Four major opportunities for social governance innovation in the era of big data
At this stage, China is in the accelerated period of social transformation. With the rapid development and drastic changes in society, social governance data and information, including people, property, things, things, etc., have become more and more huge and complex, which coincides with the current development of big data technology. Overall, the opportunities facing social governance innovation in the era of big data are mainly reflected in the following four aspects:
Promoting the transformation of social governance system from fragmentation to grid. At present, the fragmentation of social governance is the main problem of China's social governance system, which is specifically manifested in the following: the various government departments undertaking social governance functions work separately, with insufficient synergy, while there are intersections and overlaps between the functions of different departments, and the "information silo" and "information fighting The phenomenon of "information silos" and "information fights" exists side by side. This fragmented social governance system has plunged China's social governance into the predicament of high cost and low efficiency. With the arrival of the big data era, social governance big data has become a public **** property that can be used by all social governance subjects. In this case, realizing the complete **** enjoyment of social governance big data and continuously improving the effectiveness, efficiency and benefits of its use will help promote the synergy and cooperation among all social governance subjects, which will in turn promote the transformation of the social governance system from fragmentation to grid.
Promoting the transformation of social governance methodology from a limited case-by-case basis to "talking with data". For a long time, it has been a dominant social governance thinking in China to infer and predict the current or future social governance needs of the majority of people and even the whole society based on the social governance needs of a minority of people, and to infer the social governance policies and measures of the whole region and even the whole country based on the social governance experience of some regions. This kind of social governance thinking based on a limited number of cases has very obvious limitations, which are mainly manifested in the following two aspects: firstly, it has not fully taken into account the differences between the social governance needs of various social strata and groups; and secondly, it lacks sufficient attention to the basic national situation of unbalanced economic and social development between different regions in China. In the era of big data, the value of social governance big data lies in improving the scientificization of social governance decision-making and the refinement of the social governance process. In order to achieve this goal, the main body of social governance must make fundamental changes to the original social governance methods, focusing on cultivating the awareness of big data, promoting the full enjoyment of relevant data, relying more on specific data for decision-making, and realizing the change from a limited case-based to "speak with data".
Promoting the transformation of the social governance model from static to dynamic governance. For a long time, the goal of social governance in China has been set as maintaining social stability, and the social governance practice based on this goal is a static governance model of social governance. Over the past three decades of reform and opening up, as social mobility between different social classes has increased, and the pace of social development and change has accelerated, the original static model of social governance has been unable to adapt to the needs of economic and social development, and there is an urgent need to replace it with a dynamic model of social governance. Realizing the transformation from static governance to dynamic governance has become an important content of social governance system innovation in China. In the era of big data, the rapidly advancing big data technology provides technical support for timely and comprehensively grasping the changes and trends of social governance-related data. For each social subject who undertakes the responsibility of social governance, timely and comprehensively grasping the changes and trends of social governance-related data is of great significance in realizing the transformation from a static social governance model to a dynamic social governance model.
Promoting the transformation of social governance from simple and crude to scientific decision-making. At present, China is in the period of highlighting and concentrated outbreak of social contradictions. At this stage, coordinating conflicts of interests, resolving social conflicts, maintaining social order and promoting social stability have become serious challenges facing us. To cope with this challenge, there is an urgent need to make fundamental changes to China's original top-down mechanism for resolving conflicts of interest, gradually establish a mechanism for resolving conflicts of interest that involves interaction between the top and bottom of the hierarchy and pluralism of the main parties, and promote the scientificization of China's way of social governance. How to find out valuable information from the massive social governance microdata, form a complete set of data analysis and application system, and provide reference for the final decision-making is the key link to realize the innovation of social governance mode in the era of big data. In order to achieve this goal, there is an urgent need for all social governance subjects to realize the transformation from simple and rough to precise analysis, from focusing on macro data to focusing on micro data, and to set up corresponding institutions and jobs according to the process of big data, so as to promote the transformation of social governance mode from simple and rough to scientific decision-making.
Three major challenges to social governance innovation in the era of big data
Low awareness of big data in social governance. With the arrival of the big data era, big data analysis provides important support for the realization of the service-oriented social governance model. However, the realization of the service-oriented social governance model with big data analysis as an important support must be premised on the formation of social governance big data awareness. From the point of view of the current situation in China, the awareness of social governance big data is still relatively low, mainly reflected in the following three aspects: First, the control thinking of "emphasis on management, light on service" still has a large market in China, resulting in the formation of social governance big data awareness of the lack of a strong platform support. Secondly, the sectoral interest orientation of "focusing on the local, not on the overall situation" has led to the fragmentation of China's social governance system, thus depriving the formation of big data awareness of social governance of an important source of motivation. Thirdly, the bias of "focusing on the government but not on society" has led to a serious lack of participation in social governance by other social actors, including enterprises, public institutions, social organizations, communities and individual citizens, thus depriving the formation of big data awareness of social governance of a broad social basis.
There are many obstacles to social governance big data*** enjoyment. At present, China's social governance-related data to achieve complete **** enjoyment still faces many obstacles, mainly reflected in the following five aspects: first, the lack of the concept of data **** enjoyment, insufficient understanding of the modernization of social governance, the lack of interconnection between the data of different departments, the comprehensive utilization of social governance-related data is ineffective. The second is the lack of a responsible body for the data *** enjoyment mechanism, which leads to many government departments preferring not to act for fear of making the mistake of leaking state secrets. Third, there is a lack of regulations and systems for data *** enjoyment, and there is no way to comply with them or the laws and regulations are in conflict with each other. Fourthly, China has not yet formed unified standards and norms for social governance data ***sharing, and has not yet issued a top-level design related to social governance mechanisms that has general guiding significance throughout the country, so there is a lack of clear rules of operation and targeting for social governance big data ***sharing. Fifth, the lack of a reasonable financial budget has led to unreasonable charging mechanisms and uneven distribution of benefits among government departments in the reuse of social governance data and information resources. What's more, some government departments have departmentalized the property rights of social governance data and information resources in their possession and set up barriers to their utilization, seriously hindering the ****enjoyment of social governance-related data.
Weak capacity related to social governance big data. In the era of big data, improving the ability to analyze social governance big data and the ability to apply the results of the analysis is a key factor in realizing social governance innovation. However, at present, China's social governance big data-related capabilities are still relatively weak, mainly reflected in the following three aspects: first, the lack of the ability to analyze social governance big data, and this analytical ability is closely related to the cultivation and support of relevant talents. At present, in addition to Tencent, Baidu, Alibaba and other technology-based Internet companies mastering and applying big data analysis technology, and netting a number of big data analysis talents, China's analysis and application of social governance big data is still in the exploratory stage, and the relevant talents are very lacking. Second, at present, China's social governance subjects seriously lack the awareness and ability to form social governance needs based on social governance big data, and the ability to transform such social governance needs into effective social governance and social services is even more lacking. Thirdly, for a long time, the prediction of social governance characteristics and development trends by social governance subjects in China has been more of perceptual judgment prediction or theoretical logical projection prediction, lacking reasonable prediction based on the in-depth mining and systematic analysis of social governance big data.
(The author is an assistant researcher at the Institute of Social Development of the National Development and Reform Commission)