On September 3rd, the central bank released a survey report on consumers' financial literacy (202 1). Through sampling survey, this paper analyzes the overall financial literacy level of Chinese consumers from many aspects. The survey results show that more than 50% people are "moonlight clan" and 40% people are heavily in debt. People can't help asking a question, where did all this money go?
In this survey, the country used the probability proportional sampling method to interview 6,543.8+0.4 million adults electronically to collect relevant information. The survey covers 3 1 province in China, and the respondents are distributed in nearly 4000 towns and streets. It can be seen that this survey has certain reliability.
According to the survey, the financial literacy of consumers in China has slightly improved this year compared with that in 20 19, which is 66.8 1 this year and 64.77 in 20 19, an increase of 2.04. In the past two years, people's understanding of financial knowledge has improved, but their understanding of basic financial knowledge is still relatively weak. China's understanding of financial knowledge is good internationally, ahead of many countries.
This is also related to the consumption concept of the public in China. Public life in China has always advocated thrift and financial management. People in many European and American countries like to spend in advance, and different consumption concepts naturally have different professional fields. In order to better distribute income, it is necessary to know some financial knowledge.
Surprisingly, the survey shows that nearly 50% of adults are "moonlight clan". What is a "moonlight clan"? Simply put, spend as much as you have. Every month's salary is spent in the month when the salary is paid, and there is no money left to save. The phenomenon of "moonlight clan" is mainly concentrated in the younger generation, mostly after 90.
According to the survey, more than 30% of the "moonlight clan" have less than 60,000 yuan in deposits, and a few have no deposits or reserve funds. There are several reasons why the "moonlight clan" can't save money. First of all, with the change of social environment, people's growth environment is also changing. Most of the "moonlight family" grew up in an environment that is not as difficult as their parents', so their concept of thrift is naturally weak.
On the other hand, most of the younger generation have not yet formed a family, and their parents are still capable. They don't need to support their parents, so they can spend the money they earn. Without too much pressure in life, they will spend more money chasing fashion trends or buying things that make them happy and satisfy their desires.
The third aspect is also the most important reason why the "moonlight clan" can't save money and is not good at financial management. For those who make their own money and spend their own money, there are no fixed liabilities, such as houses and cars. As long as the income is not too bad, it is not difficult to save some money regularly every month. The reason why these "moonlight people" can't save money is because they don't know how to manage money.
Without the correct way of managing money, we won't manage our expenses and spend impulsively. When we really need money, we finally find that the cash is long gone. In the long run, this concept of consumption is unreasonable. With the correct financial management, we can avoid a lot of impulsive consumption and unnecessary expenses.
Therefore, learning financial management is very important to everyone's life. Even if you don't think you need to save money, knowing where the money goes will help you plan your personal life better. Blind consumption often gives people the illusion that money is gone if it is not spent. In the long run, money planning is getting weaker and weaker. It is necessary to know some financial knowledge.
In this survey, more than 70% of people are in debt, and more than 50% are "moonlight people". Among consumers with loans, most people said that the loan burden was light, accounting for 58.97%. Respondents with heavy burden accounted for 33.72%, and respondents with very heavy burden accounted for 7.3 1%. The survey results show that 40% of people are currently under excessive debt pressure.
Then why is the proportion of people with excessive debts so high? Who are over-indebted? First of all, consumers with lighter debts are also "moonlight families". Because they are not good at financial management, they spend money if they have money, and choose to use some early consumption platforms if they have no money. Such as flowers, loans, credit cards, etc. The money in debt is generally used for living expenses.
People with excessive debt pressure are basically people with car loans or mortgages. Buying a house has become a necessity in modern society. Most families spend their income on houses, followed by cars. Moreover, the general housing loan cycle is long, and the debt pressure cannot be quickly alleviated in a short time. Unless the lender's economic income increases, the debt is relatively high.
In addition to the reasons for excessive debt, there may be investment or other possibilities. In addition, the social economy has had a great impact on the epidemic in the past two years, and the income of some people has also become unstable. However, the high debt must be repaid on schedule every month, and the income cannot be guaranteed to be normal in a short time, which eventually leads to increasing debt pressure.
Consumers are under too much debt pressure, and the chances of saving money are even smaller. In this case, if there are some unexpected expenses, the average person can't cope. Therefore, I suggest you learn more about financial management, especially for the "moonlight family" who has no debt or light debt at present. For consumers with excessive debts, they can reduce their debts by striving to improve their own value, or make some relatively stable investments.
No matter what kind of people in China, there is a feature on the whole, that is, the knowledge of financial management is weak, and the elderly and young people account for the most. So how to manage money better and improve financial thinking? First of all, get into the habit of keeping accounts and know where your money is spent. When you know where your money is spent, reduce some unnecessary expenses appropriately.
The second step is to make a plan for your monthly funds, basic food, clothing, housing and transportation, and other expenses you think may be needed, and then implement it according to the plan. Extra money can be considered for investment, remember not to invest blindly. Choose those whose risk level is within your tolerance, learn about relevant financial management knowledge, and don't trust false financial management products.
In today's era of rapid economic development and developed in all aspects, people's income has become higher and their expenditure has also become higher. In terms of financial literacy, China is still relatively high, but it is far from enough. Improving financial literacy and knowledge will help everyone. Doing a good job in financial management will make our living expenses more organized and have a positive impact on society.