Building ecological civilization is a long-term plan that concerns people's well-being and the future of the nation. Faced with the severe situation of tight resource constraints, serious environmental pollution and degraded ecosystem, we must establish the concept of ecological civilization that respects, conforms to and protects nature, put ecological civilization construction in a prominent position, integrate it into all aspects and the whole process of economic construction, political construction, cultural construction and social construction, and strive to build a beautiful China and realize the sustainable development of the Chinese nation.
What is the concept of ecological civilization mentioned in the 18th National Congress?
The concept of ecological civilization is to respect, conform to and protect nature.
When was the idea of ecological civilization first put forward?
1866, German scientist Heickell put forward the concept of "ecology" for the first time in "General Morphology of Organisms". He believes that as a biological term, ecology refers to the living state of biological communities, including the relationship between a biological community and other biological communities, as well as the relationship with the ecological environment. The concept of human ecology appeared in the 1920s. 1935, the British scholar Tansler further put forward the concept of "ecosystem" and began to understand the natural ecological environment from a more macro perspective. 1972, Professor Dennis Midus of Massachusetts Institute of Technology wrote The Limit of Growth, which showed people the consequences of endless pursuit of growth on a limited planet for the first time and triggered a big discussion on the limit of growth. 1In June, 972, the United Nations held the first ever "Conference on Man and Environment" in Stockholm, and adopted the Declaration on the Human Environment, thus opening the curtain for human beings to protect the environment. 1983, the United Nations established the World Commission on Environment and Development. 1987, the Committee formally put forward the model of sustainable development in its report entitled "Our Future Together". 1987, Chinese ecologist Ye Qianji used ecological civilization for the first time. He expounded ecological civilization from the perspective of ecology and ecological philosophy. He believes that ecological civilization benefits and benefits nature, transforms and protects nature, and maintains a harmonious and unified relationship between man and nature. 1992, the "2 1 Century Agenda" adopted by the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development highly condensed contemporary people's understanding of the theory of sustainable development. 1995, Roy Morrison, a famous American writer and critic, put forward the concept of ecological civilization in the modern sense in his book Ecological Democracy, and really regarded ecological civilization as a form of civilization after industrial civilization. In May 2007, Zhang Ronghuan, a Chinese anthropologist, defined ecological civilization as a civilized form of world ethics socialization for the first time in his article "What is the premise of China's revival", and proposed that China needs "ecological civilization development model" and the world needs "ecological civilization process", and the theoretical model is "all-ecological worldview" as a logical frame of reference, positioning people as the highest holographic species in the whole ecological world. Put forward the concept of ecological civilization, the development model of ecological civilization and the circulation system of civilization, which are the civilized forms of world ethics socialization. As human beings, they come to the world for the continuous rise of personality, ecology and industry, so as to realize the purpose of civilization and its happiness. The revival of the Chinese nation will definitely start the development mode of ecological civilization of the Chinese nation, mainly taking the development road of human rights living, new urbanization and industrial self-optimization. . In 2007 10, ecological civilization was listed in the official document of China as a new requirement of the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way, which is a sublimation of our party's scientific development and harmonious development concept. 20 12 years 1 1 month, at the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, we put the construction of ecological civilization in a prominent position, and called on the whole party and people all over the country to cherish nature more consciously, protect the ecology more actively, and strive to move towards a new era of socialist ecological civilization. Put ecological civilization construction in a prominent position, integrate it into all aspects and the whole process of economic construction, political construction, cultural construction and social construction, and strive to build a beautiful China and realize the sustainable development of the Chinese nation. For the first time, "Beautiful China" is regarded as the grand goal of ecological civilization construction in the future, and the construction of ecological civilization is discussed at the height of overall layout, which shows that our party has deepened its understanding of the overall layout of Socialism with Chinese characteristics and discussed the construction of ecological civilization at the height of five in one, and also shows the spirit of the Chinese nation's responsibility to future generations and the world.
How to understand the concept of ecological civilization
Facing the severe situation of tight resource constraints, serious environmental pollution and degraded ecosystem, we must establish the concept of ecological civilization of respecting nature, adapting to nature and protecting nature. This assertion in the report of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China is a scientific judgment based on profound reflection on the relationship between man and nature, which is of great guiding significance for building a beautiful China and realizing the sustainable development of the Chinese nation.
