The normalization of Sino-US relations is also bad news for the Soviet Union. In the Sino-American-Soviet triangle, China and the Soviet Union have been enemies since the 1960s. China has since become a loner, looking around, without a friend. The Soviet Union originally wanted to use Vietnam to achieve a comprehensive strategic encirclement of China, and the situation was extremely sinister for China. Of course, the older generation of China leaders saw this, especially when the relationship with Vietnam has gradually deteriorated and Vietnam's tendency to rely on the Soviet Union has gradually become obvious. How to break through the unfavorable strategic situation to achieve the purpose of confronting the Soviet Union has increasingly become an urgent need for China.
On the other hand, the United States was increasingly disadvantaged in the Vietnam War, and its failure was a foregone conclusion. Although it was unhappy, it was helpless. Through the Korean War and the Vietnam War, the United States learned about the strength of the new China and its weight in regional affairs. Some people in the United States began to advocate the all-round development of relations with China in order to achieve peace in Asia and at the same time curb the expansion of Soviet power in Asia. This is surprisingly consistent with China's interests, because China needs to seek such strategic "allies". * * * The same interests made China and the United States hit it off, and then Kissinger secretly visited China, and China and the United States began to normalize relations and negotiate the establishment of diplomatic relations.
The proximity of China and the United States to Vietnam and the Soviet Union undoubtedly poses a major threat. The Soviet Union accelerated its efforts to win over Vietnam, prompting Vietnam to quickly invest in the Soviet Union, and immediately began anti-China actions after the reunification of North and South. Persecute overseas Chinese in China, harass our borders frequently, kill and injure our border residents and border guards, invade our country and tear down our boundary pillars. The China government has always tried its best to tolerate what it has done with the subjective desire that peace is the most important, which further strengthened Vietnam's self-confidence and ambition. However, China is not incompetent, and it is only because the time is not ripe that it is inconvenient to fight. When the time comes, Vietnam will be given a hard lesson, which is another story. In short, this confirms the saying that in international relations, there are no eternal friends and no eternal enemies. 1979 China and the United States established diplomatic relations, and Deng Xiaoping immediately visited the United States. When asked about the Vietnam policy, he said with confidence: "Children are disobedient, it's time to spank!" In fact, the army has long been ready, just waiting for the order!
1979 Punishing Vietnam War
1978 1 1 At the end of the month, the participating troops of Guangzhou, Kunming and Chengdu completed all operational preparations. 1February 8, the Central Military Commission issued a strategic deployment order. 1February 13, the marching order was issued. By the end of1February, 9 armies of the China Army and 225,000 people had gathered on the Sino-Vietnamese border in Guangxi and Yunnan.
The deployment of our army's campaign: The 4th1Army, 42nd Army, 43rd Army, 54th Army, 55th Army and 50th Army (owed to149th Division) are the Eastern Corps, under the command of Xu Shiyou, attacking from Guangxi; With the 1 1 army, the 13 army, the 14 army and the 50th army149th division as the western corps, Yang Dezhi took command and attacked from Yunnan. My campaign determination: limited time, limited depth, concentration of superior forces, circuitous encirclement, quick decision, body count and quick return.
1on the morning of February, 979 17, the China army assembled on the border between China and Vietnam, with nine troops, attacked six provinces 1 1 counties in Vietnam from Guangxi and Yunnan. Some fighters of the air force took off and patrolled our side of the border, and some warships of the navy entered the Beibu Gulf to defend the oil platform.
First, the eastern line
Our eastern front is the first military region of the Vietnamese army, and there are 9 brigades/regiments/divisions of the Army1/KLOC-0. In a two-wire configuration. The first line is the vast areas of Gaoping, lang son and Quang Ninh provinces, where six divisions and six regiments are deployed. Among them, 325B Division is located in Xian 'an area, 338 Division is located in Taiping area of Tingli County, 3 Division and 473 Division are located in lang son area, 304 Division is located in Beishan area, 346 Division is located in Gaoping area, 43 Regiment in Guangning Province is located in Mangjie area, 244 Regiment is located in Hehui County area, 576 Regiment is located in Chaling area, 49 Regiment is located in Baole area, and there is an independent camp in each border county. The second line is Hebei Province and North Pacific Province, where 5 divisions and 3 brigades/regiments are deployed. Among them, 3 12 Division is located in Taiyuan, 43 1 Division is located in Cishan, 327 Division is located in Dongchao, 329 Division is located in Hongji, and 242 Island Garrison Division is located in Jinpu. Hebei Province 196 Regiment is located in Liangjiang area, 38 Brigade is located in Dongmu area, and 98 Regiment is located in onshore area. In addition, there are 27 police stations along the Vietnam-Vietnam border, 6 in Qinzhou, 0/3 in Nanning and 8 in Baise. The police station has dozens of small people and hundreds of large people, and has four mobile classes and reconnaissance groups, mass working groups and logistics groups. The first army of Vietnam strategic reserve, the second army in Hanoi area.
