1-but I didn't have a diploma at that time. Is it easy to change jobs?
You can't sign a labor contract without a diploma, you can only sign a tripartite agreement, so the company can't actually transfer it to you then.
2-Besides, if I'm going to practice, do I need to sign any agreement or something?
It's good for you to sign, but it's not illegal for the company not to sign. Just a phone call.
3- What should be the salary after becoming a full member?
There is no way to measure this.
4- How do you suggest asking for a raise after work?
When signing a tripartite agreement, talk about wages. If the other party can't give you the expected salary, then don't sign the tripartite agreement and leave directly.