1972, referring to the successful experiences of France and Italy, the Spanish Ministry of Agriculture established the Instituto de nominaciones de Olkin (INDO), which is equivalent to INAO in France, and established a monitoring system for the appellations of origin (DO) in Olkin, Spain. So far, there are 55 DOs in Spain, of which 20 were approved after 1994. In 1986, Olkin California's name (DOC) is added to the DO system, which is slightly higher than DO. Although Rioja is the only name of origin with DOC level at present, Jerez, Lias Baixas, Penedes and Ribeira Del Douro may be awarded DOC level in the future.

Spain's DO system divides wine into table wine and high-quality wine, which is basically consistent with the regulations of the European Union. In ordinary table wine, it is also divided into:

1.Vino de Mesa(VdM): It is equivalent to Vin de Table in France and IGT in Italy in part. This is wine brewed by illegal varieties or methods. For example, Cabernet Sauvignon grown in rioja and wine produced by Merlot may be labeled Vino de Mesa de Navarra, which uses the name of the country of origin, so it is a bit like IGT.

2.Vino comarcal(VC): equivalent to French Vin de Pays. Spain has 2 1 main producing area * * * officially designated as VC. The wine label says Vino Comarcal de [place of origin].

3. wine? Tierra(VdlT): It is equivalent to French VDQS, and the wine label is Vino de la? Tilla [origin] to Mark.

High-end wines are Olkin's Deno Minasi (DO) and Olkin's Deno Minasi (Doc). It is equivalent to AOC in France, and DOC is similar to DOCG in Italy.

For DO or DOC wines, we can often see the following words on the wine label

"Vino de Cosecha": vintage wine, which is required to be brewed with more than 85% grapes of that year.

"Joven": new wine, grapes harvest wine that will be listed next spring.

"Vino de Crianza" or "Crianza": This means that wines that can be marketed in the third year after grape harvest need to be aged in small oak barrels for at least 6 months and in bottles for 2 whole years. In rioja and Ribeira del Douro, at least in oak barrels 1 year and in bottles 1 year.

"Preserved" should be aged for at least 3 years, including at least 1 year in small oak barrels. For liquor, it takes at least 2 years to age, including at least 6 months in small oak barrels.

"Grand Reservation" is a grade that can only be brewed in a few excellent years, and it requires the permission of the local government to brew "Grand Reservation" grade wine. It needs at least 5 years aging, including at least 2 years aging in small oak barrels. Gran Reservation of white wine is extremely rare, which requires at least 4 years aging, including at least 6 months aging in small oak barrels.

Spanish wines often appear in the international market in a less expensive way, even the top rioja Graniseva is not too expensive, which is a pragmatic choice. However, the wines consumed in Spain are basically local wines, and Rioja Gran Reservationa is only available at high-end banquets, even if it is not expensive. Rioja, Ribeira del Duro, Penedes, Navarra and Lias Paxas are large export markets. Jerez is famous for sherry and exports a lot. However, wines from other Spanish producing areas and low-grade table wines are rarely available outside Spain.

Thanks to neighboring France, northern Spain has excellent brewing technology and produces a lot of good wine. Rioja, Ribeira del Douro, Penedes and Navarra are all producing areas in northern Spain. The Mediterranean is sunny and has a warm climate. Therefore, wine is famous for its rich and mellow style, which may be influenced by the Spanish sherry brewing tradition. Some Spanish wines have a long aging time, such as Bodegas Marques de Murrieta, Castillo Yygran Reservationa Especial, Rioja, etc., which are tasted in this activity, are aged in oak barrels for 4 years, then aged in bottles for 6 years, and it will take 65,438+00 years to be put on the market, so they are quite soft. But some newer wineries will not age for so long, and the tannins of the wine will be strong.

Many local varieties planted in Spain, such as Tempranillo planted in rioja, are Spanish noble varieties with thick skin, dark color, late maturity and relatively low alcohol content, which can be called Spanish Cabernet Sauvignon. Garnacha is called Gehenna in the Nanlong River area of France, with high yield and high alcohol content. Mazueiro is also called Carinena in some places in Spain, but it is actually Carignan in France, which makes the structure and tannins of wine more solid. There is also a red grape variety called Graciano in rioja, which is rarely planted now. At the same time, Spain also grows internationally popular grape varieties, especially Penedes. Grape varieties such as Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Riesling, Gewurztraminer and Musk from France and Germany were planted.

Source:? wines-info.com？ Author? admin？

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