Respect for nature is the primary attitude that people should uphold when getting along with nature, which requires people to have awe of nature and respect all creation, existence and life of nature. Historically, when productivity was relatively low, human beings once worshipped and feared nature. Since modern times, with the great improvement of the ability to transform nature, human beings have begun to despise and despise nature, even facing nature as conquerors and occupiers, and constantly demanding from nature to meet their own needs, which has seriously damaged the natural environment on which human beings depend, and caused increasingly serious environmental pollution and ecological crisis. Reflecting on the past and facing up to reality, only respecting nature is the scientific attitude of people getting along with nature. To respect nature, we must deeply realize that man is only a part of nature, and that man belongs to nature, not nature to man; It is necessary to deeply realize that nature is the basic condition for human survival and development, that everything needed by human life comes directly or indirectly from nature, and that human beings should have awe of nature and never be above it; It is necessary to deeply realize that all species have life and unique value, and they are all indispensable parts of the natural family, and human beings should respect all life.
Conforming to nature is the basic principle that people should follow when they get along with nature, which requires people to conform to the objective laws of nature and act according to the objective laws. "A human plan that is not based on the great laws of nature will only bring disaster." Nature, including human beings, is a complete and organic ecosystem, which has its own inherent laws of movement, change and development, and is independent of human will. Only by adapting to the laws of nature can people live in harmony with nature. To conform to nature, on the one hand, we should scientifically understand various laws in nature and reduce the violation of natural laws because of ignorance; On the other hand, it is necessary to restrain people's behavior with the system to prevent them from violating the laws of nature because they knowingly commit crimes. Practices such as fishing after drying up the river, burning the forest and hunting, killing the goose to get the egg, etc. are mostly contrary to the laws of nature because of quick success and personal greed. This kind of knowingly committed behavior must be restrained by the system.
Protecting nature is an important responsibility when people get along with nature, which requires people to give full play to their subjective initiative and protect the natural ecosystem while demanding the needs of survival and development from nature. Nature provides what human beings need for survival and development, and human beings should also take responsibility for nature, and this responsibility is to protect nature. Protecting nature is also an urgent requirement to ensure the sustainable development of human society. To protect nature, we must first change the way of human development, focus on promoting green development, circular development and low-carbon development, and form a spatial pattern, industrial structure, production mode and lifestyle that saves resources and protects the environment. Secondly, it is necessary to implement major ecological restoration projects, enhance the production capacity of ecological products, promote the comprehensive management of desertification, rocky desertification and soil erosion, expand the area of forests, lakes and wetlands, and protect biodiversity. Thirdly, we should strengthen the construction of environmental protection system, incorporate resource consumption, environmental damage and ecological benefits into the evaluation system of economic and social development, and establish a target system, assessment methods and reward and punishment mechanisms that reflect the requirements of ecological civilization.
Establish the concept of respecting nature, conforming to nature and protecting nature
The report of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China creatively puts forward that in the face of the severe situation of tight resource constraints, serious environmental pollution and ecosystem degradation, we must establish the concept of ecological civilization of respecting nature, adapting to nature and protecting nature. This concept is strategically located and rich in connotation, which points out the general principles that must be followed in the construction of ecological civilization, is the sublimation of our party's ruling concept, and reflects our party's deepening understanding of the law of development.
The establishment of the ecological civilization concept of respecting nature, adapting to nature and protecting nature is a powerful backwash to the traditional extensive development mode, a firm sublation of various disadvantages of industrial civilization and a clear correction to the future development path of China on the basis of our party's serious reflection and profound summary of past experiences and lessons. It shows that our party strives to achieve a fundamental leap in development mode and achieve comprehensive harmony between man and nature, man and man, and man and society by adjusting and improving the relationship between man and nature.
Respecting nature, conforming to nature and protecting nature meet the urgent need of improving people's livelihood. With the continuous improvement of material living standards, a good natural environment has become a way for the people to further improve their living standards. ......
What kind of ecological civilization concept should contemporary youth establish?
First, we should promote resource conservation in an all-round way. It is necessary to economize and intensively use resources, promote the fundamental transformation of resource utilization mode, strengthen the whole process of economical management, greatly reduce the intensity of energy, water and land consumption, and improve the efficiency and benefit of utilization. Promote the revolution of energy production and consumption, support the development of energy-saving and low-carbon industries, new energy and renewable energy, and ensure national energy security. Strengthen water source protection and total water consumption management, and build a water-saving society. Strictly observe the red line of cultivated land protection and strictly control land use. Strengthen the exploration, protection and rational development of mineral resources. Develop circular economy and promote the reduction, reuse and resource utilization of production, circulation and consumption processes.
Second, we should establish the concept of ecological civilization of respecting nature, conforming to nature and protecting nature, which is an important ideological basis for promoting the construction of ecological civilization and embodies new value orientation and ecological ethics. We must abandon the way of thinking and practice that man can conquer nature, and fully consider natural conditions and the carrying capacity of resources and environment in the layout of productive forces, the development of urbanization and the construction of major projects in accordance with the requirements of harmony between man and nature.
