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Credit funds refer to monetary funds accumulated and distributed by financial institutions by means of credit.
The sources of credit funds for financial institutions include various deposits, financial bonds, liabilities to international financial institutions, cash in circulation and other items; The uses of credit funds include various loans, securities and investments, gold holdings, foreign exchange transactions, financial loans and assets in international financial institutions.
There are two explanations: first, the funds here refer to a certain amount of monetary funds, which are neither commodity funds nor production funds; Second, it is monetary funds because it is not only the currency of capital function, that is, the circulation of funds starts from here, but also the currency of functions of money, that is, it plays the role of circulation means and payment means in circulation.
Funds used by socialist state banks to issue loans. The collection and use of credit funds take the form of paid deposits and loans, which are characterized by borrowing and paying interest on time.
The increase and decrease of credit funds have certain regularity. The increase or decrease of the bank's own funds is determined by three factors: the bank's profit, the ratio of tax and interest paid by the bank to the finance, and the amount of credit funds added (or withdrawn) by the finance to the bank.
The growth rate of various deposits and settlement funds entrusted by the unit to the bank mainly depends on the growth scale of production and commodity circulation. The size of currency circulation mainly depends on the growth rate of commodity circulation and the speed of currency circulation. The use of credit funds is mainly based on the requirements of national economic policies and national plans, combined with the specific situation of market capital supply and demand, and mastered and used within the possible scope of credit funds sources.
As China's credit funds and financial funds are arranged and used by the state, whether the financial budget is balanced has an important impact on the balance of credit funds.
When the fiscal revenue and expenditure are basically balanced and slightly surplus, the sources of credit funds are relatively abundant; However, when there is a deficit in fiscal revenue and expenditure, financial loans and overdrafts from banks often bring difficulties to the balance of credit funds, leading to abnormal expansion of credit and abnormal increase of money supply. Therefore, it is of great significance to maintain the comprehensive balance between fiscal revenue and expenditure and credit revenue and expenditure for the national economy.