The first step of the Eastern Front Battle focused on the Yue 346 Division in Gaoping area and the 3 Divisions in lang son and Tongdeng. The 346th Division, also known as "Gaobei Division", is based in Gaoping Nan Jun, and has jurisdiction over 246 infantry regiments, 677 regiments, 85 1 regiments and artillery 188 regiments. Among them, the 246th regiment is the main force of the division, also known as the "trendy regiment", which was formed during the Anti-French War. At that time, it was the main force regiment directly under the General Staff of the Vietnamese Army. It served as the central guard of Vietnam, participated in the border battle and the No.9 highway battle, and was good at sports attacks and defensive operations. Yue 3rd Division, also known as "Jinxing Division", is based in lang son and its south, with two regiments, 12 regiment,14 regiment and artillery regiment 68. The division was originally located in the south, and was transferred to the land-difficult land-shore area in June, 1976, belonging to the First Military Region. Before the war, it was transferred there, and the division and/kl.
Our Eastern Corps was organized into four groups: North Group, South Group, East Group and Mobile Group * * *, and entered Vietnam on the road of1February 7, 979 14. Three hours later, the North Group broke through Molong, wiped out the enemy and set up its own camp, heading for Tongnong, and the assisting troops were fighting fiercely with the enemy in the direction of Chaling. The South Group broke through the layout barrier and wiped out the enemy's independent battalion. The 43 rd Army Tank Regiment entered Dongxi in 3 hours (1 1 hour), and the 42 nd Army 126 Division's 378th Regiment was killed at 4: 48, and 18: 376th Regiment also joined the Tank Regiment. The bridge has been occupied in the direction of Shuikou, and the Mule-Horse Bridge has been built. East group broke through the same board.
When our main thrust troops approached Dongxi through the Nagang River, the Vietnamese army 17 opened the Dongshan Reservoir in the east of Dongxi on the afternoon, resulting in a flooding area with a longitudinal length of 800 meters and a width of about 70 meters and a mud depth of about 1 meter, which was unexpected by the South Group and the military region (this reflected that our army did not know enough about the Vietnamese situation. In fact, the troops were attacking while advancing. The military region urgently dispatched three companies of the 2 nd Corps of Engineers, two militia battalions and 700 migrant workers for emergency repair. In addition, it was decided that the troops would pass through Shuikou Bridge, pass through Fuhe County, go up to Songshan Mountain, enter Highway 4, and catch up with the infantry troops attacking on foot. However, in fact, Shuikou combat troops did not lay down the county town of Fuhe, and the main points of the interspersed route were still in the hands of the Vietnamese army. The troops originally serving as the combat troops in this area could not continue to attack the above areas and main points, and some troops were repelled by the Vietnamese army. The front of the military area command decisively ordered the mobile troops that arrived in Longzhou on 0/9 to join the battle in Shuikou and Fuhe areas. Our mobile corps, full of physical strength and tenacious fighting style, marched in two columns by car and immediately attacked the main points around Pingjiang Bridge area. The 84th Battalion of Zhouqiao 1 Battalion braved the enemy's fire and worked tenaciously, and set up a pontoon bridge at the cost of more than 20 people. At this time, the troops blocked in the Banweng water barrier quickly moved into Gaopingcheng along Shuikou, Fuhe, Songshan and No.4 Highway, but temporarily changed the attack route and made twists and turns, wasting a day and night all the way.
During the storming of Highway No.4 by the Mobile Corps, the troops paid a lot of unnecessary costs, especially the infantry troops on the tanks, which suffered terrible disasters all the way. In order to prevent the infantry from being thrown off the tanks, some troops actually fixed their soldiers on the tanks with backpacks. As a result, when the interspersed troops were attacked, the infantry could not get off in time and almost became fish on the iron plate. Some soldiers were tied to the tanks to death, which was terrible. The author witnessed this tragic scene in the internal documentary of the military region. Our army's tank troops on infantry were ambushed by the enemy anti-tank mixed forces at a mountain pass, and the narrow road met each other. The first car was destroyed, and the second tank followed, and the four soldiers who died on a destroyed tank on the roadside were still dying, with almost the same posture. A backpack belt helped their bodies tightly on the tank.
