Logistics information technology is the comprehensive application of modern information technology in all aspects of logistics operations. It is the fundamental symbol that distinguishes modern logistics from traditional logistics. It is also the fastest growing field in logistics technology, especially computer network technology. Extensive application has enabled logistics information technology to reach a high level of application. 1. Composition of logistics information technology From the perspective of constituent elements, logistics information technology, as an important part of modern information technology, essentially belongs to the category of information technology. It is only because of the application of information technology in the field of logistics that it has different forms and specific contents. There are some characteristics, but its basic elements are still the same as modern information technology, which can be divided into four levels: 1. Logistics information basic technology, that is, the manufacturing technology of related components and devices, which is the basis of the entire information technology. For example, microelectronics technology, photonic technology, optoelectronics technology, molecular electronics technology, etc. 2. Logistics information system technology, that is, equipment and system technology related to the acquisition, transmission, processing, and control of logistics information. It is based on basic information technology and is the core of the entire information technology. Its content mainly includes logistics information acquisition technology, logistics information transmission technology, logistics information processing technology and logistics information control technology. 3. Logistics information application technology, that is, various logistics automation equipment and logistics information management systems designed based on management information system (MIS) technology, optimization technology and computer integrated manufacturing system (CIMS) technology, such as automated sorting and transmission equipment , automatic guided vehicles (AGV), automatic container loading and unloading equipment, warehouse management system (WMS), transportation management system (TMS), distribution optimization system, global positioning system (GPS), geographical information system (GIS), etc. 4. Logistics information security technology, that is, technology to ensure logistics information security, mainly includes cryptography technology, firewall technology, virus prevention technology, identity authentication technology, access control technology, backup and recovery technology, and database security technology, etc. 2. Current application status of logistics information technology in China In China, various logistics information application technologies have been widely used in all aspects of logistics activities, which have had a profound impact on the logistics activities of enterprises. 1. Application of logistics automation equipment technology A popular link in the integration and application of logistics automation equipment technology is the distribution center, which is characterized by a wide variety of items, many batches, and large quantities that need to be picked every day. Therefore, logistics automated picking equipment has been partially introduced in distribution centers in domestic supermarkets, pharmaceuticals, parcels and other industries. One is the automated application of picking equipment, such as the distribution center of Beijing Pharmaceutical Corporation. Its picking shelves (trays) are equipped with visual sorting reminder equipment. This sorting shelf is connected to the logistics management information system to dynamically prompt The items and quantities being picked guide the staff’s picking operations, improving the accuracy and speed of goods picking. The other is an automatic sorting equipment after item picking. A barcode or electronic label is attached to the identified object (usually a packaged transport unit), and is sent to the sorting port via a conveyor belt. The items are then sorted by a sorting machine equipped with a reading device, so that the items enter their respective The goods assembly channel completes the automatic sorting of items. Sorting equipment is used in large domestic distribution centers. However, this type of equipment and corresponding supporting software are basically imported from abroad. There are also imported foreign mechanical equipment and domestic configuration software. Three-dimensional warehouses and associated tunnel stackers are developing rapidly in China and are used in machinery manufacturing, automobiles, textiles, railways, cigarettes and other industries. For example, the tunnel stacker produced by Kunming Shipbuilding Group has been used in many enterprises such as Honghe Cigarette Factory for many years. In recent years, domestic stacker cranes have made great improvements in technical indicators such as traveling speed, noise, and positioning accuracy, and their operation is relatively stable. However, compared with famous foreign manufacturers, there is still a big gap in some fine indicators of stacker cranes, such as the minimum cargo height limit, noise during high-speed operation (above 80 meters/second), motor deceleration performance, etc. 2. Application of logistics equipment tracking and control technology At present, logistics equipment tracking mainly refers to tracking the location of logistics transportation carriers and items involved in logistics activities. There are many ways to track logistics equipment. Traditional communication methods such as telephones can be used for passive tracking, and RFID means can be used for staged tracking. However, the most commonly used method in China is GPS technology tracking. GPS technology tracking uses the GPS logistics monitoring and management system. It mainly tracks the transportation status of freight vehicles and goods, allowing cargo owners and vehicle owners to know the location and status of vehicles and goods at any time, ensuring effective monitoring and rapid operation of the entire logistics process. The logistics GPS monitoring and management system mainly includes GPS positioning equipment on transportation vehicles, tracking service platforms (including geographic information systems and corresponding software), information communication mechanisms and other equipment (such as electronic labels or barcodes on goods, alarm devices, etc. ). Domestically, some logistics companies have also applied this technology in order to improve their management level and enhance their service capabilities to customers. For example, at the end of last year, local governments such as Shenyang required their subordinate transportation departments to deploy GPS equipment on operating buses, thus strengthening the Supervision of operating buses. 3. Application of logistics dynamic information collection technology The global development of enterprise competition, the shortening of product life cycles and the shortening of user delivery times have put forward higher requirements for the availability and controllability of logistics services. Real-time logistics This is where the idea was born.

