Advocate self-study
For beginners, it is very important for the teacher to introduce the door, but it will depend on self-study in the future. Self-study ability is particularly important for computer learning, because computers are developing rapidly. Only by mastering self-study methods and having self-study ability can we cope with the ever-changing development situation of computers. Some people say: "self-study is easier said than done!" " I said that it may be difficult to study other subjects by myself, but computers are relatively easy. Why do you say that? Because computers are more and more "approachable", people can see and touch them. Those who can move people are eager to learn. For example, how old a doll dares to turn on the TV and tune the channel, and can control VCD. Aren't TV sets and VCD players high-tech products? As the learning object, computer has a unified theoretical knowledge and practical environment, and the learning content and progress can be mastered by itself. Most things that you can't understand by yourself can be solved by computer. So I say it's easy and convenient to learn by yourself. Of course, it would be better to have a tutorial book that is convenient for self-study
Emphasize hands-on
Computer science is too practical to learn without hands-on. Computers have been shrouded in mystery since the day they were born, and many monographs, such as "The Book of Heaven", make beginners daunting. But why can many children use computers so well? What's the trick? Do it! At the beginning, I will feel "so that's it" and "no big deal"! In this way, the more you learn, the easier it will be and the more interested you will be. The combination of hands and brains is the basic mode of computer learning, so it is natural to abandon the learning mode of rote memorization and "talking on paper" and form a lively learning atmosphere. Hands-on can also strengthen the excellent style of study of integrating theory with practice and cultivate the spirit of hard work.
Pay attention to application
In the process of learning computer knowledge and skills, we should think of "use" and "use" in study, work and life. As an intellectual tool and an extension of the human brain, computer helps us to think, demonstrate and make decisions, thus improving our ability to analyze and solve problems. The children who participated in the Informatics Olympics won the gold medal in international competitions because they applied what they had learned, deepened their understanding through "application" and turned computers into handy tools. People often say that "practice makes perfect" generally means learning to use general tools. Learning to use the computer as an intellectual tool is not only "practice makes perfect", but also "intelligence", which is conducive to developing intelligence. Computer is the crystallization of human wisdom, and it combines modern people's way of thinking and scientific methods. The process of commanding and helping computers through the human brain will make people smarter and more capable. In the new century, people with great wisdom and creativity must be people who can use computers to help them with their work.
Experts Talk about "How to Learn Computers Well" (Part Two)
Surfing on the internet
Computer education is not only a subject education, but also a cultural education. At present, tens of millions of computers distributed in five continents have been networked, forming a new cultural atmosphere. Whether you can use the Internet or not will become a new measure of modern people's cultural level. In the network culture atmosphere, the ability to obtain information, process information and exchange information is very important, which is also a basic ability of modern people. In a sense, "the network is the computer". It is very important to learn the knowledge and skills of the network. Anyone who does not fully realize the importance of this matter will regret it in the future. On the other hand, culture is not equal to civilization. There are many useful things on the internet, but there are also dross. How to distinguish useful information from useless information and the ability to distinguish fragrant flowers and poisonous weeds is also a basic ability of modern people. In the matter of surfing the Internet, it is not advisable to "give up eating because of choking", but it is necessary to "take precautions".
Computer education is not only a subject education, but also a cultural education. At present, tens of millions of computers distributed in five continents have been networked, forming a new cultural atmosphere. Whether you can use the Internet or not will become a new measure of modern people's cultural level. In the network culture atmosphere, the ability to obtain information, process information and exchange information is very important, which is also a basic ability of modern people. In a sense, "the network is the computer". It is very important to learn the knowledge and skills of the network. Anyone who does not fully realize the importance of this matter will regret it in the future. On the other hand, culture is not equal to civilization. There are many useful things on the internet, but there are also dross. How to distinguish useful information from useless information and the ability to distinguish fragrant flowers and poisonous weeds is also a basic ability of modern people. In the matter of surfing the Internet, it is not advisable to "give up eating because of choking", but it is necessary to "take precautions".
Liu Ruiting: Vice Chairman of National Computer Basic Education Society, Professor of Computer and System Science Department of Nankai University in Tianjin, and Editor-in-Chief of Personal Computer magazine.
It has become an axiom that computer popularization should start with dolls. Parents, teachers, schools and society have all paid great attention to children's computer education. At this time, NIT for children appeared, which immediately aroused a warm response from the society. The consultation telephone number of the examination center of the Ministry of Education is uninterrupted all day, and 28 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions have undertaken it. So, what is NIT for children?