The two troops who carried out the interpenetration in Gaoping Theater launched an extremely difficult advance. The "garland under the mountain" has shown us the hardships in a very vivid way. In fact, the interpenetration troops suffered even more. Originally scheduled to be interspersed in place one day and night, the camp of Gao Ping and the Vietnamese army was actually interspersed for four days and nights. During this period, the heads of the troops were interspersed in order to be interspersed in place on time, and they did not contact the military radio stations all the way, so that monk Xu lost his temper and the whole army informed criticism after the war. In fact, monk Xu doesn't know the fighting style of the troops in the Four Fields. In fact, even if he is in contact with the military area command, what support can the military area command give them? Why didn't he carefully survey the terrain and select the breakthrough areas before the war? Why didn't he think that the enemy might destroy the road and open the reservoir before the war? Why did he stick to the old ways and desperately storm the heavily guarded Shuikou of the enemy, and the layout was closed, instead of bypassing it, just like Yang Dezhi on the west line avoided the front of the old street and inserted it into the enemy's rear from both sides, although it took a long time. Why didn't you expect the enemy to lay a lot of mines on our circuitous and interspersed roads, and set fire to hit the elements? In fact, some interspersed troops were defeated by Vietnamese fire. In a word, fighting is taken for granted, old experience is used to set up new situations, staff officers are aging, and they don't know each other.
On February 18, the Vietnamese army found that we were interspersed with troops, and dispatched 346 regiment, 85 1 2nd battalion, 3rd battalion, 9th company, 20 special agent battalion and a hail "anti-tank rocket battery" to occupy 65 1, 526 and 490 highlands in Boshan, south of Gaoping, in an attempt to stop our army's South Group. 19, our South Group successively fought against the minefield, bamboo stick array and artificial wall-breaking along the route, breaking through the layers of sniper, and annihilated the above-mentioned elite sniper troops, among which the captured Soviet-made hail anti-tank rockets of the Vietnamese army are still displayed in the Beijing Military Museum for people to visit.
On February 20th, our South Group approached Gaoping City from the east and south, and the troops interspersed by the South Group were basically in place. Just as the South Group's attempt to penetrate was discovered by the Vietnamese army, the action of our North Group was also judged by the commander of the Vietnam War Zone as an infiltration detour. Objectively speaking, the Vietnamese army has no less understanding of our traditional middle breakthrough and two-wing detour tactics than our army. The Vietnam 346 Division urgently transferred a company car to seize the natural danger and happiness, in an attempt to delay the rapid penetration of troops by our North Group.
The rapid force of our North Group is composed of the tank regiment 1 battalion and the 2nd battalion of the 67th regiment. Starting from Tongnong, it is heading for He 'an, and it goes straight into the detention center to control the key points of detention, resulting in a favorable situation of sharp knife breakthrough. The main force of the 67th Regiment followed up. On the same day, the main force of the 2nd Battalion encountered a company that was blocked by a car with the Vietnamese army in Anle area. The battalion asked for instructions in time and reported it to the front of the military region. Commander Xu ordered it to be annihilated. However, due to the poor communication and command system of the three armed forces at that time and the lack of training of business personnel, it was out of shape and became an in-situ organization defense. As a result, the sharp knife troops did not completely occupy the Zhatun area in time.
The first annihilation target of our North Group crossed the 852nd regiment and slipped out of the tight encirclement through the highway south of Koutun. At that time, due to inaccurate information, I thought that the 852 nd regiment was in Banzhuang. It took time and labor for this unit to climb over many mountains, and when it entered Tianfeng Daling, it was blocked by the enemy, and the road was destroyed and its progress was blocked. At this point, our North Group's tactical attempt to weave around the west side of Gaoping enemy failed, and Gaoping enemy could only be wiped out by the South Group. In front of the military area command, Longzhou Brigade, another mobile group, avoided the Vietnamese army from the west and attacked Gaoping City. At this time, the Banweng water barrier was repaired and drained by our engineers and militia, and finally it was able to pass after 3 1 hour. The transportation before and after tended to be normal, and the logistics supply was unblocked again.
On February 24th, Longzhou Brigade and South Group were ready to attack Gaoping on three sides, east, west and south. Under the unified command of Wuzhong, the deputy commander of the military region, they fought fiercely for seven hours before and after, and occupied Gaoping provincial capital at 0: 25 on the 25th. However, the annihilated enemy only covered the troops, and the whereabouts of the 346th Vietnamese Division were unknown. On the 25th, the former leader ordered all sections to be cleared and swept, and the North-South Group formed an iron arm to search and clear back and forth, while the mobile group searched and annihilated the 346th Division and the command post. From February 26th to early March, the 346th Division and local residual troops were basically annihilated, but the command organ of the 346th Division was not found, so it is estimated that it has escaped from the encirclement.