How to ensure complete control of the logistics process, logistics dynamic information collection and application technology is a necessary element. Dynamic goods or mobile carriers themselves have a lot of useful information, such as the name of the goods, quantity, weight, quality, place of origin, or the name, brand, location, status and other information of the mobile carrier (such as vehicles, ships, etc.). This information may be used repeatedly in logistics. Therefore, correctly and quickly reading and utilizing the information of dynamic goods or carriers can significantly improve the efficiency of logistics. Among the currently popular logistics dynamic information collection technology applications, one-dimensional and two-dimensional barcode technology have the widest application range, followed by magnetic stripe (card), voice recognition, portable data terminal, radio frequency identification (RFID) and other technologies. (1) One-dimensional barcode technology: One-dimensional barcode is composed of a set of regularly arranged bars, spaces, and corresponding numbers. This data encoding composed of bars and spaces can be read by machines and can be easily translated into binary numbers. and decimal numbers. Therefore, this technology is widely used in item information annotation. Because the reading rate of barcodes that comply with barcode specifications and are not defaced is very high, one-dimensional barcodes combined with corresponding scanners can significantly increase the speed of collecting item information. In addition, the cost of the barcode system is low, easy to operate, and it is the earliest reading technology applied in China. Therefore, it has a large domestic market. Most domestic supermarkets are using one-dimensional barcode technology. However, the data represented by one-dimensional barcodes is limited, and the distance required for barcode scanners to read barcode information is also very close. Moreover, the readability of barcodes after damage is extremely poor, which limits its further promotion and application. At the same time, some other information storage capacity Larger and more reliable reading technologies are beginning to emerge. (2) Two-dimensional barcode technology: Since the information capacity of one-dimensional barcodes is very small, for example, the barcode on a product can only accommodate a few or more than a dozen Arabic numerals or letters. Detailed descriptions of the product can only be provided by the database, leaving no need for advance information. With the established database, the use of one-dimensional barcodes has been limited. For this reason, people invented a new coding system that not only has the advantages of one-dimensional barcodes, but also has a large information capacity (according to different encoding technologies, the capacity is several to dozens of times that of one-dimensional barcodes, so that it can be stored personal physical condition and fingerprints, photos and other information), high reliability (complete information can still be read even if it is 50% damaged), and strong confidentiality and anti-counterfeiting. This is two-dimensional barcode technology that stores information in two-dimensional space in the horizontal and vertical directions. Two-dimensional barcodes inherit the characteristics of one-dimensional barcodes. The barcode system is cheap, has a strong reading rate and is easy to use, so it has begun to be applied in management information systems such as domestic banks and vehicles. (3) Magnetic stripe technology: Magnetic stripe (card) technology uses a coating to bind a thin layer of oriented ferrous oxide particles together with resin and stick it to a non-magnetic substrate such as paper or plastic. Magnetic stripes are essentially the same as computer tapes or disks. They can be used to record letters, characters and numeric information. The advantage is that data can be read and written multiple times, and the data storage capacity can meet most needs. Due to the strong adhesion of the device, it has been widely used in many fields, such as credit cards, bank ATM cards, air tickets, buses and automobiles. Tickets, vending cards, membership cards, etc. However, the anti-theft performance and storage capacity of magnetic stripe cards still lag behind some new technologies such as chip card technology. (4) Voice recognition technology: It is a technology that recognizes sounds and converts them into text information. Its biggest feature is that there is no need to enter information manually. This is useful for those who need to use both hands and feet to collect data, or who have the ability to type on a keyboard. It is especially suitable for people with low blood pressure. But the biggest problem with voice recognition is the recognition rate, which is difficult to apply continuously and efficiently. Currently, it is more suitable for occasions where the volume of speech sentences is concentrated and used repeatedly. (5) Visual recognition technology: The visual recognition system is a system that can collect information on limited logos, characters, numbers