the Ministry of Electronic Industry, came to his old colleague Yan: "Xiaoyan, I heard that you have your own ideas about the Chinese character system. Can we make a Chinese character system for our own computer? "
Yan Yuan Chao hesitated slightly and gritted his teeth: "I think I can do it."
* * * was overjoyed: "What conditions do you want?"
"I want to take the lead."
* * * went back with satisfaction. The Sixth Hospital was ordered by the Computer Bureau to develop a Chinese character system. So two research groups were set up, one is the Chinese character system research group headed by Yan; One is the applied research group, which is based on the Chinese character system.
In April, Yan, an assistant engineer, took the lead and led four newly graduated students, three college students and 1 technical secondary school students to work.
There is only one IBM PC in six universities, and Yan only has four hours to use it every Tuesday afternoon. Yan Yuan Chao told a "small report": "I can't do this job, and I don't have time on the computer unless I am given five and a half days on the other hand." * * * readily agreed. At the end of April, the aircraft was approved to be assigned to the system research group in Yan. Half a month later, the Department of Electronics imported a machine from Hong Kong to the Applied Research Group.
But then, something unexpected happened to Yan.
On the first day on the computer, a college student plugged the power into 220 volts, but the computer used 1 10 volts. The machine burned down. Yan crazy, "jump off a building with a heart", there is no way, only to find * * *. * * * said, "Xiaoyan, don't worry too much. I'll think of something for you. " He took the computers to the 738 factory and tested them one by one.
The good news is that the machine is not broken, but the power supply is burned. Twenty days later, the power was brought back from Hong Kong.
1983 on may 20th, the computer bureau held the sixth five-year plan meeting in Nanjing. Yan, 32, is very nervous. He made a report on Chinese character system and put forward two methods: soft scheme and hard scheme. Finally, because of the tight time, the computer bureau decided to implement the soft scheme.
1983 May, Beijing. In the computer bureau and office, * *, Ding Shilong, Yan He and colleagues in the project team are discussing a name for the upcoming computer. Because at that time, the 734 factory in Nanjing copied a Macintosh called Zijin 1, and everyone wanted a more elegant name. Finally, Yan proposed to call the Great Wall 100, which was unanimously passed.
Yan worked hard for more than two months. 1983 In August, the Great Wall 100 was officially unveiled in a corner of the Beijing Exhibition Hall. At that time, this color computer capable of displaying Chinese characters was very attractive to everyone. The corner of the North Exhibition was crowded, and many people inquired and asked to buy it.
The electronic department officially assigned this machine a serial number, 0520 A, which is extended from Intel 05 series, from 054,053 to 0520, where "20" means 16-bit computer. At that time, 738 factory was arranged for production, and it was stipulated which factory to produce in the future, and its own brand was added in front of 0520.
10 year 10 On October 23rd, Yan took the 0520 prototype to the Geneva International Telecommunication Exhibition on behalf of the Computer Bureau. This is Yan's first time to go abroad. He didn't have a suit, so he hurriedly borrowed a beige suit from others. It didn't fit him well, so he made do.
0520 stepped onto the international stage for the first time, rivaling the Soviet Union's "054".
After returning from Geneva, the Great Wall 0520 started the "Sea Entry Project". At the end of 1983, * * needed a computer and new peripheral capabilities, such as adding a 24-pin printer to print Chinese characters. It needs a 24x 24 grid. At that time, the computer service company had this kind of character lattice. The computer bureau invited Yan to come to this lattice and input it into its own Chinese character system, so that it can type Chinese characters with better glyphs. In this way, Chinese operating system CCDOS was born.
The king's ultimatum
At the beginning of 1984, Yan, an assistant engineer, finished the work of Great Wall 0520 with a sense of accomplishment. He thought it was time to do something else, so he signed up for Japanese classes in six universities.
One day, * * * called Yan, "You proposed two schemes a year ago, the machine came out, and we also produced it. Xiaoyan, do you think the hardware scheme has been made now? "
In June, a new research group was established. In August, three engineers were transferred from 738 Factory, two teachers were transferred from Tsinghua University, engineers who had studied single-board computers in Japan before, and a group led by Yan went to Hong Kong to study the next generation of Great Wall 0520. At the same time, Ming Lu led another team to cooperate with IBM to produce a Chinese character processing software, abbreviated as HW.
1985 During the Spring Festival, Yan returned to Beijing with two graphic boards.
At this time * * * has been transferred to his post, and Wang Zhi, deputy director of the Computer Bureau, is responsible for 0520. Everyone is too slow when it comes to internal display. Yan was given a dead order: "You must take out the hardware system in May 15."
Those two graphics cards have high precision, 16 color 640X480 and monochrome 1024X768. At that time, the 8088 processor with 4.77 MHz could not reach the fast speed.
So,1March, 985, two engineers were transferred from the 738 factory to Hongkong, and Tsinghua, the first echelon teacher, returned to Beijing and changed the second batch of two teachers.
After returning to Hong Kong, Yan and others began to realize "what they think is the most complicated scheme". For more than two months, Yan talked with a Hong Kong engineer about a painting one by one, while gesticulating with her hands at a fast speed. After drawing the drawings, several other engineers immediately set up lines, punched plates and made proofs. When playing the board, Yan Yuan Chao rushed to write software, and then debugged it after writing it. ...
At the same time, some domestic manufacturers went to Hong Kong to spy out what Yan was designing. Yan didn't dare to tell them more, only said "excellent" and let them go back and guess.
In mid-May, Yan returned to Beijing again, and the samples she brought back still had wires. At the end of May, the first prototype produced in Hong Kong also came back. As soon as the domestic review, everyone unanimously "passed".
A well-equipped soft and hard Chinese character system home computer came out, 0520 CH.
1986, Yan decided to leave Great Wall Computer Company. When he left, Yan was promoted to senior engineer under the auspices of.
The optimized 0520 CH is popular all over the country.