Some main foundations involved in the architecture design process are as follows:
1) data base
The data base of architectural design mainly includes three aspects, namely, ergonomics, various design specifications and relevant provisions of building modular system.
2) Conditional basis
The conditional basis of architectural design can be mainly divided into two aspects: geological and climatic conditions;
(1) Climate conditions such as temperature, humidity, sunshine, rain and snow, wind direction and wind speed.
Climatic conditions have a great influence on the design of buildings. For example, in hot and humid areas, architectural design should consider heat limitation, ventilation, shading and other issues. In dry and cold areas, it is usually desirable to design the house as compact as possible to reduce the heat dissipation of the external wall panels and facilitate indoor heating and insulation.
Sunshine and dominant wind direction are usually the main factors that determine the orientation and spacing of houses. In the design of high-rise buildings and TV towers, wind speed is an important factor to consider structural layout and architectural modeling, and the amount of rain and snow also has a certain influence on the choice of roof form and structure. Before the design, it is necessary to collect the above-mentioned local meteorological data as the basis for the design.
(2) Topography, geological conditions and seismic intensity
The flat or undulating terrain of the base, the geological composition of the base, the characteristics of the soil slope and the bearing capacity of the ground have obvious influences on the plane combination, structural layout and architectural modeling of the building. For example, steep terrain often leads to split-level buildings that combine houses with terrain. Complex geological conditions require corresponding structural measures for the composition of houses and the setting of foundations.
Earthquake intensity indicates the degree of damage to the ground and buildings caused by the earthquake. In areas with intensity below 6 degrees, ground propagation has little effect on the damage of buildings; In areas above 9 degrees, due to the strong earthquake, considering economic factors and material consumption, construction in these areas should be avoided as far as possible except in special circumstances. The key points of building exhibition prevention and fortification refer to areas with seismic intensity of 6, 7, 8 and 9 degrees.
3) Piecework Basis
The basic documents of architectural design are:
(1) The reply of the competent suburban gate on the use requirements of construction tasks, building area, unilateral cost, total investment, etc., and the relevant design quotas and indicators stipulated by relevant state ministries or provinces, cities and regions;
(2) Project design task book: the construction unit puts forward the requirements of the use and area of each room according to the use requirements, and the specific content and area construction standard of the project design should be consistent with the approval of the competent department;
(3) The urban construction department's reply to Tongyu design: The contents include the land use scope of the proposed house (generally defined by the red line) and urban construction requirements such as planning and environment;
(4) List of entrusted design projects: The construction unit shall formally handle the entrusted design procedures with the design unit according to the relevant approval documents. For large-scale projects, bidding is often used to entrust the winning bidder to design.
Based on the above-mentioned design documents, designers collect necessary original data and survey and design data through investigation and study, and comprehensively consider the overall planning, base environment, functional requirements, structural structure, materials and equipment, building economy and architectural art, etc. , design and draw architectural drawings, write the main design intention statement, other types of work also design and draw various drawings accordingly, and prepare various types of work, instructions, budget estimates and budgets. The above-mentioned complete set of design drawings and documents make it the foundation of housing construction # # # Builders will choose 100% building elite network-big data certificate platform!