From February 17 to February 23, the East Group fought together to develop the firepower advantage of our artillery and wiped out all the local Vietnamese troops, creating the first example of annihilation war on the Eastern Front. On February 27th, East Group strengthened some divisions and entered the periphery of lang son. At 7: 50, a 10 minute artillery attack was carried out, and at 8: 00, all infantry units were deployed. On the 29th, the periphery was cleared. At 9: 30 on March 1 Day, 300 guns were concentrated, and tens of thousands of rounds were dropped in 30 minutes. At that time, monk Xu was already red-eyed, and personally ordered that "after the dawn attack began, no house in lang son could be left." In fact, monk Xu was red-eyed, and all the participating troops on the Eastern Front who had suffered hardships and blood-stained clothes had already been possessed by the earth star, and their anger was 30 thousand zhangs, and the order was carried out to the letter.
The Vietnamese army reinforced the most elite 308th Division from Hanoi to launch a counterattack against lang son, and used chemical weapons. On March 4th, the 308th Division was repelled by our army, and our army conquered lang son. South of lang son, Ma Pingchuan, there is no danger to defend. Since ancient Vietnam's rebellion, if China's army breaks lang son, the king of Vietnam will tie himself up and surrender.
Second, the western line
The Red River is the boundary river between Yunnan and Vietnam, with a width of 160 to 200 meters and a water depth of 3 to 5 meters, so you can't just wade. On the right bank of the Red River, 230, 248, 3 18, 489, Xinguan and other highlands stand. The enemy heavily fortified, controlled key points and blocked the river surface. At 2 16, February, our 13 army on the western front moved to the river secretly and quickly, and sneaked into the Red River at seven ferries by assault boats and rubber boats. By 7: 00 on 17, we successfully passed four infantry regiments, three reinforced infantry battalions and/kloc-0. /kloc-at 4 o'clock on 0/7, when the pontoon bridge troops began to build bridges, the enemy discovered our army's action attempt and hastily organized resistance, but it was too late. At this time, my troops were advancing rapidly to Longjin area, and the vanguard troops of various ministries began to panic in the battle of the enemy's defensive front support points. 1 1/Regiment 2 Battalion launched an attack on Highland 230 with sudden and fierce fighting action, and captured the Highland at 7: 30, wiping out the enemy1battalion and1reinforced infantry company. The Ministry 1 Battalion raided the 248 highland at night. After two hours of fierce fighting, it wiped out the enemy 1 company and some militia. At 7 o'clock, our army shelled Guliu, and the enemy was in a panic. At 8 o'clock, three pontoon ferries were opened. At 10, all the main forces of 13 crossed the Red River and went into battle. 109 regiment successively captured Shendian, 152, 17 1 highland, and wiped out 128 enemies; 1 10 regiment successively captured Guosha, 22 1, 2 18 highlands and wiped out 95 enemies. 1 15 regiment successively captured Boguang, 25 1 and 305 highlands, and wiped out more than 90 enemies. 1 13 Regiment and 1 2 Regiment1Battalion were joined by 7 companies. They used the dark night to secretly meet the enemy, and adopted the tactics of cutting off the back road, encircling them, encircling them first and then fighting them out, and encircled the enemy in Basha area. After 3 1 hour fighting, Basha area was captured, 496 enemies were killed and 44 were captured. Before the night of 13, the frontier defense13 regiment successively wiped out the enemies of Dongsang, Nanmi, Spy Lan and the new official, and wiped out more than 200 enemies. In this way, on the 48-kilometer section from Hekou to Bohe, our army made a breakthrough across the board, wiped out more than 1,000 enemy troops in one fell swoop and advanced in depth. The enemy's attempt to use the Red River natural barrier to prevent our army from winning all failed completely.