Third, we should strengthen the protection of natural ecosystems and the environment, focus on solving the most prominent environmental problems that harm people's health, strengthen pollution prevention and control, implement major ecological restoration projects, and enhance the production capacity of ecological products. Fourth, efforts should be made to promote green development, circular development and low-carbon development. This is the basic way and way to promote the construction of ecological civilization, and it is also an important task and content to change the mode of economic development.
Fifth, we should change the way of life and consumption, change some traditional unreasonable lifestyles, and change habits such as luxury consumption and inferior consumption.
What is ecological civilization?
Ecological civilization refers to the sum of material and spiritual achievements made by human beings following the objective law of harmonious development of man, nature and society; It refers to the cultural and ethical form with the basic purpose of harmony, virtuous circle, all-round development and sustained prosperity between man and nature, man and man, and man and society. It will fundamentally change the form of human society.
The first is the change of ethical values.
Western traditional philosophy holds that only man is the subject, and life and nature are the objects of man; Therefore, only people have value, and other life and nature have no value; Therefore, we can only talk about morality to people, not to other life and nature. This is the philosophical basis for industrial civilized people to rule nature. Ecological civilization holds that not only man is the subject, but nature is also the subject; Not only people are valuable, but also nature is valuable; Not only people have initiative, but also nature has initiative; Not only people depend on nature, but all life depends on nature. Therefore, human beings should respect life and nature, and enjoy the same earth with other life. Whether it is the humanitarianism of Marxism, the unity of man and nature in China's traditional culture, or the sustainable development of the West, it shows that ecological civilization is a social form with comprehensive unity of humanity and ecology. This unity is not that human nature obeys ecology, nor that ecology obeys human nature. In today's words, the principle of people-oriented ecological harmony is the premise of everyone's all-round development.
The second is the transformation of production and lifestyle.
The industrial civilized mode of production, from raw materials to products to wastes, is a non-circular production; Lifestyle is based on materialism and characterized by high consumption, and it is considered that more consumption of resources is a contribution to economic development. However, ecological civilization is committed to building an environment-friendly society based on the carrying capacity of environmental resources, with the laws of nature as the criterion and sustainable socio-economic and cultural policies as the means. The key to the success of economy, society and environment lies in people's initiative. People's lifestyle should take the initiative to be practical and economical, characterized by moderate consumption, pursue the satisfaction of basic living needs, and advocate spiritual and cultural enjoyment.
Since ecological civilization is a new trend in the world, it should rise first in developed countries, because ecological crisis broke out first there. But first, because of the strong technical funds in the west, the ecological crisis in China has been alleviated; Second, because the great inertia of western industrial civilization will continue for quite some time; Third, because western capitalist countries are constantly shifting ecological costs to underdeveloped areas. The west has lost the opportunity to develop ecological civilization. The loss of opportunities in the west provides opportunities for the leap-forward development of the Chinese nation.
Briefly describe the significance of ecological civilization
Ecological civilization is to improve and optimize the relationship between man and nature while transforming the objective world, and to build a scientific and orderly ecological operation mechanism, which embodies the civilized concept of respecting, utilizing, protecting and living in harmony with nature. Building ecological civilization and establishing the concept of ecological civilization are the inevitable requirements to promote scientific development and social harmony. It is helpful to awaken the whole nation's awareness of ecological distress, recognize the complexity, long-term and arduous nature of ecological environmental problems, persistently attach importance to ecological environmental protection, and save energy resources and protect the ecological environment as much as possible.
The concept of ecological civilization, as a basic value orientation, is an indispensable spiritual force for building a harmonious socialist society. With people's growing material and cultural needs, they put forward new and higher requirements for the quality of life, hoping to drink clean water, breathe fresh air, eat safe food and live in a comfortable house. It is more urgent than ever to create a good ecological environment, keep the natural ecology in a dynamic balance and virtuous circle and live in harmony with people. Without a good ecological environment, we can't achieve sustainable development, let alone provide a good living environment for the people. Building ecological civilization has a long way to go. Firmly establishing the concept of ecological civilization and actively promoting the construction of ecological civilization are the proper meanings of thoroughly implementing Scientific Outlook on Development and promoting the great cause of Socialism with Chinese characteristics.
The proposal of ecological civilization construction is a great leap in China's development path, and it is the strategic basis for China's future development and construction.
The excessive cost of resources and environment in China's development, the prominent contradiction of unbalanced and uncoordinated development, the widening difference between urban and rural areas, regional differences and income distribution, the aggravation of ecological degradation and environmental pollution, the prominent problems of people's livelihood and the negative phenomena in the field of morality and culture have seriously restricted the smooth realization of the grand goal of modernization. How to solve the difficult problems, get out of the predicament and realize a virtuous circle is related to the overall situation of reform and development. It should be noted that these contradictions and problems are brought about by traditional industrialization. If we deal with them with the ideas and ideas of industrial civilization, it will not only help, but also deepen the predicament. Only by transcending traditional industrial civilization with ecological civilization, adhering to the concept and thinking of ecological civilization, and making overall evaluation, rational regulation and comprehensive treatment of contradictions and problems in development, can we turn adversity into smoothness, draw inferences from others, break through bottlenecks and achieve comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development at a new starting point.