NIT is the abbreviation of the national computer application technology certificate examination, and now it is going to be extended to children, so it is called children NIT. What is the use of this certificate for children? Maybe someone will fly into a rage: "Why use exams to destroy young hearts?" Wait a minute, isn't there a test grade for playing the piano? No one said it was destroying children. The reason is that these children have musical cells and enjoy it. If a child has no musical talent and his parents force him to play the piano without cursing or playing, it is really devastating. In fact, examination is not equal to exam-oriented education, and the "only success, not failure" of children's NIT examination has nothing to do with destruction. It focuses on computer training, learning while learning, and is a sharp weapon to promote quality education.
Most children will like computers, which is determined by the characteristics of computers. Children's childlike innocence is curious, curious, studious, fun, active, competitive and competitive, and colorful computer software can just satisfy children's various desires. Give these auxiliary intelligence tools to children as soon as possible, and they will benefit for life. As long as children have a hobby, they can like computers through this hobby. Those who like Chinese can be used to write articles, those who like arithmetic can be used to solve problems, those who like art can be used to draw pictures, and those who like music can be used to compose music. They can like computers in different ways. So, will some children not like computers anyway? I will. But what does it matter? This kind of children will not exceed 5%, and I am afraid they need special ways to care for them.
Now, NIT for children has launched ten modules: operation basis, words, tables, drawing, surfing the Internet, music, animation, programming, multimedia and database. Each module includes process training, job design and computer examination. Anyone who has obtained three module certificates can apply for NIT children's bronze award certificate; Those who have obtained Grade 6 can apply for a silver medal certificate; Ten winners can apply for a gold medal certificate. These certificates will surely become a solid step towards informationization and digitalization, and lay a solid foundation for them to become builders of the new century.
With the development of social economy, people are changing their views. Some leaders said: "If we slow down the speed of popularizing computers in backward areas, it will widen the gap with advanced areas and make education more unfair"; Some parents said: "I want to learn computer with my children", "Buy early and buy late, and buy on demand. Low-end, high-end, just use it together "; A teacher said: "Since ancient times, heroes have been teenagers, and many children are good at computer and other homework."
The arrival of the new century will make computers and networks an indispensable source of information in our lives. "The sea is wide and the fish jumps, and the sky is high and birds fly." The time is coming when children in China have been swimming in the sea of information since childhood.
Experts Talk about "How to Learn Computers Well" (Part Two)
How old did you start learning computer?
Lv Pin: Member of the National Committee for Examination and Approval of Computer Textbooks for Primary and Secondary Schools, Vice President of Beijing Informatics Olympic School, and Director of Computer Room of Xicheng District Audio-visual Education Center in Beijing.
This seems simple, but in fact it is very complicated. The so-called simplicity means that it seems that you can answer with only one number: 6 years old, 10 years old or 12 years old. It is complicated because the word "learning" can have different understandings and different levels. Do you want to learn computer technology or professional knowledge? Is it learning operation or learning application? Should we just make friends with computers or master them? Different levels, different requirements and different answers. For most people, learning computers is not to become computer experts, but to apply what they have learned. Therefore, I only talk about my own views on this learning level.
Learning the particularity of computers
Computer is a high-tech product, its internal structure, working principle and hardware manufacturing technology are extremely complicated, and it is a scientific ivory tower. But it is so convenient and simple to use. It is much easier to learn the basic operation of computer than to learn to drive or learn a subject. This is unmatched by other machines. Now some so-called automatic washing machines, cameras and other machines are easy to use because they are equipped with "microcomputers".
Because of the particularity of learning computer, there are many levels of learning computer from primary to advanced. This is the same as photography. You can learn primary photography with a "fool camera" and advanced photography with a professional camera and rich professional knowledge.
From the perspective of popularization, there are several levels: making friends with computers, using computers to help students study, learning basic operation skills, learning computer use, learning computer applications, and learning some basic computer knowledge.
Children can "use computers"
China has popularized computer knowledge for nearly 20 years. After 20 years of working experience, many people think that they can contact computers and "make friends with computers" from the age of three and a half. Children aged 3-7 are in infancy; Physiologically, at this stage, children's hand movements begin to coordinate, they can press buttons and use the mouse. So you can also do some computer operations, which has been proved in several kindergartens.
For example, Beihai Kindergarten and Ministry of Railways Kindergarten in Beijing have started computer activities. The above facts show that there is no age limit for learning computer. As long as you have hands-on ability, you can make friends with computers.
According to work experience, we should pay attention to the following points in popularizing computers among children.
One is to use computers to learn computers, which means that computers are mainly used as tools to develop children's intelligence. In use, children like computers, are willing to make friends with computers, and learn some necessary computer operation skills and knowledge imperceptibly.
The second is the game. Chen Heqin, a famous educator in China, once said: "Children are active and regard games as life." The main activity in children's stage is games, and children's computers must also be in the form of games in order to achieve good results.
