(Henan Nonferrous Metals Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources)
This seminar, led by the Bureau of Geology and Economics, takes "Discussion on the Reform and Development of Geological Exploration" as the main content. I will make a speech first, which will play a role in attracting jade. Mainly talk about three issues.
First, the status quo of local mining industry in China
As we all know, in recent years, although the geological prospecting work in all parts of the country has made positive progress, the geological prospecting work in Henan Province with the "two rights and one price" project as the main body has also made a series of achievements. However, compared with the requirements of economic and social development, the prospecting work can not keep up with the needs of the situation, and the constraints of mineral resources on economic development have not been fundamentally alleviated. Therefore, at the end of 2007, the Ministry of Land and Resources put forward the idea of "looking for new fields, grasping special projects, digging old spots, going out and relying on science and technology and talents", and in April this year, a "great discussion on the reform and development of geological prospecting" was launched nationwide, aiming at emancipating the mind, breaking down institutional and institutional obstacles and striving for new breakthroughs in prospecting.
In May 2009, in order to explore new exploration approaches, Henan Province held a symposium on "Promoting comprehensive exploration, strengthening deep prospecting and realizing a major breakthrough in geological prospecting". Many comrades of our bureau participated in this seminar, and many comrades also wrote special articles or made speeches at the meeting. Subsequently, Minister Xu visited Henan in person, stressing the need to sort out the institutional and institutional obstacles through "big discussion" and lay a good foundation for improving the ability of resource support.
On June 17, the Provincial Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources held an on-site office meeting of integrated exploration project in Songxian County, and proposed that the province's promotion of integrated exploration should be synchronized with the strategic cooperation between the bureau and the city. On the morning of June 26th, a delegation of 7 people from the Ministry of Land and Resources, accompanied by Guo, Deputy Director of the Provincial Department of Land and Resources, went to the Bureau of Nonferrous Geology and Mineral Resources for investigation and discussion. This paper focuses on reforming the geological prospecting system and mechanism, strengthening deep prospecting and "going out" to carry out overseas prospecting.
On July 17, the Ministry of Land and Resources signed a memorandum of cooperation with the Henan provincial government to carry out geological prospecting cooperation for iron, aluminum, magnesium, lead, zinc, gold and molybdenum in western Henan, promote comprehensive exploration and achieve new breakthroughs in prospecting. At this point, the Ministry of Land and Resources regards Henan Province as a pilot province for the innovation of geological prospecting system and mechanism.
On July 3 1, Guo Shimin, deputy director of the bureau, proposed at the report meeting of land and resources work in the whole province that the geological prospecting work in the whole province should be comprehensively promoted in the second half of this year. First, optimize the layout of geological prospecting work. Taking the signing of the agreement between the Ministry and the province as an opportunity, the province's geological prospecting work will be unified and the breakthrough in geological prospecting will be accelerated. Taking Luoyang, Sanmenxia and Nanyang as pilot cities, the first batch of 5 ~ 10 prospecting target areas were selected to mobilize the enthusiasm of all parties, carry out integrated exploration and find blindness. The second is to explore new geological prospecting systems and mechanisms, and encourage governments at all levels, geological prospecting units and advantageous enterprises to establish strategic cooperative relations. However, any cooperation must be carried out according to law and must be approved by the land and resources management department. It is also necessary to establish a government mechanism for purchasing and storing mineral resources and a credit mechanism for geological exploration. The third is to comprehensively check the management order of mineral resources and focus on solving the policy chaos in various places. The fourth is to promote the reform and development of geological prospecting units. Under the principle of "wearing a career hat and taking the enterprise road", solve the problem of * * * and explore the process of enterprise.