Laojie, the capital of Huanglianshan Province, is located at the intersection of the Red River and Nanxi River. It is an important gateway to Vietnam, with both railways to Hanoi, highways and water transportation of the Red River. The Vietnamese army organized defense in Laojie, Xiaocao and 475 Highlands in an attempt to stop our army from advancing by relying on the Red River as a barrier and relying on the highlands. The Vietnamese army has built a large number of trenches, permanent shelters and earth-wood launching points outside the old street, and has made good preparations for shooting our main goals and the way forward. Our 14 Army, according to the operational tasks entrusted by the military region, ordered the 40th Division to concentrate its main forces and weapons, and annihilate the enemy in Laojie first. The 40th Division Order 1 18 Regiment first sneaked into Nanxi River with one unit to annihilate the enemy in Xiaocao area, and then switched to troops, adopting the methods of dividing and encircling, flanking and attacking from behind, and annihilating the enemy in the old street area. /kloc-at 0: 50 on 0/7, the 2nd Battalion and 4th Company successfully crossed the Nanxi River and crossed the 457th Highland. At 2: 50, 1 battalion launched an attack on the enemy in the area north of xiaocao, and the fighting was very fierce. At 0700 hours, Company 7 of the Friendship Neighbor 120 Regiment captured Highland 3. 1 Company relied on its established position, repelled the enemy six times in a row, continued to launch 12 attacks on the enemy, and captured 1 No.2 and No.2 highlands at 13: 40. Company 2 captured Highland 5 at 15: 38, and then cooperated with Company 7 of 120 regiment to capture Highland 2 18. 4 when it is connected to 12 15, it is inserted into Oman; Company 5 was inserted at 9: 48 to the east of Highland 36, and confronted the enemy. The 6th Company seized the 20th highland 6 meters ahead of the enemy, and repelled the enemy 1 1 times. 12: 40, the second echelon (120 3rd Battalion) joined the battle in five and a half directions, and launched an attack on highlands 22, 23 and 24. After a fierce battle day and night, it broke through the enemy defense in Xiaocao area and created favorable conditions for conquering the old street. 18 13: 40, Company 7 of 3rd Battalion entered the northwest ridge of Highland 10 and was suppressed by enemy fire. The company organized troops to carry out multi-channel assault. After two hours of fierce fighting, it captured the highland, repelled the enemy 13 times in a row, and consolidated its position. 19 17 120 Regiment 2 Company captured Highland 37. At 0: 25 on 19, the 2nd company of the tank regiment of the military region took the 4th company of 120 regiment 1 platoon and launched an attack on Laojie along Highway 7, but it didn't work. 1 1 20, 1 18 regiment 1 battalion joined the battle and launched an attack in the direction of highland 9. With the support of my powerful artillery, we quickly captured the highlands No.9, No.8 and No.7. 1 20th regiment1company captured 10,10/highlands. At this time, Company 2 and Company 3 of the 1 18 regiment launched an attack on Highland 6 from both sides. After seizing it, they went straight into 13 1 Highland, controlled key points and prevented the enemy from fleeing south. 1 1 30, Tank Company 2 joined the battle between Highlands No.5 and No.6 and launched an attack on Laojie and Pumei. /kloc-at 0/2: 09, five tanks entered the downtown area of Laojie and three tanks entered Pumei Station, destroying seven enemy shelters and two cars. Infantry immediately entered the old street city to search for the remnants of the enemy. 12 hours 19 minutes, the battle ended successfully. The whole battle lasted 60 hours and 45 minutes, killing 433 enemies and capturing 4 enemies.
Fengtu is located face to face in Jinping County, and there is a 74 1 regiment of the Laizhou Provincial Team of the Vietnamese Army. The three battalions of the regiment were deployed in Buduo, Malutang, Banangun, Malipo, Ban Rao San and other places. In addition, Banan Stick has the 33rd police station; There is a battalion of 139 regiment stationed at Bashan Pass. Relying on the commanding heights of the boundary river, the enemy set a defensive depth of 3 to 5 kilometers, and set up a second defensive position at the main commanding heights in the depth to defend at different levels. I 1 1 Army commanded 3 1 Division and 94th Regiment of 32nd Division, and commanded 35506 troops and 8 companies of a certain frontier defense regiment. First, we annihilated the enemy in Banangun, Malipo and Buduo areas, then captured Bataan with one force, and went out to Nansou, where the main force captured the land and contained the enemy 3. On February 17, the Ministry launched an attack on all fronts according to the unified deployment of the military region. At 20 o'clock that day, Xiluolou, Jinjitang, Tianxun, Malipo, Banangun, Malutang, Liufuma, 1928 Highland and Buduo were captured. /kloc-from 0/8 to 20, most of the troops searched for the remnants of the enemy and went out to Baima River, Daping, Babao and Bubabao areas. 9 1 A reinforced battalion attacked and wiped out the enemy in Musang area, creating favorable conditions for developing the offensive. After two days of preparation, 3 1 Division, with the cooperation of 35,504 troops, launched an attack on Basha Pass on 23rd. By 9: 40/Kloc-0, all the Basha Pass and three highlands north and west of Badong were captured, and the remnants of the enemy were wiped out on the spot. From the 27th, the main force gradually pushed into Fengtu along both sides of the highway, and successively captured 1 1 commanding heights, and captured Fengtu county town at 19: 00 on March 3rd. On March 4, I went out to Fengdeng and Wangbao areas with a force. During the retreat, the 9 1 regiment and the 35503 troops 1 battalion set out from Basha Pass and Daling area respectively to attack the scattered enemy. The fighting started on March 5th 18 10, and by the early morning of the 8th, all the enemies in the area were wiped out. In the whole battle, * * * killed 7 10 enemies, captured 35 enemies, and seized a batch of weapons, ammunition and military supplies.