Third, in order to protect children's physical and mental health, especially their eyesight, the time in front of the computer should not exceed 15 minutes at most.
As long as we pay attention to the above points, computers can become children's "good friends". Can develop their intelligence and the ability to use their hands and brains, and develop their right brain function.
Want to know how to learn computer well? Look at my method today!
I am a person who is still in contact with computers in college. Before I went to college, all I knew was chatting online. To tell you the truth, I have no intention of going to college. If it weren't for my mother, I don't know where I would be. I will repay my mother well.
In fact, the computer is not a mysterious thing. As long as you touch it and dissect it deeply, you will naturally know a lot of secrets about computers. I study computer in college, so you will definitely ask me, and you will definitely learn a lot of computers. In fact, I really feel inferior. Most of my classmates are vocational high schools, and some of me are ordinary high schools. They are better than us. In ordinary high schools, I am the most frustrated and humiliated. So I made up my mind to keep up, so I used the following methods, which are not practical for everyone:
1: Read more books. You should regard books as your biological parents. You must read them every day, and then you must rely on them. The main thing is you can't do it without him. Think about it. If you don't read them, the foundation will be fine. Means growing up with us. Anyway, it's gradual. Take your time.
Just be interested in computers, otherwise you won't study hard. If you are interested, it is easy to say, for example, I am. There are many computer magazines in buy buy, and of course there are also hacker magazines. I have to buy them every month. Even if I am poor, I still sell pants! Alas, life is pressing.
This is the most important point. It is good to practice and surf the Internet frequently, but it is valuable to do something useful. What's the use? Just apply what you have learned to yourself, so that you will find what you have learned useful, right? Then you will learn more.
4: It's up to you. Computers are unfathomable. You must keep up with the times. Why didn't you tell me? You should know for yourself! To quote Song Zu Ying's words, "We have entered a new era", our line is moving towards a new era every day, and life is not easy!
All right, I'll stop talking. I have to go to class. Do you know any classes? Hey, hey, programming. Oh, that's a good thing. I'm leaving. I hope my words are useful. Goodbye! !
Unfortunately, young people don't watch it. How to Learn Computer Science Well (Reprinted)
Reflections on Computer Science and Technology
Computer science and technology deeply attract our students. I have been in the computer department for nearly three years, and I have done some thinking myself. I always think that computer science and technology can't be divided into computer science and computer technology at the undergraduate level, because computer science needs a lot of practice and practice needs technology; It is easy for everyone (including non-computer majors) to master simple computer technology (including programming), but the advantage of computer major lies in that we have mastered many things that other majors do not "delve into", such as algorithms, architecture and so on. Non-computer majors can easily make a chip and write a program, but they can't make a large-scale system that computer professionals can do. Today, I want to talk about computer science, focusing on computing theory.
A core problem of computer theory-from mathematics;
I remember when I was a freshman, I went to high school every Saturday and did my homework every day (at that time, it was a six-day work system). Many students exclaimed that they had gone to the wrong door: What department do we study here? Yes, you are at the right door. This is the Department of Computer Science and Technology. The tradition of China's computer department is to train people to do academic research, especially theoretical research (the direction is not necessarily problematic, but the work is not so satisfactory). In the final analysis, the theoretical research of computer, such as network security, graphics and iconology, audio-visual processing, has a great relationship with mathematics, although it may be non-mainstream mathematics in the eyes of orthodox mathematicians. Here I also want to clarify my point of view: As we all know, mathematics is a theory abstracted from real life. The reason why people abstract reality into theory is to use the abstracted theory to better guide practice. Some mathematical researchers like to use some existing theoretical knowledge to deduce several inferences, but they don't know that one is that it is probably wrong to consider the problem incompletely, and the other is that his inference can't find a prototype in real life and can't guide practice. Strictly speaking, I am not an idealist. Integrating theory with practice in political lessons has always been a beacon to guide me to learn scientific and cultural knowledge (at least I think computer science and technology should be this direction).
In fact, it is not enough for our computer department to learn advanced mathematics and optics (typical engineering colleges generally offer advanced mathematics). We should study mathematical analysis like the department of mathematics (the department of computer science in Tsinghua seems to offer mathematical analysis), and our students majoring in computer science have complicated feelings about it. It is biased towards proving mathematics courses, which is very helpful for us to cultivate good analytical ability. My software engineering tutor, Wang Yihua, a teacher from the School of Mathematics and Physics of Beijing University of Technology, once taught us that most students in the Department of Mathematics are engaged in software design and analysis, while most students in the Department of Computer Science are engaged in programmer work. The reason is that the analytical reasoning ability of mathematics students is far above ours in training. The strange phenomenon that appeared in that year was that the students of computer department were among the best in high school mathematics (I hope they didn't offend other students), and the teaching hours were second only to those of mathematics department, but the effect was not satisfactory after learning. Are all the students not working hard? I didn't see it. I wonder if it's in the wrong direction. What is the reason? Thought-provoking.