In mid-July, the national symposium on reform and development of nonferrous geological prospecting industry was held in Inner Mongolia. Directors of bureaux exchanged information around reform and development, and the main points of their speeches were concise and to the point. Chen Xianda, deputy director of the exploration department of the Ministry, pointed out that the core task of geological prospecting units is to "find money, mines and roads"; Director Wu of Inner Mongolia Bureau put forward that "only deep industrialization can talk about enterprises"; Hunan Bureau put forward the development strategy of "establishing Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources". Yunnan Bureau put forward the leading idea of "finding more mines for society and increasing money for workers"; Director Shao of East China Bureau introduced the development model of establishing and operating three major companies (investment, exploration and construction). Wait a minute. It makes people feel that the development momentum is very strong, and there is a tendency of "a hundred battles" and "Ma Benteng".
In short, the current situation facing the mining industry can be expressed in one sentence: the situation is urgent!
The second is the related issues sorted out by the "big discussion"
(A) Issues left over from history
Due to well-known historical reasons, geological prospecting units have formed many legacy problems, such as weak foundation, large debt and heavy burden. Most of the relevant policies favorable to geological prospecting units issued by the state in the past have not been implemented. For example, Document No.37 [1999] issued by the State Council "allows geological prospecting units to transfer part or all of the price to state capital when transferring state-funded exploration rights". So far, no geological prospecting unit has enjoyed this policy, and it is difficult to implement the provision that the right to use state-owned allocated land in state-owned geological prospecting units can be changed in document No.76 issued by the State Council [2003].
Institutional mechanism
It is clear in the decision that it is necessary to explore the gradual establishment of a mutual linkage mechanism between the central and local governments and enterprises, and explore the establishment of an organic connection mechanism between public welfare geological work and commercial mineral exploration, a close combination mechanism between geological exploration and mineral development, and a coordination mechanism between geological exploration mining rights management and geological exploration team building. However, in the process of operation, some new problems have also appeared.
(1) The geological achievements of public welfare cannot give full play to their functions. At present, because the public welfare geological survey team and the commercial geological survey team have not really realized the split operation, after the public welfare achievements are obtained, they immediately become the exclusive information for some units to register mineral rights and declare government projects, and other geological prospecting units cannot enjoy the public welfare geological achievements fairly, resulting in unfair competition and low utilization rate of public welfare achievements.
(2) The combination of the Ministry, the province and the enterprise leads to new clues of industry monopoly. Judging from the operation of some provinces and the exclusive advantages of public goods, the clue of industry monopoly has emerged.
(3) Lack of a relaxed environment for reform and development. Local protection policies have restricted the development of geological work. Under the background of irregular and overheated mining rights market, some local governments have introduced local protection policies and set various thresholds, which makes it difficult to effectively carry out normal geological work. Mainly manifested in: requiring a certain proportion of "performance shares" in mining rights; Nature reserves, scenic spots and other unlimited expansion. As a result, some originally registered exploration rights cannot obtain mining rights after a lot of work, and it is difficult to integrate exploration and development.
(4) It is more difficult to obtain exploration rights. The Notice of the Ministry of Land and Resources on Further Standardizing the Management of Mining Rights Transfer (Guo Tu Zi Fa [2006]12) stipulates that the principle of applying first and then handling is applied for the transfer of exploration rights of high-risk minerals such as nonferrous metals. However, in the actual operation process, many provinces (regions) do not consider the actual exploration ability, and all adopt the competitive transfer method of "bidding, auctioning and hanging", which increases the difficulty and cost for state-owned geological prospecting units to obtain exploration rights. At present, the number of exploration rights owned by state-owned geological prospecting units in Henan Province only accounts for11%of the registered exploration rights in the whole province (183/1651), resulting in a bad situation of "no land for the tiller".
Third, the measures we should take.
(a) actively put forward opinions and suggestions on the reform and development of geological work.
In the face of new situations and problems, we should not passively accept them, but actively participate and strive for initiative. All localities have actively put forward their own opinions and suggestions, mainly including:
(1) Reform should be carried out step by step and according to local conditions. It is also not advisable to reform a simple "one size fits all" enterprise transformation model.