After the enemy's defense depth system was destroyed by our army, it was ordered to defend the orange pond area. The enemy's 345th Division hastily adjusted its deployment, transferred a battalion in the Red River area to the west, and together with 12 1 regiment, built fortifications in the areas of Gusa, Dianna, Ronghe and Zhenwei to prevent our army from advancing southward. At the same time, the main force of the enemy's 3 16A division came to the east, trying to attack our army and capture Guliu and Laojie to solve the danger of Tangtan. On February 2 1 day, the military region conveyed the instructions of the head of the military commission on fighting a big battle and a bad battle in the orange pond area, and issued the order to annihilate the enemy of the orange pond. That night, the 13 Army held an emergency combat meeting to make specific arrangements, and decided to take the 39th Division as the task of blocking aid, capture the Dainai area, control key points, organize defense, and fight against the eastward aid of the 3 16A Division to ensure the safety of our main flank. With 37 divisions from the left and 38 divisions from the right, we carried out a pincer assault and divided the enemy in the orange pond area. On the afternoon of 22nd, 1 16 Turbulent Battalion launched an attack on the enemy in Dainai area, fighting fiercely for five hours, and captured Dainai and its surrounding highlands. The enemy's 3 16A division was so frightened that its 148 regiment made a crazy counterattack. I 1 16□ Company and 1 17 Regiment Company 2, 4 and 9 fought tenaciously, relying on favorable terrain. From 22nd to 24th, the enemy was defeated for 30 times in a row, and more than 900 people were wiped out, but the enemy never made a step forward. The success of Dainai's blocking war divided the 3 16A Division and the 345 Division, which ensured the safety of our main flank and created favorable conditions for annihilating the enemy in Tangtang. The battle to attack Tangtang started at 7: 00 on February 23rd. Our army concentrated strong artillery fire for 25 minutes, causing great damage to the enemy. Subsequently, our infantry launched a fierce attack, broke through the enemy's defense in just one hour, and Lien Chan won the battle, advancing 7 kilometers in depth that day. After a day of fierce fighting, most of the main points north of Ronghe and Zhenwei were captured by our army, which opened the door to the north of Tangtang. On the 24th, our 37th and 38th Divisions attacked with pincers, chasing down the fleeing enemy in the direction of Tangtan. 109 The regiment inserted along Langjian, Chunzeng and Langton, and went straight into the Waibo River suspension bridge. 11/Tuan 2 Battalion arrived at 19: 40, and reached an encirclement of Lang Ren's enemy. 1 10 surrounded Langton's enemy lines and occupied Langton area at 1 1. 1 12 regiment, 1 13 regiment captured the highlands of 3 12 and 563, and continued to make rapid progress to the south. 1 13 regiment entered the unknown highland southeast of Zhilangwa at 18: 55, and cooperated with the 37th Division to reach an encirclement of the enemy in Tangtang. 1 14 Regiment Battalion went straight into Unity and Jiafu, and mainly encircled the enemy of Gantang Phosphate Mine. At 12 on 25th, the main force of 13 army successfully completed the task of conquering Gantang city, an important town in northwest Vietnam. In addition to the enemy 345 division commander rate remnants escaped from the outer Po River, the whole division was annihilated, and * * * wiped out more than 2,600 people. This battle completely shattered the enemy's attempt to defend the orange pond and attempt to attack our army, and dealt a head-on blow to the arrogance of the 3 16A Division.
