In recent years, in order to support college students' entrepreneurship, the state and governments at all levels have issued many preferential policies, involving financing, business opening, taxation, entrepreneurship training, entrepreneurship guidance and many other aspects. For college students who plan to start a business, only by understanding these policies can they take the first step in starting a business. (1) College graduates start their own businesses within two years after graduation and apply for business licenses in the industrial and commercial departments where the entrepreneurial entities are located. If the registered capital (capital) is less than 500,000 yuan, it is allowed to be put in place by stages. The initial investment shall not be less than 65,438+00% of the registered capital (the investment shall not be less than 30,000 yuan), and the paid-in registered capital shall be increased to more than 50% within 65,438+0 years, and the balance can be put in place by stages within 3 years. (2) Enterprises or business units newly established by university graduates in consulting industry, information industry and technical service industry shall be exempted from enterprise income tax for two years with the approval of tax authorities; Newly established enterprises or business units engaged in transportation, post and telecommunications shall be exempted from enterprise income tax in the first year and levied enterprise income tax by half in the second year with the approval of the tax authorities; Newly established enterprises or business units engaged in public utilities, commerce, materials industry, foreign trade industry, tourism, logistics industry, warehousing industry, residents' service industry, catering industry, educational and cultural undertakings and health undertakings shall be exempted from enterprise income tax for one year with the approval of the tax authorities. (3) Commercial banks, joint-stock banks, city commercial banks and qualified urban credit cooperatives in various countries should provide small loans for graduates who start their own businesses, simplify procedures and facilitate account opening and settlement. The loan amount is about 20,000 yuan. The longest loan period is two years. If it is determined that an extension is needed due, you can apply for an extension once. The loan interest is determined according to the loan interest rate published by the People's Bank of China. The maximum amount of guarantee is 5 times of the guarantee fund, and the term is the same as the loan term. (four) the personnel intermediary service institutions affiliated to the personnel administrative department of the government shall keep personnel files (including social security, professional titles, file wages and other related procedures) for 2 years for self-employed graduates; Provide free information on the supply and demand of talents and labor force, and publish free recruitment advertisements and other services; To participate in talent fairs or talent service exchange activities, appropriate fee reduction; Provide training and evaluation services for entrepreneurial employees. The above preferential policies are formulated by the state for all self-employed college students. In order to support local college students' entrepreneurship, local governments have also issued relevant policies and regulations, which are more detailed and closer to reality. Knowing these preferential policies will make college students feel the support of the state and government and strengthen their determination to start a business. In July 2009, the main macro-control policies promulgated by the state included policy name, policy points and financial policy. Announcement (2009) 1 0 of the people's bank of China, the Ministry of finance, the Ministry of commerce, the general administration of customs, State Taxation Administration of The People's Republic of China and the China banking regulatory commission, The People's Bank of China, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Commerce, the General Administration of Customs, State Taxation Administration of The People's Republic of China and the China Banking Regulatory Commission jointly formulated the Pilot RMB Settlement of Cross-border Trade. On July 3, the People's Bank of China issued the Notice on Printing and Distributing the Detailed Rules for the Administration of RMB Settlement of Cross-border Trade (Yinfa [2009] No.212). In order to implement the Administrative Measures for RMB Settlement of Cross-border Trade, the People's Bank of China formulated the Detailed Rules for the Administration of RMB Settlement of Cross-border Trade. There are 30 detailed rules, 1 the guiding ideology and overall goal of Guiding Opinions on Improving the Payment Service Environment in Rural Areas (Yinfa [2009] No.224) issued by China People's Bank on July 6, 6; (2) Promoting the opening and use of bank settlement accounts in rural areas; (3) Actively promote the popularization of non-cash payment tools according to local conditions; (4) lay a solid foundation, smooth channels and expand the coverage of payment and clearing network; (5) Comply with the demand, take multiple measures simultaneously, and constantly improve the payment service market; (6) Pay attention to risk prevention and enhance the security of the payment service environment; (7) Strengthen publicity and attach importance to training; (8) Strengthen leadership, make overall arrangements, advance in an orderly manner, and stress practical results. 