At that time, the loans were all discounted. For example, a nominal loan of10.20 billion yuan (with interest paid according to this amount) actually only paid back 95 million yuan, deducting 5%, which is 95% of the deduction. That is, in fact, Yingde only lent the Qing government1600 * 0.94 =15.04 million Jin, which was converted into 97 million taels of silver.

This discount reflected the political slavery of this loan and increased the repayment burden of the Qing government.