After the Vietnamese army was hit hard by me, 345th Division 1 18 Regiment, 124 Regiment, 246 Regiment in Huanglianshan Province, and 0/49 Regiment in Yongfu Province were in Longhui, Fengnian, □ Gan, De Nan, Bangan, Dongjia and Langle. In order to crush the enemy's attempt, our 14 Army decided to attack Langzhong directly into Langyang with a force of 40 divisions, and the main force attacked Nanzong and Banluo to cut off the enemy's retreat. The 42 nd Division first captured□ Gan, 575 Highland, Bangan, Banqin Mountain and other places, and then developed an attack in the direction of Guoshen and Paving; 4 1 division is the reserve team. On February 2 1 day, the 40th and 42nd divisions launched attacks respectively. On 23rd 19, the 42nd Division captured □ Gan, Bangan and 575 Highlands. 108 regiment, after annihilating the enemy on the south side of the southern expedition, inserted its main force into Banluo and cut off Highway 7 on 23rd. 120 Regiment successively wiped out the enemies of Dragon Emblem, Langzhong and 428 Highland before 23rd. In order to speed up the attack, with the approval of the military region, the 4th1Division joined the battle in Dongjia area on 23rd, and went straight into Guo Shen along Highway 7, while the 42nd Division went straight into the paved building in Langduo, controlled the Red River ferry, cut off the enemy's escape, and then rolled northward, cooperating with the 4th1Division to annihilate the enemy on the left bank of the Red River. At 6 o'clock on the 24th, all the troops launched a fierce attack on the enemy. 120 regiment captured Rondo at 22: 00 on 25th, and captured the unknown highland in the northeast of Shanga at 2: 00 on March 1 9, and cooperated with 1 19 regiment to go straight into the building in the rain overnight. On March 2, at 12, the 1 19 regiment entered the mountain ridge on the northwest side of Pulou. After six hours of fierce fighting, it captured Pulou and took control of the Red River ferry. 120 regiment went north from paving the building, and captured Bami, Langlian and other places on March 5. 12 1 regiment penetrated into Dongguang, cutting off the enemy's retreat. 122 regiment and 123 regiment developed their attacks along both sides of Highway 7, and captured Langle and Weima areas at 7: 50 on March 1 day/kloc-0. 1 1 cooperated with the 32nd division of the army123rd regiment joined the battle on both sides of the road east of Weimar, and successively captured the unknown highland south of Guoshen, Chundou and Nanka. The whole battle lasted 12 days, and * * * wiped out 2224 enemies.
Sabah is an important town in the north of Vietnam and the gateway to Anpei. There are many natural caves and cliffs here, and the terrain is dangerous, easy to defend but difficult to attack, inconvenient transportation and difficult to maneuver. After the enemy's 3 16A division was hit hard by me in Dainai, there was no hope of helping the east and it hesitated in Sabah. The military region decided to transfer the 50 th Army/KOLOC-0/49 Division,/KOLOC-0/32 Division and 95 Regiment to the unified command of/KOLOC-0/3 Army Chief to annihilate the enemy aided by 3/KOLOC-0/6A Division. 13 Army decided to use 149 Division 447th Regiment and 445th Regiment 2 Battalion to penetrate Xinzhai and Daping areas and cut off the enemy's retreat; 149 The main force of the division was launched in Benxi 'ai and Rowen Songxian, and major attacks were carried out on Sabah along both sides of the highway to annihilate the enemy in Sabah. At 6: 30 on February 25, the 447th Regiment and the 2nd Battalion of the 445th Regiment marched in the rain. 27 12: 30, the first camp to Gegaimiao, was blocked by the enemy. The battalion immediately launched an attack, wiped out one enemy, and advanced to the south side of Ganhe Mao that night. On March 1 day, the 3rd Battalion of the Ministry launched an attack on Shanyakou, north of Xinzhai, and fought fiercely for eight hours, but it failed because the terrain was unfavorable to me. The 2nd Battalion of the 445th Regiment entered the Daping area at 2 1 on the 27th, and was blocked by the enemy, which quickly seized the favorable terrain and contained the enemy. On 27th 12, our regiment 1 17 launched an attack on the enemy east of Penxi Ai. On 28th, we went to Jiguanghu and introduced the enemy to the 446th regiment. At the same time, our 95th regiment captured the 1663 highland. On March 1 day, the 446th Regiment entered the battle, and the 2nd Battalion was blocked from entering the No.4 Bridge area. Immediately, it organized forces to annihilate a reinforced company of the enemy. In order to speed up the attack, on March 2, the 445th Regiment, the 446th Regiment and the 95th Regiment launched a multi-channel attack along both sides of the Sabah Highway, and captured Sabah at 1 1 20 on March 3. At this point, the 445 regiment continued to attack the west and met the 447 regiment. On March 3rd, our 447th Regiment launched another attack on the enemy at the pass on the north side of Xinzhai. 1 Battalion used the night darkness to insert into the highway, while inserting and playing, and repelled the enemy for seven times. Subsequent troops captured the pass at 1 1. At dawn on the 4th, the 447th Regiment joined forces with the 445th Regiment and successfully completed the combat mission. The battle, which lasted seven days, wiped out more than 2000 people.