1 In July, August, the Notice of China Banking Regulatory Commission on Printing and Distributing Guidelines for Project Financing (Y.J.F. [2009] No.71) clarified that the relevant provisions of the Interim Measures for the Management of Fixed Assets Loans shall apply to the whole loan process management and loan payment management of project financing business; (2) Based on the definition of project financing in the New Capital Accord and the actual situation of domestic project financing business, the definition of project financing is clarified; (3) According to the risk characteristics that project financing is different from general fixed assets projects, a series of risk management guiding measures are put forward; (4) In view of the characteristics of large amount of project financing, long term and high risk, in order to prevent blindly lowering loan conditions, vicious competition and effectively dispersing risks, a number of banking financial institutions are required to participate in the financing of the same project in the form of syndicated loans. On July 23rd, the CBRC's Notice on Matters Related to the Overall Work Arrangement of New Rural Financial Institutions in 2009 (Y.J.F. [2009] No.72) (1) fully implemented the three-year plan; (2) Strictly implement access linkage measures; (3) Earnestly achieve the overall work goal for three years. On July 23rd, China Banking Regulatory Commission (CBRC) issued the Notice on the Interim Measures for the Management of Fixed Assets Loans (CBRC Order No.2 of 2009) (1). (2) Acceptance and investigation; (3) Risk assessment and approval; (4) contract signing; (5) Distribution and payment; (6) Post-loan management; (7) legal responsibility; (8) supplementary provisions. On July 27th, the Notice of China Insurance Regulatory Commission (CIRC) on Further Strengthening Structural Adjustment and Changing Development Mode to Promote the Stable and Healthy Development of Life Insurance Industry (Bao Jian Fa [2009] No.84) (1) deeply understood the connotation and significance of structural adjustment; (2) Adhere to the principle and direction of structural adjustment; (3) Multi-level and all-round planning of structural adjustment; (4) scientifically evaluate the effect of structural adjustment; (5) Correctly handle the relationship between structural adjustment, risk prevention and steady growth. On July 6th, State Taxation Administration of The People's Republic of China's Notice on Fiscal Policy on Strengthening the Monitoring and Investigation of Cross-border Related Party Transactions (Guoshuihan [2009] No.363) (1), an enterprise established by a multinational company in China with limited functions and risks such as single production, distribution or contract research and development should not bear risks such as market and decision-making during the financial crisis; (2) Where the above-mentioned enterprises with limited functions and high risks suffer losses, whether they meet the standards for preparing materials for the same period or not, they shall prepare materials for the same period and other related materials in the year when the losses occur, and submit them to the competent tax authorities before June 20 of the following year; (3) Local tax authorities should strengthen the monitoring of cross-border related party transactions, and focus on investigating and dealing with multinational enterprises that transfer overseas operating losses (including potential losses) to China and domestic profits to tax havens through various channels. July 13 Notice of the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Commerce, Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Environmental Protection, the Ministry of Transport and the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce on Printing and Distributing the Implementation Measures for Automobile Trade-in (Cai Jian [2009] No.333) (1) General; (two) the scope and standard of subsidies; (three) the application, review and payment of vehicle scrapping and renewal and subsidy funds; (4) Subsidy fund management; (5) Safeguard measures; (6) supervision and management; (7) supplementary provisions. July 16 Notice of the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Science and Technology and the National Energy Administration on Implementing the Golden Sun Demonstration Project (Cai Jian [2009] No.397) In order to promote the technological progress and large-scale development of photovoltaic power generation industry and cultivate strategic emerging industries, the Interim Measures for the Administration of Financial Subsidies for the Golden Sun Demonstration Project are formulated. 16 In July, the Ministry of Finance issued the Notice on the Taxation of Imported Equipment when the Processing and Assembly Factory with Materials is transformed into a Legal Person Enterprise (1) (No.48 [2009] of the Ministry of Finance). From July 1 day to July/20 1 1 day, 2009, the belt material processing factory invested to set up a legal person enterprise. It is allowed to exempt the non-priced equipment that has been filed in the Processing Trade Manual before June 30, 2008+February 3 1 day and declared for import before June 30, 2009 from import duties and import value-added tax. The time limit for customs supervision of non-priced equipment can be calculated continuously. (2) For the non-priced equipment newly filed on or after October/2009 1 2009 and the non-priced equipment filed before February 1 2008 but declared for import on or after July 1 2009, a legal person enterprise shall be established according to the current policy, except that the newly established legal person enterprise is engaged in projects owned by the state. Price Policy On July 6th, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development issued the Notice on Issues Related to Urban Water Supply Price Management (NDRC Price [2009] 1789), which clarified the general requirements for water price adjustment. (2) Strictly implement the water price adjustment procedure; (3) Improving the pricing method of water price; (4) Rationalize the water price structure; (5) Do a good job in protecting low-income families; (6) Strengthen publicity and explanation. On July 20th, the Notice of the National Development and Reform Commission on Improving the Policy of On-grid Wind Power Price (NDRC[2009] 1906) standardized the management of wind power price; (2) Continue to implement the wind power price and cost sharing system; (3) Relevant requirements. Notice of the National Development and Reform Commission on reducing the price of refined oil on July 28 (NDRC Price [2009] No.2 1 4) (1) The price of gasoline and diesel supplied by refined oil production and operation enterprises to the army, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps and national reserves will be reduced by 220 yuan per ton; (two) the highest supply price of gasoline and diesel for special users such