There are 35 localized geological prospecting units in our province, which belong to Provincial Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, Provincial Bureau of Nonferrous Geology and Mineral Resources, Provincial Bureau of Coalfield Geology, Provincial Bureau of Nuclear Industry Geology and Provincial Department of Land and Resources. The total number of employees is 27 185, and the ratio of employees to retirees is close to 1: 1. Due to historical reasons, the reform of geological prospecting units must face up to the problems of poor economic foundation, many historical debts and insufficient development potential. Under the current circumstances, we are in favor of "wearing a career hat and taking the enterprise road" to lay a necessary foundation for reform and development.
(2) Establish a separate operating mechanism between public geological work and commercial mineral exploration. Units engaged in public geological work and units engaged in public geological work should be separated and operated independently. If geological prospecting is a battle, then the professional discipline is to lay the arms and weapons of this battle well. If the professional structure of local exploration units is similar and the characteristics are not prominent, it will lead to intensified competition in the industry and scattered professional strength. At present, professional teams engaged in public welfare also do exploration, and geological prospecting teams engaged in characteristic minerals also do everything. In this way, the specialty will be weakened and the characteristic team will have no characteristics.
We believe that the public welfare team should make more efforts on forward-looking, basic, strategic and scientific research projects; Other geological prospecting units have focused on some characteristic minerals and well-known metallogenic belts according to the long-term characteristic exploration technology and regional advantages, forming a benign situation of "overall planning, unified command, giving full play to advantages, highlighting characteristics, and coordinated operations of multiple arms".
(3) To promote comprehensive exploration and strengthen deep prospecting, we should give full play to the characteristics of each bureau. We believe that to promote comprehensive exploration and strengthen deep prospecting, we must respect the laws of metallogenic geology, give full play to the professional and technical advantages of geological prospecting teams in various bureaus and professions and the regional advantages of prospecting exploration, make full use of the professional advantages of geological experts in a certain aspect and a certain mineral, and have a unique understanding of certain metallogenic laws, so as to make deep prospecting more targeted and avoid detours.
(4) The setting of exploration right should be linked with exploration qualification. All exploration rights are sold by bidding, auction and hanging, which violates the objective laws of mineral exploration, impacts high-risk mineral exploration activities and limits the technical advantages and main role of geological prospecting units. In Henan Province, the exploration rights for speculation account for at least 60% of the total, which leads to the embarrassing situation that the exploration rights holders have no prospectors. Therefore, the setting of exploration right should be linked with exploration qualification, which can not only ensure that geological prospecting units with exploration strength can give full play to their exploration advantages, but also effectively curb the speculation of mining rights.
(2) The attitude we should adopt.
What should we do in the face of the current grim situation? On July 10, the bureau held a "symposium on deep prospecting" attended by the competent leaders and chief engineers of various units to discuss how to carry out comprehensive exploration and deep prospecting in the face of the current situation; Everyone thinks that "facing up to reality, strengthening confidence, earnestly exploring and actively sorting out" is the correct attitude we should adopt.
(1) Face the reality. Favorable factors: the country is in urgent need of mineral resources, attaches importance to and supports the geological prospecting team, and has the support of government funds represented by the provincial price. In recent years, various units have undertaken a lot of geological work, which has enabled us to train our team, cultivate talents and accumulate data. Bureau and team attach great importance to the development of geological mining.
Disadvantages: lack of open geological data. The next step of geological exploration is "a game of chess in the whole province". From dividing projects to comprehensive deployment, from sporadic prospecting to comprehensive exploration, unified planning, unified design, unified deployment and unified management are implemented (four unifications). In the project establishment management, the mode of "unified design and establishment of the project (provincial geological prospecting institute)-bidding to determine the implementation unit (state-owned geological prospecting unit)-supervision of the whole process of work (provincial land and resources research institute)-unified summary of geological achievements (project implementation unit, provincial geological prospecting institute and provincial land and resources research institute)-experts from all sides (office expert group)" is adopted. It should be said that the overall thinking is conducive to the prospecting work of state-owned geological prospecting units and the development of large mines. However, due to the lack of public welfare information in the declared project, it is estimated that there will still be problems in operation.
Just as we have to face up to the reality without avoiding it, we can stabilize our mentality and respond positively.