By March 4, our troops on the eastern front had penetrated 20 to 40 kilometers into the enemy's depth and captured Gaoping, Liangshan, Heguang, Chaling, Guanghe, He 'an, Tonglong, Shi 'an, Chongqing, Changding, Wenlang, Gaolu, Luping and Tongdeng and other towns and strategic places. On the western front, our army broke through the enemy's defense for 40 kilometers, captured Laojie, Tangtang and Basha, Baosheng, Meng Kang, Fengtu and Sabah, and went out to Guoshen and Pavou. The important towns in northern Vietnam are controlled by our army, and the situation of bullying Hanoi has been formed, and the strategic goal of counterattack has been achieved. On March 5, the military commission issued an order to withdraw troops. The troops retreated alternately under cover, and scorched earth was implemented all the way. All the machinery and equipment that could be taken away were taken away, and all the public property that could be destroyed was destroyed as punishment. When some troops with heavy casualties retreated, they fired blindly and desperately to vent their resentment. On March 13, all our troops on the western front withdrew to China, and all our troops on the eastern front withdrew to China on March 16, thus ending the self-defense counterattack against Vietnam.
The result of the war and its influence
1979 The war against Vietnam had a greater impact on me than the previous Great Patriotic Wars. I won't say much about the well-known reasons, and its tragic degree alone almost matched the Korean War. Although our army suffered nearly 600,000 casualties in the Korean War and 26,000 casualties in Vietnam, most of the 600,000 casualties were caused by the excellent equipment of the US military. Our army has always despised the combat quality of American infantry and criticized its tactics. As a matter of fact, the volunteers won the Korean War that year, partly because of their excellent fighting quality and fearless dedication, and partly because of their superior tactics. The US military has never had a good response tactics, let alone surpassed the volunteers in tactics. However, the war against Vietnam made our army face for the first time a man who was so similar to himself, whether it was history or reality, whether it was military style or combat accomplishment, whether it was ideology or humanistic thought.
Some people say that the war between two socialist countries is the most incomprehensible, and the war between two eastern countries is the bloodiest. During the 79-year war, China and Vietnam got to know each other more truly. It is no exaggeration to describe this border war with rivers of blood. The Vietnamese regular army paid 39,000 casualties, and the number of casualties of local troops, militia and guerrillas is still unknown. The total casualties of both sides are definitely above100000, from February 17 to March 5, just/kloc-0.
Don't be afraid of your own shortcomings. Since then, our army's army-building thought has been able to set things right. From the political movement period, it has blindly emphasized that people's spiritual strength comes first and turned to the normal track of paying equal attention to it. The 79-year war told China soldiers that they can't defeat the enemy without fear of death, and that spiritual atomic bombs can't kill people. Normalization should include excellent training quality and excellent command art (at that time, China's army actually only paid attention to training soldiers, and soldiers without knowledge could hardly adapt to the command requirements of modern officers). We should thank the Vietnamese army, which is like the shadow of China's army. It is painful to fight against its own shadow, but only from the shadow can we better understand ourselves, know our shortcomings and understand the necessity of promotion.
After 1979, the PLA obviously began to attach importance to the daily regular training of the army and strengthen the training of grassroots officers. A large number of military academy students have been enriched to grass-roots companies, and Shijiazhuang Infantry School graduated nearly 10,000 officers a year in its heyday. The army has basically stopped the practice of selecting officers from soldiers in large numbers, and replaced it with two ways: selecting cadets from local high school students and recommending examinations from the army good soldier. Officers who are promoted to a higher position must undergo corresponding military school training. The innovation of the officer system has led to the reform of military school education, and military schools have become a popular place. The teacher policy has been implemented, the discussion of military thought has been unprecedentedly active, and the military theory has made many achievements. The discussion of warfare thought is closer to actual combat, and it has begun to get rid of the rigid theory of people's war during the Cultural Revolution. General Su Yu shone again in the twilight of his life, first put forward the strategic thought of active defense, and repeatedly used the experience and lessons of fighting against Vietnam as the theoretical basis.
The new selection and training system and new theoretical research results have greatly strengthened the construction of the People's Liberation Army, and batches of qualified professional soldiers have been enriched. The face of the People's Liberation Army has undergone amazing changes, which has been fully reflected in the previous border wars in 8 1 year, 84/year and 87. A knowledgeable army is the most daunting, and this army still maintains a special military spirit.