1. Self-operated loans, entrusted loans and special loans
Self-operated loan refers to a loan independently issued by the lender with funds raised in a legal way. The risk is borne by the lender, and the principal and interest are recovered by the lender. Entrusted loan refers to the loan provided by the government departments, enterprises, institutions, individuals and other principals, and issued, supervised and recovered by the lender (i.e. the trustee) according to the loan object, purpose, amount, term and interest rate determined by the principal.
The lender (trustee) only charges the handling fee and does not bear the loan risk. Specific loans refer to loans granted by wholly state-owned commercial banks with the approval of the State Council after taking corresponding remedial measures for the losses that may be caused by loans.
2. Short-term loans, medium-term loans and long-term loans
Short-term loans refer to loans with a loan term of less than one year (including one year). Medium-term loans refer to loans with a loan term of more than one year (excluding one year) to less than five years (including five years). Long-term loans refer to loans with a loan term of more than five years (excluding five years).
3. Credit loans, secured loans and discounted bills
Credit loan refers to the loan issued by the borrower's credit. Secured loans refer to secured loans, mortgage loans and pledged loans. Secured loan refers to a loan issued by a third party in the form of guarantee stipulated in the Guarantee Law of People's Republic of China (PRC), with the borrower undertaking general guarantee liability or joint liability as agreed.
Mortgage loan refers to the loan issued with the property of the borrower or a third party as collateral according to the mortgage method stipulated in the Guarantee Law of People's Republic of China (PRC). Pledged loan refers to the loan issued with the movable property or rights of the borrower or the third party as the pledge according to the provisions of the Guarantee Law of People's Republic of China (PRC). Bill discount refers to the loan issued by the lender in the form of purchasing the borrower's unexpired commercial paper.
Extended data:
The six loan methods are as follows:
1. Risk loan
Venture loan refers to a special loan issued by an individual who has certain production and operation ability or has engaged in production and operation activities, applies for the capital demand for starting or re-starting, and is recognized by the bank and provides effective guarantee. Eligible borrowers can get a single loan of up to 500,000 yuan according to their own resources and repayment ability.
2. Mortgage loan
For those who need to start a business, they can flexibly use personal consumption loans to start a business. The mortgage loan amount generally does not exceed 70% of the assessed value of the collateral, and the maximum loan amount is 300,000 yuan. Business needs to buy commercial housing along the street, you can apply for commercial housing loans from the bank with the proposed house as collateral. The loan amount generally does not exceed 60% of the appraised value of the proposed commercial house, and the longest loan period does not exceed 65,438+00 years.
3. Pledged loan
In addition to certificates of deposit, personal loans can easily obtain certificates such as treasury bills and insurance company policies. 80% of the loanable deposit certificate amount of the pledged loan; 90% of the denomination of the national debt that can be loaned by the national debt pledge loan; The amount of the loan pledged by the insurance company shall not exceed 80% of the cash value of the policy at that time.
4. Guaranteed loan
If you don't have certificates of deposit, government bonds or insurance policies, but your spouse or parents have a better job and a stable income, it is also an excellent credit resource. At present, banks have a soft spot for high-income groups, and lawyers, doctors, civil servants, employees of public institutions and financial professionals are all listed as preferential targets for credit loans.
Employees in these industries can get about 654.38+10,000 yuan of secured loans from financial institutions such as ICBC and China Construction Bank only by looking for one or two colleagues to guarantee, and they can get approval documents on the day when all kinds of materials are ready, so as to quickly obtain venture capital.
5. Microfinance
According to "laid-off workers under 60 years old, healthy, honest and trustworthy, with certain labor skills, who are engaged in self-employment, self-employment, partnership or organized employment, they can apply for small secured loans from commercial banks or their branches with a re-employment concession card issued by the labor and social security department.
Entrepreneurs can hire laid-off and unemployed people. After consultation, they can apply for unemployment loans with a re-employment concession card. Everyone can borrow up to 20,000 yuan, and the interest rate is the lowest among local bank loans. Enterprises that absorb laid-off workers 10 can enjoy a low-interest loan of up to 200,000 yuan.
6. International trade financing
International trade financing refers to short-term financing or credit facilities provided by the government and banks to import and export enterprises related to import and export trade settlement. These businesses include letter of credit opening, import bills, delivery guarantee, export bills, packaged loans, discount of foreign exchange bills, international factoring financing, forfaiting, export buyer's credit and so on.
Peking University Legal Information Network-General Rules for Loans
Baidu encyclopedia-bank loan