and other image contents through some characteristic image analysis and recognition systems. The obstacles to the application of visual recognition technology are also the problem of recognition rate for some irregular or unclear images and the limited data format. Contact scanners are usually used to scan. With the development of automation, visual technology will move towards more detailed and professional direction, and will also be combined with other automatic identification technologies. (6) Contact smart card technology: Smart card is an information storage technology that embeds an integrated circuit chip with processing power and encryption storage function in a substrate the same size as a credit card. It can be read by contacting the chip with a reader. Get the information from the chip. The characteristic of contact smart cards is that they have independent computing and storage functions. Even in passive situations, data will not be lost. Data security and confidentiality are very good, and the cost is moderate. The combination of smart cards and computer systems can easily meet the needs of collecting, transmitting, encrypting and managing various information. It has been widely used in many fields at home and abroad, such as banking, road tolls, water meters and gas charges, etc. (7) Portable data terminal: Portable data terminal (PDT) generally includes a scanner, a small but powerful computer with memory, a display and a keyboard for manual input. Therefore, it is a multi-functional data acquisition device. The PDT is programmable and allows some application software to be programmed into it. The data in the PDT memory can be transmitted to the host computer at any time through radio frequency communication technology. (8) Video identification (RFID): Radio frequency identification technology is a non-contact automatic identification technology that uses radio frequency communication.

RFID tags have the characteristics of small size, large capacity, long life, and reusability. They can support fast reading and writing, non-visual identification, mobile identification, multi-target identification, positioning and long-term tracking management. RFID technology combined with Internet, communication and other technologies can realize item tracking and information sharing on a global scale. Judging from the application of the above-mentioned logistics information application technology and the development trend of global logistics informatization, the application of logistics dynamic information collection technology is becoming a key research area worldwide. As a developing country in logistics, my country has accumulated certain experience in the application of logistics dynamic information collection technology. For example, the application of barcode technology and contact magnetic stripe (card) technology has been very common. However, in some new cutting-edge technologies, such as RFID, Research and application in technology and other fields are still relatively lagging behind. 3. Development Trends of Logistics Information Technology 1. Trend One: RFID will become a key technology in the future logistics field. Experts believe that the application of RFID technology in the logistics industry can greatly improve logistics management and operation efficiency and reduce logistics costs. In addition, from the perspective of global development trends, as RFID-related technologies continue to improve and mature, the RFID industry will become an emerging high-tech industry group and a new growth point for the national economy. Therefore, RFID technology is expected to become a new lubricant that promotes the accelerated development of modern logistics. 2. Trend 2: Logistics dynamic information collection technology will become a breakthrough point in logistics development. Under the trend of global supply chain management, timely grasp of the dynamic information and quality information of goods has become a key factor for corporate profitability. However, due to the influence of nature, weather, communications, technology, regulations, etc., the development of logistics dynamic information collection technology has been greatly restricted, and it is far from meeting the needs of modern logistics development. Cherish the use of new scientific and technological means to improve logistics dynamic information collection technology and become the next technological breakthrough in the logistics field. 3. Trend Three: Logistics information security technology will be increasingly valued. Logistics information technology developed with the help of network technology, while enjoying the huge benefits brought by the rapid development of the network, is also always suffering from possible security crises, such as network hackers. Pervasive malicious attacks, virus plunder, information leakage, etc. Applying security prevention technology to ensure the safe and stable operation of an enterprise's logistics information system or platform is a major challenge that enterprises will face in the long term.

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