How to understand the concept of socialist ecological civilization
Facing the severe situation of tight resource constraints, serious environmental pollution and ecosystem degradation in China, we must stand on the height of Socialism with Chinese characteristics's all-round development and the sustainable development of the Chinese nation, enhance the awareness of ecological crisis, and fully understand the importance, necessity and urgency of ecological civilization construction. We have also experienced the bitter fruit brought by high growth: energy shortage, resource shortage, ecological degradation, environmental deterioration, climate change and frequent disasters. These have prompted people to rethink the relationship between human beings and nature and the norms of human behavior. (2) Promoting the construction of ecological civilization, It is an important achievement of our party's re-understanding of the laws of nature and the relationship between man and nature. Our party has always attached great importance to resource conservation and ecological environmental protection. Promoting the construction of ecological civilization is in the same strain as the concept that our party has always advocated and pursued, and it is a new summary and sublimation of our party's issues on resources and ecological environment. The concept of ecological civilization has been gradually established, and the awareness of resource conservation and environmental protection of the whole people has been enhanced. (3) Promoting the construction of ecological civilization, It is an inevitable requirement to maintain sustained and healthy economic development and improve people's quality of life. Although important progress has been made in China's ecological civilization construction in recent years, economic development is facing increasingly prominent resource and environmental constraints, and people's demands for a good ecological environment are becoming more and more urgent. Second, the environmental pollution is serious, and the overall deterioration trend of the environmental situation has not been fundamentally curbed; Third, the ecosystem is degraded, and the soil erosion in China is serious. On the one hand, these problems are caused by China's large population, shortage of resources, limited environmental capacity and fragile ecology. In addition, the problems that developed countries have gradually exposed for hundreds of years have been compressed into decades in China. On the other hand, our economic development mode has not fundamentally changed, the concept of ecological civilization has not been firmly established, and the practice of ecological uncivilized is still very common. From the source, we have fundamentally crossed resources.
What is the core of the concept of ecological civilization? What does the concept of ecological civilization conform to in China?
The core of ecological civilization construction is to coordinate the harmonious development between man and nature, and the construction of ecological civilization should follow the principle of sustainable development. Forestry ecological practice, which focuses on cultivating and protecting forest ecosystem, provides environmental foundation, material guarantee and cultural support for the construction of ecological civilization society. To build ecological civilization, we should focus on solving the problems of economic externalities and fairness in ecological construction, establish a concept of ecological value and paid resources in the whole society, and establish a perfect accounting system and compensation system.
Putting ecological civilization construction in a prominent position conforms to the strategic requirements of Scientific Outlook on Development and sustainable development; It can alleviate energy shortage, reduce environmental pressure and promote the harmonious development between man and nature; It is conducive to promoting China's industrial upgrading and technological innovation of enterprises, and making great progress in building a resource-saving and environment-friendly society, which is the need to safeguard the overall interests and long-term interests of the Chinese nation and mankind.
Ecological civilization construction is juxtaposed with economic construction, political construction, cultural construction and social construction, which constitutes the overall strategic layout of Socialism with Chinese characteristics's "five in one", and taking the sustainable development strategy is the only way.
What is ecology? What is ecological civilization?
In a broad sense, ecology refers to the living state of the whole nature. These include: climate, hydrology, geology, landforms and the living conditions of various living things (animals and plants). In a narrow sense, it refers to the state of existence and development of organisms in a certain natural environment, as well as their physiological characteristics and living habits. In short, ecology refers to the living conditions of all living things, as well as the internal relations between them and between them and the environment.
Human beings first began to study ecology by studying biological individuals. With the continuous expansion of human knowledge, the word "ecology" has already crossed the category of biology and been widely used in more fields. For example, "political ecology" refers to the struggle between different political parties, "cultural ecology" refers to the phenomenon that different cultural phenomena influence and interact with each other, and "workplace ecology" refers to colleagues, superiors and subordinates, employees, managers and bosses.
Ecological civilization refers to a new stage of the development of human civilization, that is, the form of civilization after industrial civilization; The core of ecological civilization is that human beings must follow the objective laws of man and nature and man and society to carry out harmonious social construction and development, and thus obtain the sum of material and spiritual achievements;
-Ecological civilization is a social form with the basic purpose of harmony, virtuous circle, all-round development and sustained prosperity between man and nature, man and man, and man and society. The natural environment and other life forms will not be damaged or destroyed because of human existence.