My humble opinion is that students in computer department have different requirements for mathematics, but they are even more different from physics. The so-called "Advanced Mathematics" for non-mathematics majors is nothing more than deleting the difficult theoretical parts in mathematical analysis and emphasizing the application of formulas. For the computer department, the most useful part of mathematical analysis is the theoretical part that has been deleted. To put it bluntly, for computer majors, the so-called "engineering mathematics" that pursues calculation has completely gone into a misunderstanding. Can you understand mathematics by remembering a bunch of formulas of surface integral? It's better to check now, so why bother to remember. Or just use math or Matalab.
My favorite thing to do in the department is to recommend reference books to my younger brothers and sisters. Among China's books on mathematical analysis, Peking University and Zhang Zhusheng's New Lecture on Mathematical Analysis is generally considered the best. In case you are really good at math, you can read Fichkingolz's Calculus Course-but I don't think it's necessary. After all, you don't want to transfer to the math department. Jimmy Dovich's Mathematical Analysis Problem Set is basically a calculation thing. The book is famous, but it may not be suitable for us. Again, what is important is the establishment of mathematical thought. Living in the information society, we pursue high efficiency. Let's leave the calculation to the computer. However, the mathematical analysis of Fudan University seems to be a good textbook.
China's so-called higher algebra is equal to linear algebra plus a little polynomial theory. I think this has a good side, because it can make students feel that algebra is a structure earlier, rather than a pile of matrices. I have to mention "Advanced Algebra" edited by Cheng Sen and Sheng of Nanda Lin, which is quite comfortable. This book contains the basic elementary results of polynomial and linear algebra quite comprehensively, and also provides some useful and profound contents, such as Sturm sequence, Shermon-Morrison formula, generalized inverse matrix and so on. It can be said that as an undergraduate, if you can understand this book thoroughly, then you are a master. The better advanced algebra textbooks in China are the ones used by Tsinghua Computer Department, which are published by Tsinghua Publishing House and there are many in bookstores. From the perspective of abstract algebra, the results in higher algebra are just some examples of the properties of algebraic systems. Mr. Mo Zongjian's Algebra has a profound discussion on this. However, Mr. Mo's book is too profound for an undergraduate to accept. I might as well wait until I am mature.
As mentioned above, computer science students learn advanced mathematics: they know what it is, and more importantly, why it is. The purpose of your study should be: to apply abstract theory to practice, not only to master the problem-solving methods, but also to master the problem-solving ideas. Learning theorems is not a simple application, but mastering the proof process, that is, mastering the origin of theorems and training your reasoning ability. Only in this way can we achieve the goal of learning this science, and at the same time, we can narrow the thinking gap between us and our classmates in the mathematics department.
Probability theory and mathematical statistics are very important, but unfortunately, most colleges and universities will teach less about this course. What is missing now is at least a stochastic process. It is a shame for computer students that they have never heard of Markov process before graduation. How can you analyze networks and distributed systems without stochastic processes? How to design randomization algorithm and protocol? It is said that "Random Mathematics" is a compulsory course in Tsinghua Computer Department. In addition, discrete probability theory is particularly important for computer students. The engineering mathematics in our country is continuous probability. At present, some schools in the United States offer a simple course of "discrete probability theory", which simply deletes continuous probability and talks about discrete probability in depth. We don't have to do this, but we should pay more attention to discrete probability. I think it's best to finish the work as soon as possible.
Computational methodology (also called mathematical analysis in some schools) is the last course given to us by the College of Mathematics and Science. The average student pays limited attention to this course and thinks it is useless. This is just a formula! In fact, graphics and images can not be separated from it, and cryptography can not be separated from it. Moreover, the application calculation in many scientific projects is mainly numerical. There are two extremes in this course: one is the classic "numerical analysis", which focuses entirely on mathematical principles and algorithms; The other is the increasingly popular "scientific and engineering computing", which simply teaches students to program with software packages. Personally, I think students in the computer department must know why our students in the computer department want to take this course. I am inclined to learn the theory well and then realize it by computer. It is best to use C language or C++ programming. There are still quite a few books working in this direction. Here, I recommend Calculation Method, which was jointly published by CHEP and springer Publishing House and compiled by the Department of Mathematics of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (now Huazhong University of Science and Technology). In this respect, China University of Science and Technology has done a lot of work in China, but personally, this book is the best, at least in programming: evaluation of arbitrary mathematical functions, finding roots of equations. Li Qingyang's book is too theoretical to be closely combined with practical application.