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What are the research perspectives of comprehensive risk management of commercial banks?
Commercial banks are risky enterprises, and the risks they face are various, including credit risk, market risk, operational risk, interest rate risk, liquidity risk, reputation risk and legal risk. Among these risks, the oldest and deadliest one is credit risk. Through the analysis of bank bankruptcy cases, we can find that the most common reason of bank bankruptcy is credit risk. In the past 30 years, a series of financial crises show that the crisis of banks is usually caused by many factors such as market risk, credit risk and operational risk. Professional organizations, trade associations and research institutions, such as the International Accounting Standards Committee (IASC), the sponsor organization of the National Anti-Fraud Financial Reporting Committee (COSO) and the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS), began to study comprehensive risk management. Since 1990s, the idea and concept of total risk management has been gradually accepted by the regulatory authorities and commercial banks in western developed countries. In the early days of the establishment of China's commercial banks, due to the national economic system, the level of risk management was far from that of advanced foreign banks, especially the low level of credit risk management, which led to a high balance and ratio of non-performing loans in China's commercial banks, and there were two large-scale divestitures of non-performing loans. With the continuous development of China's market economy, state-owned commercial banks have successively completed the shareholding system reform. Compared with the 1970s and 1980s, the corporate governance mechanism, internal management organization structure and risk management level of China's commercial banks have obviously improved, but compared with foreign advanced banks, there is still a big gap in risk mechanism and structure, risk management methods and tools, risk quantification level and comprehensive risk concept. With the continuous maturity and perfection of China's market economy, commercial banks are playing an increasingly important role in the national economy. The operation of commercial banks not only affects their own survival and development, but also affects the virtuous circle of the whole national economy. Therefore, the quality of bank risk management, especially credit risk management, directly affects the sustained and healthy development of China's economy. Under the background of the implementation of the new Basel Capital Accord and the wide application of the concept and method of total risk management, this paper attempts to analyze and study the credit risk management of commercial banks in China from the perspective of total risk management, and gives relevant suggestions. This paper is divided into six chapters: the first chapter introduces the research background, significance, methods and contents, and combs the domestic and foreign research summary; The second chapter mainly introduces the classical theory, modern theory, information economics theory, financial theory and other aspects of credit risk, the technology and methods of credit risk, and the ideas, concepts and methods of comprehensive risk management; The third chapter mainly introduces the current situation of credit risk of commercial banks in China and analyzes the reasons; The fourth chapter compares the differences among Wachovia Bank, Agricultural Credit Bank of France and DBS Bank in corporate governance mechanism, risk management organizational structure, business operation process, risk policy system, risk management methods and tools, and evaluates the advanced practices of foreign banks and their enlightenment to credit risk management of commercial banks in China. The fifth chapter analyzes the current situation of credit risk management of commercial banks in China, taking the analysis of the current situation of credit risk management of banks in China as a case. The sixth chapter, based on the above research and analysis, gives some suggestions to improve the credit risk management of commercial banks from the aspects of social credit system, corporate governance structure, organizational structure, risk technology and risk culture.