as railways increased by the same amount. For qualified private wholesale enterprises, the highest supply price shall be determined by deducting 400 yuan from the highest retail price; (three) the highest retail price of gasoline and diesel in different places is lowered by the same amount; (four) the highest wholesale price of gasoline and diesel oil is reduced by the same amount; (5) The highest ex-factory price of liquefied gas shall be determined according to the price comparison relationship with the supply price of No.90 gasoline in military departments and other departments of 0.92: 1; (6) The adjusted price will be implemented from 0: 00 on July 29, 2009. On July 28th, the Notice of the National Development and Reform Commission on Reducing the Ex-factory Price of Aviation Kerosene (NDRC Price [2009] No.213) decided to appropriately reduce the ex-factory price of Aviation Kerosene according to the recent changes in oil prices in the international market, and it will be implemented from 0: 00 on July 29th, 2009. Agriculture-related policies In July 10, Announcement of the Ministry of Commerce on Adjusting the Catalogue of Bulk Agricultural Products Subject to Import Report Management (No.50, 2009) (1), fresh milk, milk powder and whey were listed in the catalogue, and the above varieties were subject to import report management from August 1 2009; (2) Entrust the China Chamber of Commerce for Import and Export of Food, Livestock and Animals to be responsible for the daily work of collecting, sorting, summarizing, analyzing and checking the import report information of raw milk, milk powder and whey; (3) Foreign trade operators who import fresh milk, milk powder and whey shall file with the China Chamber of Commerce for Import and Export of Food, Native Products and Livestock; (4) Foreign trade operators who import fresh milk, milk powder and whey shall fulfill the obligation of reporting relevant import information; (5) Publish relevant import information every half month. Notice of the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Water Resources on Strengthening the Management of Small Hydropower Substituting for Fuel and Rural Hydropower Electrification (No.[2009] 1937 of the Development and Reform Commission) (No./KLOC-0 of July 23, 2009), and earnestly do a good job in the preliminary work of the project; (2) Strengthening the management of engineering construction; (3) Further improve relevant institutional mechanisms; (4) Strengthen fund raising and plan management; (5) Strengthen project supervision, inspection and acceptance. Industrial Policy On July 2nd, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued "Guiding Opinions on Further Strengthening the Management of Raw Material Industry" (No.[2009]294 issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology) to strengthen the monitoring and coordination of the economic operation of raw material industry and promote the stable and healthy operation of raw material industry; Do a good job in industry development strategy and planning research, and plan the development of raw material industry as a whole; Seriously study the industrial development policy and promote the optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure of raw materials; Continue to do a good job in technological transformation of raw material industry and promote intensive development; Vigorously carry out energy conservation, emission reduction and resource conservation in raw material industry and develop circular economy; Strengthen the work of supporting agriculture and improve the ability of ensuring agricultural resources; Accelerate the revision and improvement of the technical standard system of raw material industry and improve the quality of raw material industry products; Deepen enterprise reform and speed up the pace of enterprise merger and reorganization; Strengthen the management of fixed assets investment and control the blind expansion of raw material industry capacity; Strengthen the management of foreign capital utilization in raw material industry and coordinate the development of foreign resources; Improve the laws and regulations of raw materials industry and adhere to administration according to law; Accelerate the pace of informatization and promote the integration of raw material industry; Effectively strengthen the management of safety production in raw material industry to achieve safe development; Earnestly fulfill international obligations; Fully mobilize all forces and give play to the role of industry associations and intermediary organizations; Clear responsibilities and establish a unified and efficient management system for raw material industry. /kloc-In July 0/7, the Notice of State Taxation Administration of The People's Republic of China, Ministry of Finance of People's Republic of China (PRC) on Supporting the Development of Animation Industry (Caishui [2009] No.65) provided some provisions on value-added tax, enterprise income tax, business tax, import tariff and import value-added tax; Standards and procedures for the identification of animation enterprises and independent development and production of animation products; This notice shall be implemented as of June 5438+10/October 65438 +0. Environmental Protection Policy July 19 Notice of General Office of the State Council on Printing and Distributing Work Arrangements for Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction in 2009 (No.48 [2009] of Guo Ban Fa) to strengthen the target responsibility assessment; Promote the implementation of key projects; Strictly control the blind expansion of industries with high energy consumption and high emissions; Accelerate technology development and popularization; Focus on energy conservation and emission reduction in key areas; Vigorously develop circular economy; Improve relevant economic policies; Accelerate the construction of laws and regulations; Strengthen the supervision of energy conservation and emission reduction; Strengthen the construction of regulatory capacity; Carry out research on major issues such as planning; Strengthen publicity and education.

Further reading: How to buy insurance, which is good, and teach you how to avoid these "pits" of insurance.