At the same time, we should also see some other shortcomings. For example, in recent years, "the lack of major achievements with macro influence", the lack of available materials for newspaper projects, the low level of various reports submitted and the obvious shortage of backbone technical force are all unfavorable factors that affect our image and restrict our development.
(2) strengthen your confidence, see your own advantages clearly and give full play to them. As a professional geological prospecting team in Henan Province, through the unremitting efforts of several generations of geologists, our bureau has submitted a large number of mineral resources reserves for the economic development of Henan and even the whole country since the establishment of 1959. Among them, the identified bauxite resources account for more than 80% of the total available for development and utilization in the province, and the identified reserves of gold, copper and other resources account for more than 50% of the total identified in the province. It has made great contributions to the construction of rich bauxite resource bases in Shaanxi (county)-Bohe (pool)-Xin 'an, two iron ore resource bases in anlin and Wuyang, and silver polymetallic ore resource bases in western and southwestern Henan.
Taking Luoyang as an example, in 1980s and 1990s, our bureau made breakthroughs in gold, silver, lead and zinc prospecting in Tieluping, Haopinggou in Luoning and Qiyugou in Songxian. 2/KLOC-0 At the beginning of the 20th century, we also made breakthroughs and progress in prospecting in Shagou and Luanchuan Xiegou in Luoning, Fan Zhuang.
In recent years, each team has its own bright spots in prospecting: one team cooperated with Geology and Mineral Company in Dawangzhuang Iron Mine in Yongcheng, the second team in Anliang Coal Mine in Jiaxian County, the third team in Renjiazhuanggou Lead-zinc Mine, the fourth team in Xinfeng No.1 Mine in Xuchang, the fifth team in Xiegu Molybdenum Mine, the sixth team in several bauxite mines and Fanzhuang silver mines in Shaanxi County, and the seventh team in Inner Mongolia and Yunnan General Hospital. The reason to emphasize this point is to show that we don't need to be blindly pessimistic and lose confidence, but also have a correct understanding of ourselves. As Comrade Mao Zedong said: Our comrades should see achievements and bright future in difficulties and strengthen their courage. Without self-confidence, it is difficult to actively respond to various challenges.
(3) Careful exploration and active layout. How to do the geological and mineral work in our bureau mainly depends on everyone's brainstorming. In addition to the usual exchanges, this "big discussion" also listened to the opinions of all parties through the essays and speeches of the Central Learning Group. Many comrades have written weighty articles and put forward insightful opinions; At this meeting, the bureau specially arranged and discussed the contents of deep prospecting and comprehensive exploration, and each team (institute) purposefully demonstrated the key mining areas to be selected. This is very important for our next work layout and the declaration of the entire exploration base. It can be said that our "big discussion" activities are targeted and combined with reality.
The bureau plans to establish a new exploration engineering technology research center, and make preparations for combining full-time and part-time personnel, and can hire academicians when necessary. Personnel, funds, places, topics, etc. It should be guaranteed and actively seek government funds. Pay attention to comprehensive exploration and deep prospecting.
After many efforts, our bureau signed a strategic cooperation agreement with Luoyang on July 2 1. Last year, our bureau signed a cooperation agreement with Nanzhao and Xixia counties in Nanyang, and is currently cooperating, and will sign contracts with other cities in the next step.
In this atmosphere, all units should seize the opportunity, actively plan their work target areas in these pilot cities, take the initiative to contact relevant departments in their cities, and implement specific cooperation plans under the background of strategic cooperation agreements. Opportunities always patronize those who are prepared. The first draft of the comprehensive exploration work in the museum has been completed. Once it is officially launched, those who are fully prepared will get the treatment of eating a big meal, while those who wait passively can only work for others to drink thin soup.
In short, I hope that all units must clearly understand the situation, seize the opportunity, further enhance their sense of responsibility and mission, and put the work of geology and mineral resources in an important position, which is an important foundation for our implementation of the "four industries" strategy and survival and development. Facing the new situation and challenges, we should "face up to the reality, strengthen our confidence, seriously explore and actively lay out" and strive to realize the great development of our bureau's geological and mineral economy.